http://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki3/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=Clinton&feedformat=atomKnoppix Documentation Wiki - User contributions [en]2024-03-28T18:01:08ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.23.3http://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/Main_PageMain Page2014-11-26T18:17:00Z<p>Clinton: /* Customizing */</p>
<hr />
<div>__TOC__<br />
<br />
== Welcome to the Knoppix wiki! ==<br />
'''IMPORTANT NOTE:''' You are welcome to edit this wiki, but to prevent spam we've turned off automatic account creation. If you aren't already registered you need to first email<br />
'''webmaster @ (this domain above)''' to request a user account. Thanks for understanding.<br />
<br />
This wiki and other features found on [http://www.knoppix.net Knoppix.net] are all about [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knoppix Knoppix]. Knoppix.net is a resource for users, developers, and testers of Knoppix. The official website for Knoppix is at [http://www.knopper.net/knoppix/index-en.html Klaus Knopper's website].<br />
<br />
Knoppix is a Free and Open Source [[LiveCD |Live Linux CD]] based on [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Debian Debian] [[GNU]]/[[Linux]]. Live Linux CD means that the computer [[Booting|boots]] and runs completely from cd. Nothing is installed on your hard drive in order for you to experience many of the Open Source software packages available. Knoppix includes recent Linux software and desktop environments, including such applications as LibreOffice, Abiword, Gimp, Konqueror, Iceweasel, Apache, PHP, MySQL and hundreds of other quality open source programs. (See "[[Complete list of packages included with Knoppix]]" for more information.)<br />
<br />
[http://www.knoppix.net Knoppix.net] allows you to look at the FAQ's and Documentation, participate in discussions on the forums, or just burn a copy of it and try it out! - You can download it ( CD or DVD size ISO files ) or buy it from a CD distributor, more info on the [http://www.knoppix.net/get.php Download (or Buy) page].<br />
<br />
The documentation found here is organized in several sections. The goal is to take you from the very beginning as you learn how to use Knoppix all the way to advanced applications of the Live Linux CD.<br />
<br />
'''What this wiki is NOT''': This is not the place to post your questions about Knoppix. The [http://www.knoppix.net/forum/ Knoppix forum] is the proper place for asking for help from other Knoppix users. If you do post a question in the forums and get an informative response, consider enhancing the wiki by adding that information to the appropriate section (assuming it wasn't there already).<br />
<br />
== Downloading ==<br />
A handy one-stop source of information about downloading, verifying, burning and booting a Knoppix CD or DVD is this wiki's [[Downloading FAQ]]. You may also want to review the wiki article on [[Bittorrent]]. If you do not wish to download and burn your own copy there are others who will sell you a copy of Knoppix. Buying it from our preferred supplier costs as little as $1.95 and earns us a small commission that helps pay for this site: [http://knoppix.net/buy.php Buy Knoppix on CD or DVD]. <br />
<br />
== Cheatcodes ==<br />
[[Cheat_Codes |Cheatcodes]] are used to pass options to KNOPPIX to help with getting it working on difficult hardware.<br />
<br />
== FAQ ==<br />
There are various [[:Category : FAQ Page | Frequently Asked Question]] pages available.<br />
<br />
== Customizing ==<br />
After you have experimented with Knoppix for awhile you may want to customize it. Customizing may be as simple as using the [[:Cheat_Codes | Cheat Codes]] while [[booting]] the [[Knoppix]] CD. You may want to look at the [[Customizing FAQ]] or at some of the [[Knoppix Customisations | specialized Knoppix based Linux distributions]].<br />
<br />
== Remastering ==<br />
If customizing isn't meeting your needs, then there's information on [[Knoppix Remastering Howto | how to remaster Knoppix]]. Yes, remastering is one of the beautiful facts of Open Source software: You can take the software and remold it to how you see fit. There is a [[Knoppix Remastering Howto Deutsch|german translation]] available.<br />
<br />
== Hard drive installation ==<br />
The main strength of Knoppix is its ability to be run from memory as a [[LiveCD |Live Linux CD]]. The advantage to this is that you can take the CD with you. However, some users have worked out how to install Knoppix on a hard drive. If you have an old small hard drive, a large hard drive, or any drive other than a CD Rom drive that Knoppix was originally intended for, then you may want to look at some of these [[:Category: Hard drive Installation | Hard drive Installation]] pages.<br />
<br />
== Other content ==</div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/Main_PageMain Page2014-11-26T18:14:28Z<p>Clinton: /* Other content */</p>
<hr />
<div>__TOC__<br />
<br />
== Welcome to the Knoppix wiki! ==<br />
'''IMPORTANT NOTE:''' You are welcome to edit this wiki, but to prevent spam we've turned off automatic account creation. If you aren't already registered you need to first email<br />
'''webmaster @ (this domain above)''' to request a user account. Thanks for understanding.<br />
<br />
This wiki and other features found on [http://www.knoppix.net Knoppix.net] are all about [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knoppix Knoppix]. Knoppix.net is a resource for users, developers, and testers of Knoppix. The official website for Knoppix is at [http://www.knopper.net/knoppix/index-en.html Klaus Knopper's website].<br />
<br />
Knoppix is a Free and Open Source [[LiveCD |Live Linux CD]] based on [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Debian Debian] [[GNU]]/[[Linux]]. Live Linux CD means that the computer [[Booting|boots]] and runs completely from cd. Nothing is installed on your hard drive in order for you to experience many of the Open Source software packages available. Knoppix includes recent Linux software and desktop environments, including such applications as LibreOffice, Abiword, Gimp, Konqueror, Iceweasel, Apache, PHP, MySQL and hundreds of other quality open source programs. (See "[[Complete list of packages included with Knoppix]]" for more information.)<br />
<br />
[http://www.knoppix.net Knoppix.net] allows you to look at the FAQ's and Documentation, participate in discussions on the forums, or just burn a copy of it and try it out! - You can download it ( CD or DVD size ISO files ) or buy it from a CD distributor, more info on the [http://www.knoppix.net/get.php Download (or Buy) page].<br />
<br />
The documentation found here is organized in several sections. The goal is to take you from the very beginning as you learn how to use Knoppix all the way to advanced applications of the Live Linux CD.<br />
<br />
'''What this wiki is NOT''': This is not the place to post your questions about Knoppix. The [http://www.knoppix.net/forum/ Knoppix forum] is the proper place for asking for help from other Knoppix users. If you do post a question in the forums and get an informative response, consider enhancing the wiki by adding that information to the appropriate section (assuming it wasn't there already).<br />
<br />
== Downloading ==<br />
A handy one-stop source of information about downloading, verifying, burning and booting a Knoppix CD or DVD is this wiki's [[Downloading FAQ]]. You may also want to review the wiki article on [[Bittorrent]]. If you do not wish to download and burn your own copy there are others who will sell you a copy of Knoppix. Buying it from our preferred supplier costs as little as $1.95 and earns us a small commission that helps pay for this site: [http://knoppix.net/buy.php Buy Knoppix on CD or DVD]. <br />
<br />
== Cheatcodes ==<br />
[[Cheat_Codes |Cheatcodes]] are used to pass options to KNOPPIX to help with getting it working on difficult hardware.<br />
<br />
== FAQ ==<br />
There are various [[:Category : FAQ Page | Frequently Asked Question]] pages available.<br />
<br />
== Customizing ==<br />
After you have experimented with Knoppix for awhile you may want to customize it. Customizing may be as simple as using the [[:Category: Cheat Codes | Cheat Codes]] while [[booting]] the [[Knoppix]] CD. You may want to look at the [[Customizing FAQ]] or at some of the [[Knoppix Customisations | specialized Knoppix based Linux distributions]].<br />
<br />
== Remastering ==<br />
If customizing isn't meeting your needs, then there's information on [[Knoppix Remastering Howto | how to remaster Knoppix]]. Yes, remastering is one of the beautiful facts of Open Source software: You can take the software and remold it to how you see fit. There is a [[Knoppix Remastering Howto Deutsch|german translation]] available.<br />
<br />
== Hard drive installation ==<br />
The main strength of Knoppix is its ability to be run from memory as a [[LiveCD |Live Linux CD]]. The advantage to this is that you can take the CD with you. However, some users have worked out how to install Knoppix on a hard drive. If you have an old small hard drive, a large hard drive, or any drive other than a CD Rom drive that Knoppix was originally intended for, then you may want to look at some of these [[:Category: Hard drive Installation | Hard drive Installation]] pages.<br />
<br />
== Other content ==</div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/MediaWiki:SidebarMediaWiki:Sidebar2014-09-17T02:38:43Z<p>Clinton: </p>
<hr />
<div><br />
* navigation<br />
** http://knoppix.net|Knoppix.net Home<br />
** mainpage|mainpage-description<br />
** recentchanges-url|recentchanges<br />
** randompage-url|randompage<br />
** helppage|help<br />
* SEARCH<br />
* TOOLBOX<br />
* LANGUAGES</div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/MediaWiki:SidebarMediaWiki:Sidebar2014-09-17T02:38:14Z<p>Clinton: </p>
<hr />
<div><br />
* navigation<br />
** /|Knoppix.net Home<br />
** mainpage|mainpage-description<br />
** recentchanges-url|recentchanges<br />
** randompage-url|randompage<br />
** helppage|help<br />
* SEARCH<br />
* TOOLBOX<br />
* LANGUAGES</div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/MediaWiki:SidebarMediaWiki:Sidebar2014-09-17T02:36:46Z<p>Clinton: Created page with " * navigation ** Knoppix.net Home ** mainpage|mainpage-description ** recentchanges-url|recentchanges ** randompage-url|randompage ** helppage|help * SEARCH * TOOLBOX * LANGUAGES"</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
* navigation<br />
** Knoppix.net Home<br />
** mainpage|mainpage-description<br />
** recentchanges-url|recentchanges<br />
** randompage-url|randompage<br />
** helppage|help<br />
* SEARCH<br />
* TOOLBOX<br />
* LANGUAGES</div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/Main_PageMain Page2013-02-04T18:29:59Z<p>Clinton: removed surplus nav bar</p>
<hr />
<div>__TOC__<br />
<br />
== Welcome to the Knoppix wiki! ==<br />
'''IMPORTANT NOTE:''' You are welcome to edit this wiki, but to prevent spam we've turned off automatic account creation. If you aren't already registered you need to first email<br />
'''webmaster @ (this domain above)''' to request a user account. Thanks for understanding.<br />
<br />
This wiki and other features found on [http://www.knoppix.net Knoppix.net] are all about [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knoppix Knoppix]. Knoppix.net is a resource for users, developers, and testers of Knoppix. The official website for Knoppix is at [http://www.knopper.net/knoppix/index-en.html Klaus Knopper's website].<br />
<br />
Knoppix is a Free and Open Source [[LiveCD |Live Linux CD]] based on [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Debian Debian] [[GNU]]/[[Linux]]. Live Linux CD means that the computer [[Booting|boots]] and runs completely from cd. Nothing is installed on your hard drive in order for you to experience many of the Open Source software packages available. Knoppix includes recent Linux software and desktop environments, including such applications as LibreOffice, Abiword, Gimp, Konqueror, Iceweasel, Apache, PHP, MySQL and hundreds of other quality open source programs. (See "[[Complete list of packages included with Knoppix]]" for more information.)<br />
<br />
[http://www.knoppix.net Knoppix.net] allows you to look at the FAQ's and Documentation, participate in discussions on the forums, or just burn a copy of it and try it out! - You can download it ( CD or DVD size ISO files ) or buy it from a CD distributor, more info on the [http://www.knoppix.net/get.php Download (or Buy) page].<br />
<br />
The documentation found here is organized in several sections. The goal is to take you from the very beginning as you learn how to use Knoppix all the way to advanced applications of the Live Linux CD.<br />
<br />
'''What this wiki is NOT''': This is not the place to post your questions about Knoppix. The [http://www.knoppix.net/forum/ Knoppix forum] is the proper place for asking for help from other Knoppix users. If you do post a question in the forums and get an informative response, consider enhancing the wiki by adding that information to the appropriate section (assuming it wasn't there already).<br />
<br />
== Downloading ==<br />
A handy one-stop source of information about downloading, verifying, burning and booting a Knoppix CD or DVD is this wiki's [[Downloading FAQ]]. You may also want to review the wiki article on [[Bittorrent]]. If you do not wish to download and burn your own copy there are others who will sell you a copy of Knoppix. Buying it from our preferred supplier costs as little as $1.95 and earns us a small commission that helps pay for this site: [http://knoppix.net/buy.php Buy Knoppix on CD or DVD]. <br />
<br />
== Cheatcodes ==<br />
[[Cheat_Codes |Cheatcodes]] are used to pass options to KNOPPIX to help with getting it working on difficult hardware.<br />
<br />
== FAQ ==<br />
There are various [[:Category : FAQ Page | Frequently Asked Question]] pages available.<br />
<br />
== Customizing ==<br />
After you have experimented with Knoppix for awhile you may want to customize it. Customizing may be as simple as using the [[:Category: Cheat Codes | Cheat Codes]] while [[booting]] the [[Knoppix]] CD. You may want to look at the [[Customizing FAQ]] or at some of the [[Knoppix Customisations | specialized Knoppix based Linux distributions]].<br />
<br />
== Remastering ==<br />
If customizing isn't meeting your needs, then there's information on [[Knoppix Remastering Howto | how to remaster Knoppix]]. Yes, remastering is one of the beautiful facts of Open Source software: You can take the software and remold it to how you see fit. There is a [[Knoppix Remastering Howto Deutsch|german translation]] available.<br />
<br />
== Hard drive installation ==<br />
The main strength of Knoppix is its ability to be run from memory as a [[LiveCD |Live Linux CD]]. The advantage to this is that you can take the CD with you. However, some users have worked out how to install Knoppix on a hard drive. If you have an old small hard drive, a large hard drive, or any drive other than a CD Rom drive that Knoppix was originally intended for, then you may want to look at some of these [[:Category: Hard drive Installation | Hard drive Installation]] pages.<br />
<br />
== Other content ==<br />
Here are some pages that may help you get going with the wiki [[:Category: Useful Linux Commands|Useful Linux Commands]] ---- [[:Category: Useful knoppix Commands|Useful Knoppix Commands]] ---- [[:Category: Bug Pages | Bug report pages]] ---- [[Quick Index]] ---- Any ideas would be welcomed - email webmaster @ (this domain).</div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/Main_PageMain Page2013-02-04T16:33:23Z<p>Clinton: Recreated Main Page per kind favour Werner P. Schulz</p>
<hr />
<div>{| cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" style="border-top: dashed 1px; border-bottom: dashed 1px;"<br />
|[[Downloading FAQ | Download]]||[[:Category : FAQ Page | FAQ]] || [[:Category: Bug Pages | Bug report pages]] || [[Knoppix Customizations]] || [[:Category: Remastering Knoppix | Knoppix Remastering]] || [[:Category: Hard drive Installation | Hard drive Installation]] || [[:Special:Categories | Organized Content]]<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
__TOC__<br />
<br />
== Welcome to the Knoppix wiki! ==<br />
'''IMPORTANT NOTE:''' You are welcome to edit this wiki, but to prevent spam we've turned off automatic account creation. If you aren't already registered you need to first email<br />
'''webmaster @ (this domain above)''' to request a user account. Thanks for understanding.<br />
<br />
This wiki and other features found on [http://www.knoppix.net Knoppix.net] are all about [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knoppix Knoppix]. Knoppix.net is a resource for users, developers, and testers of Knoppix. The official website for Knoppix is at [http://www.knopper.net/knoppix/index-en.html Klaus Knopper's website].<br />
<br />
Knoppix is a Free and Open Source [[LiveCD |Live Linux CD]] based on [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Debian Debian] [[GNU]]/[[Linux]]. Live Linux CD means that the computer [[Booting|boots]] and runs completely from cd. Nothing is installed on your hard drive in order for you to experience many of the Open Source software packages available. Knoppix includes recent Linux software and desktop environments, including such applications as LibreOffice, Abiword, Gimp, Konqueror, Iceweasel, Apache, PHP, MySQL and hundreds of other quality open source programs. (See "[[Complete list of packages included with Knoppix]]" for more information.)<br />
<br />
[http://www.knoppix.net Knoppix.net] allows you to look at the FAQ's and Documentation, participate in discussions on the forums, or just burn a copy of it and try it out! - You can download it ( CD or DVD size ISO files ) or buy it from a CD distributor, more info on the [http://www.knoppix.net/get.php Download (or Buy) page].<br />
<br />
The documentation found here is organized in several sections. The goal is to take you from the very beginning as you learn how to use Knoppix all the way to advanced applications of the Live Linux CD.<br />
<br />
'''What this wiki is NOT''': This is not the place to post your questions about Knoppix. The [http://www.knoppix.net/forum/ Knoppix forum] is the proper place for asking for help from other Knoppix users. If you do post a question in the forums and get an informative response, consider enhancing the wiki by adding that information to the appropriate section (assuming it wasn't there already).<br />
<br />
== Downloading ==<br />
A handy one-stop source of information about downloading, verifying, burning and booting a Knoppix CD or DVD is this wiki's [[Downloading FAQ]]. You may also want to review the wiki article on [[Bittorrent]]. If you do not wish to download and burn your own copy there are others who will sell you a copy of Knoppix. Buying it from our preferred supplier costs as little as $1.95 and earns us a small commission that helps pay for this site: [http://knoppix.net/buy.php Buy Knoppix on CD or DVD]. <br />
<br />
== Cheatcodes ==<br />
[[Cheat_Codes |Cheatcodes]] are used to pass options to KNOPPIX to help with getting it working on difficult hardware.<br />
<br />
== FAQ ==<br />
There are various [[:Category : FAQ Page | Frequently Asked Question]] pages available.<br />
<br />
== Customizing ==<br />
After you have experimented with Knoppix for awhile you may want to customize it. Customizing may be as simple as using the [[:Category: Cheat Codes | Cheat Codes]] while [[booting]] the [[Knoppix]] CD. You may want to look at the [[Customizing FAQ]] or at some of the [[Knoppix Customisations | specialized Knoppix based Linux distributions]].<br />
<br />
== Remastering ==<br />
If customizing isn't meeting your needs, then there's information on [[Knoppix Remastering Howto | how to remaster Knoppix]]. Yes, remastering is one of the beautiful facts of Open Source software: You can take the software and remold it to how you see fit. There is a [[Knoppix Remastering Howto Deutsch|german translation]] available.<br />
<br />
== Hard drive installation ==<br />
The main strength of Knoppix is its ability to be run from memory as a [[LiveCD |Live Linux CD]]. The advantage to this is that you can take the CD with you. However, some users have worked out how to install Knoppix on a hard drive. If you have an old small hard drive, a large hard drive, or any drive other than a CD Rom drive that Knoppix was originally intended for, then you may want to look at some of these [[:Category: Hard drive Installation | Hard drive Installation]] pages.<br />
<br />
== Other content ==<br />
Here are some pages that may help you get going with the wiki [[:Category: Useful Linux Commands|Useful Linux Commands]] ---- [[:Category: Useful knoppix Commands|Useful Knoppix Commands]] ---- [[:Category: Bug Pages | Bug report pages]] ---- [[Quick Index]] ---- Any ideas would be welcomed - email webmaster @ (this domain).</div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/Installation_of_older_Knoppix_to_HDDInstallation of older Knoppix to HDD2012-06-13T22:19:01Z<p>Clinton: Reverted edits by Anjila428 (Talk); changed back to last version by Qwerty</p>
<hr />
<div> Installation of older Knoppix to HDD<br />
<br />
- Described installation was tried on Dannix (CZ Knoppix) from 3.7. 2003<br />
<br />
- Boot Knoppix CD<br />
<br />
- Run Root Console<br />
<br />
- Use "fdisk" to create two primary partitions. Larger for OS (for example /dev/hda1 <br />
as type 83 Linux) and smaller for swap (for example /dev/hda2 as type 82 Linux Swap).<br />
Don't forget to set up bootable attribute "a" to /dev/hda1.<br />
<br />
- Run "mke2fs /dev/hda1" for initialization of the device<br />
<br />
- Run "mkdir /mnt/hda1" for creation of the mounting point<br />
<br />
- Run "mount -t ext2 /dev/hda1 /mnt/hda1" for mounting of the device<br />
<br />
- Run "cp -a /KNOPPIX/* /mnt/hda1" to copy of needed files<br />
<br />
- Run "cp /etc/fstab /mnt/hda1/etc" to copy "fstab" file to new system location<br />
<br />
- Run "chroot /mnt/hda1" for moving to interactive shell<br />
<br />
- Modify "/etc/fstab" file:<br />
<pre><br />
/dev/hda2 none swap sw 0 0<br />
/dev/hda1 / ext2 noatime 0 1<br />
<br />
none /proc proc defaults 0 0<br />
none /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0<br />
<br />
/dev/cdrom /cdrom auto noauto,user 0 0<br />
/dev/fd0 /floppy auto noauto,user, umask=000 0 0<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
- Run "mkdir /dev/shm" to create of needed directory<br />
<br />
- Modify "/etc/lilo.conf" file:<br />
<pre><br />
lba32<br />
boot=/dev/hda<br />
prompt<br />
delay=50<br />
vga=normal<br />
default=DaNiX<br />
<br />
image=/vmlinuz<br />
append="lang=us apm=power-off"<br />
root=/dev/hda1<br />
label=DaNiX<br />
read-write<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
- Run "lilo" for writing of new informatin to MBR<br />
<br />
- Modify "/etc/init.d/*xsession" file. Find "USER=knoppix" and change it to "USER=root" <br />
(aproximately 5th line)<br />
<br />
- Reboot Knoppix and then boot it from HDD (NOT from CD!!!)<br />
<br />
- Run Root Console<br />
<br />
- Run "mkswap /dev/hda2" for setting up /dev/hda2 as swap device<br />
<br />
- Reboot Knoppix<br />
<br />
- The Knoppix system is now installed on your HDD and you can run it as root user.<br />
<br />
- If you want to run Knoppix OS as a different user (not root), create it (run "adduser").<br />
<br />
- Modify "/etc/init.d/*xsession" file. Find "USER=root" and change it to "USER=%UserName%" (aproximately 5th line), where %UserName% is the user name of created user.<br />
<br />
- Run "visudo" to modify "/etc/sudoers". There you have to find and change "knoppix" to "USER=%UserName%", where %UserName% is the user name of created user. This change will allow you to run Root Console.<br />
<br />
- Reboot Knoppix.<br />
<br />
[[Category:Hard drive Installation]]</div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/Downloading_FAQDownloading FAQ2012-03-15T20:01:52Z<p>Clinton: </p>
<hr />
<div>This FAQ is comprised of both downloading & burning questions.<br />
<br />
*This FAQ translated into other languages. '''May not be current or in sync with this FAQ'''<br />
**German version: [[Deutsch_Downloading_FAQ]]<br />
**Spanish version:[[FAQ_Descargando|Faq Descargando]]<br />
**Indonesian version: [[Indonesian downloading FAQ]]<br />
----<br />
Return to '''[[Main Page]] of the Wiki'''<br />
<br />
<br />
====Q: Which version is the newest and which should I download?====<br />
<br />
A: As of September 2011 the current release is 6.7.1. Versions sometimes change frequently, but the newest official versions should always be on the official BitTorrent Tracker, so get the most current status of version information there. They usually show up shortly after on most of the [http://www.knopper.net/knoppix-mirrors/ Mirrors] also, but some mirrors may take a week or more to update. Sometimes unofficial releases also come out, recently these have been copies of versions of Knoppix released for magazines or trade shows. Use these unofficial versions at your own risk.<br />
<br />
Official versions of Knoppix will have both a version number and a release date in their name. Some versions of Knoppix had several releases with different dates for minor bug fixes but did not change the version number, so checking the release date may be important. Versions of Knoppix will have either CD or DVD in their name, indicating the size of the distribution and the intended media for writing the ISO. The CD version is prefered by many users who wish to carry a Live CD and be able to use it on almost any system that they try to boot it on.<br />
<br />
Most of you needs the "KNOPPIX" and not "ADRIANE-KNOPPIX" version. "ADRIANE-KNOPPIX" is a special version for blind people.<br />
<br />
The file names (before the ISO extension) will end in either DE or EN. The DE version will by default boot into German. The EN version will default to booting into English.<br />
<br />
Most mirrors also contain some older version of Knoppix. There is currently no known website that offers all old released versions of Knoppix.<br />
<br />
====Q: How do I get the CD/current beta?====<br />
<br />
A: Several possibilities:<br />
<br />
* Download with [[Bittorrent]] from [http://torrent.unix-ag.uni-kl.de/ The Unix-AG BitTorrent Tracker]. Get BitTorrent (if you need it) from http://www.bittorrent.com/. Be sure you set up your firewall setting properly. Properly configured BitTorrent will usually download Knoppix much faster than getting it from the mirrors. [http://guides.radified.com/magoo/guides/bittorrent/bittorrent_01.html "Magoo's Complete Guide to BitTorrent and BitTornado"] will help you configure it & get it working. BitTorrent is by far the fastest and most reliable way to download the ISO. See this thread for one discussion of that: http://www.knoppix.net/forum/viewtopic.php?t=25708<br />
<br />
* Download from one of the mirrors listed at [http://www.knoppix.net/get.php The Knoppix Download Page]. Try to choose the mirror nearest you for best results.<br />
When downloading from a mirror, be sure to also get the matching md5 file. When downloading with BitTorrent you get a set of all related files in one download.<br />
** If you download the ISO image file from a mirror, then also download the [http://www.knoppix.net/wiki/Downloading_FAQ#Q:_What_are_these_strange_MD5_files_that_accompany_the_ISO_CD_images.3F accompanying MD5 file] too. If you download by BitTorrent then you will also get an md5 file automatically, although BitTorrent has its own checks and the md5 is only a second recheck of a good download.<br />
<br />
* Order a CD. If a 700Mb download is too much for your bandwidth capabilities, you can order the newest CD from a retailer on [http://knoppix.net/get.php The Knoppix Order Page]<br />
<br />
====Q: Can you download Knoppix in parts if you have a low bandwidth (28.8 Kbps) such as pausing the download and continuing it another day?====<br />
<br />
A: Yes, [[Bittorrent]] supports resume, and so do many ftp clients such as wget ( use wget -c ) or ncftp.<br />
You can use other [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/download download managers] too.<br />
<br />
====Q: I can't write to my hard disk while running Knoppix from cd. How can I save the .iso file?====<br />
<br />
A: Try downloading to a 1gb (or larger) USB jumpdrive.<br />
<br />
====Q: What are these strange MD5 files that accompany the ISO CD images?====<br />
<br />
A: The files with the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MD5 .md5] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHA-1 .sha1] extensions contain checksums for the actual CD [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/iso ISO images]. A checksum is a way of fingerprinting files. Just like a real fingerprint identifies a single person, a checksum is unique and matches exactly one file. It is used to verify that the file downloaded matches the original all the way down to the smallest details. In the case of downloading a Knoppix ISO image, the MD5 and SHA1 checksums are used in order to verify that the file downloaded is perfect and not corrupt.<br />
<br />
Many file corruption problems have been observed when downloading from the mirrors. It is very important to check the md5 checksum if you use a mirror rather than BitTorrent.<br />
<br />
This discussion is about a separate md5 file that you can download from the mirror that you got the Knoppix ISO from, or that comes down as an individual file in the package of files that you get in the package when you download with BitTorrent. '''DO NOT extract any md5 file from inside the ISO.''' The ISO does contain an MD5 file that is used by the testCD command, but this is not the file that is discussed here and should not be used to test the ISO download.<br />
<br />
When you download both the ISO image for the CD, you also must download its corresponding .md5 file. The .md5 file is a plain-text file and can be viewed in a text editor or web browser.<br />
<br />
*'''When downloading and running under Windows''', you can check the md5 checksum with your choice of many programs, several of which are listed below. Please note that the methods to check the ISO file & verify the checksum will vary between programs.<br />
** [http://md5summer.org/download.html MD5summer]<br />
** [http://www.toast442.org/md5gui.shtml Graphical MD5Sum]<br />
** [http://www.quickpar.org.uk/ QuickPar]<br />
** [http://www.nullriver.com/index/products/winmd5sum winMD5Sum]<br />
** [http://www.slavasoft.com/hashcalc/ SlavaSoft HashCalc]<br />
** [http://www.line6.com/software/?hardware=All&name=MD5+Checksum+Utility&os=All&submit=Show%3A Line 6 MD5 Checksum Utility] - Very simple account creation required for download.<br />
<br />
*'''When running under an already booting copy of Linux''' you can verify that your download was perfect and that the ISO's contents are unchanged by typing "md5sum -c filename.md5" at a Linux shell prompt (command prompt). Knoppix includes the program md5sum, with some versions of Linux you may need to install it. Note that this is a command for use in already working Linux systems, it is not a Knoppix cheat code for use at boot time.<br />
<br />
*'''Detailed instructions''' for checking an iso file against its md5 hash from linux (knoppix):<br />
**first download the .iso disk image file and its .iso.md5 (or .iso.md5.txt or .iso.md5.asc) hash file;<br />
**open a shell prompt window, such as ''konsole'' (the blank monitor icon on the panel bar at the bottom of your screen);<br />
***the shell prompt works much like the command prompt in dos/windows. Moreover, the commands ''cd'' (change directory), ''dir'' (list directory contents), ''help'' (list commands), and ''exit'', are essentially the same as in dos;<br />
**change to the directory where you saved the .iso file and .md5 file;<br />
***use "cd /home" if you saved to your home directory, use "cd /media" or "cd /mnt" to change to the mount point for hard drives and flash memory, "dir" will list devices that are mounted here, "cd hda2" will move to the 2nd partition on drive ''a'' (the 1st hd), "cd .." (note the space) will move up one level to the parent directory;<br />
***in linux file and folder names are case sensitive, so "knoppix" is different from "Knoppix" and from "KNOPPIX";<br />
**use the ''md5sum'' command with the ''-c'' option to check the .iso.md5 file hash code against the calculated hash for the .iso file (the response may take a minute or two);<br />
***use "md5sum -c KNOPPIX_xxxxxxxx.iso.md5" (or .iso.md5.asc), to check against the listed .iso file in the same directory, (remember names are case sensitive, and replace "xxxxxxxx" with the version from the file name);<br />
***if the .md5 file contains a list of file names and hashes, you will see "file not found" messages for other files, look for the specific .iso file name that you downloaded for the relavent response (which hopefully is "OK");<br />
**use "exit" to leave the shell prompt, and procede to burn your cd (or to re-download the .iso image file if the md5sum check failed).<br />
*Note that checking the sha1 hash works the same as above: use "sha1sum -c <filename>.iso.sha1", using the .sha1 hash file that you downloaded with the .iso image file.<br />
<br />
Further information about MD5 and programs for various OS's can be found at [http://www.fourmilab.ch/md5/ The MD5 Protocol Documentation].<br />
<br />
====Q: What are these strange ASC files that accompany the ISO CD images?====<br />
<br />
A: Most users can ignore the .asc files. If there is ever an uncertainty as whether or not the ISO image file and its accompanying MD5 file are originals & untampered, then the .asc files are important. The .asc files are digital signature messages. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_signature Digital signatures] are a method of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Authentication authenticating] [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital digital] [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information information] similar to ordinary physical signatures on paper, but implemented using techniques from the field of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptography cryptography]. With this you can be sure the ISO image and accompanying MD5 file are genuine, because the .asc file containing the MD5 is signed with Klaus Knopper's PGP key. To verify the file, you need to import PGP key ID 0xBA8F038D from your favorite keyserver, then in Linux you can type "gpg --verify KNOPPIX_Vxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx.iso.md5.asc". Then you must check that the MD5 checksum in the .asc file is the same that the MD5 checksum in the .md5 file.<br />
<br />
To download the keys, type:<br />
gpg --keyserver pgp.mit.edu --recv-keys BA8F038D<br />
<br />
If you want to verify the signed md5 file and the ISO file in one step, you can type:<br />
gpg --decrypt KNOPPIX_Vxxxxxxxxxxxx.iso.md5.asc | md5sum -c -<br />
<br />
====Q: I downloaded a file but '''it is a ZIP file''', what do I do with it? ====<br />
<br />
A: In all likelihood, you do not have a ZIP file. No offical source is providing the Knoppix files in ZIP format and it is unlikely that unofficial sources are either. From past experience we know that is is most likely that you are allowing Windows to hide file extensions from you and you only think that the ISO is a ZIP file because of an ICON accociated with it. Windows should '''never''' be allowed to hide file extensions. Go to My Computer -> Tools -> Folder Options -> View and turn off the "feature" that hides file extensions (It may be -> View -> rather than -> Tools -> for some versions of Windows).<br />
<br />
If you have "extracted" any files from the file that you thought was a zip file, delete them. If you have deleted what you thought was a zip file (the ISO file), you will have to download it again. You '''can not''' put the files you extracted back together and make another ISO, parts will be missing.<br />
<br />
====Q: I downloaded a file but '''it is a RAR file''', what do I do with it? ====<br />
<br />
A: In all likelihood, you do not have a RAR file. No offical source is providing the Knoppix files in RAR format and it is unlikely that unofficial sources are either. From past experience we know that it is most likely that you are allowing Windows to hide file extensions from you and you only think that the ISO is a RAR file because of an ICON accociated with it. Windows should '''never''' be allowed to hide file extensions. Go to My Computer -> Tools -> Folder Options -> View and turn off the "feature" that hides file extensions (It may be -> View -> rather than -> Tools -> for some versions of Windows).<br />
<br />
If you have "extracted" any files from the file that you thought was a RAR file, delete them. If you have deleted what you thought was a RAR file (the ISO file), you will have to download it again. You '''can not''' put the files you extracted back together and make another ISO, parts will be missing.<br />
<br />
====Q: I have downloaded the ISO file. How do I burn the ISO? How is the ISO supposed to be burned? ====<br />
<br />
A: First check to see if the ISO that was downloaded is perfect & not corrupt. See the above FAQ labeled [[#Q: What are these strange MD5 files that accompany the ISO CD images?]]. If it passes the MD5 checksum then you must burn the ISO as an image. <br />
<br />
If you have a cd-rw (re-writable) drive, you should opt to use cd-rw disks, saving you from wasting disks and allowing flexability. If you have a cd-r (recordable) drive you will need to use cd-r disks. You will need one 700MB/80min blank CD-RW or CDR disk.<br />
<br />
*Linux<br />
**You can use the command ''cdrecord'' or the CD burning program K3b (under "multimedia" in the "K[gear] menu).<br />
*Windows<br />
**Quick answer: Use a program such as Nero Burning Rom or Roxio CD Creator. You can get a [http://www.nero.com/en/index.html free trial of Nero from their site]. In most cases you will want to skip the burning wizard and choose ''File -> Burn Image'' or ''File -> Open''. Select the KNOPPIX_Vxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx.iso file, then -> Burn.<br />
**Long answer: Of course the answer depends on the individual program you are using to burn CDs, but all common CD-Writing programs should support the option of burning the ISO as an image, you probably just have to find the right menu option. In the burning program, do not drag & drop the ISO into the burning screen. In the windows explorer, do not attempt to decompress the ISO with something like WinRAR or WinZip. You must ''CHOOSE'' to burn it as an image. Do not burn it at a fast speed greater than 16X. You must burn it at a very slow speed preferably 4X or 8X. Burn your CDR as a '''"Single Session CD" or select finalize'''. The Mode '''"Disk at once"''' or '''"Track at once"''' should not matter (have a look at the Online-Help of your burning software). <br />
* Windows XP/2003 only<br />
** Install the [http://isorecorder.alexfeinman.com/isorecorder.htm ISO Recorder] plug-in for Windows Explorer. Once installed you merely right-click on the ISO image and choose "Copy image to CD".<br />
<br />
A common mistake made when burning ISOs: ''"I downloaded & burned the ISO to CDR as a bootable data disc. Now it boots to a A:\ Caldera DR-DOS prompt."''<br />
You are probably seeing something like:<br />
Caldera DR-DOS 7.03<br />
Copyright (c) 1976, 1998 Caldera, Inc. All rights reserved.<br />
[DR-DOS] A:\]<br />
This means that the ISO was burned as a bootable CD or bootable data disc. A Knoppix ISO already includes the boot instructions so it is not necessary to burn it as as a bootable data CD. Burning the ISO file as an image will automatically take care of the bootable details.<br />
<br />
It is also possible to burn a bootable Knoppix CD using a Mac. After you have downloaded and verified the .iso file, open Disk Utility from the Utilities folder. Choose Burn from the Images menu and select the .iso. The resulting disk will be bootable on most PCs, the same as if you had used another iso-burning tools.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Guides and Tutorials<br />
**[http://www.rocketfodder.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/MySite/Burning_Linux_Live_CD%27s_With_Nero_page1.htm A Newbie's guide to Burning Knoppix with Nero Express.]<br />
**[http://web.archive.org/web/20070406044050/http://distro.ibiblio.org/pub/linux/distributions/e-smith/docs/howto/CD_burning_howto.html How to burn an ISO image.]<br />
*Quick walkthrough example burn Nero Ultra Edition 6.3.1.25 (not Express.)<br />
**I run it and it automatically starts a "New Compilation" wizard. I immediately click Cancel. Then I go to the File menu and choose Open (or I could just use the keyboard shortcut of CTRL-O). In the Open file dialog box, I change the Files of type from "All Nero compilations and Images" to "Image Files (*.nrg;*.iso;*.cue)". Then I go find the Knoppix ISO file and double-click it to select it. It then brings up the "Burn Compilation" dialog box. I choose a write speed of 4x or 8x. I check-mark the "Finalize CD (No further writing possbile!)". I personally choose the write method of "Disk-at-once" but I know that "Track-at-once" also works. When I am ready, I click on the "Burn" button and Nero will burn the Knoppix ISO to the CDR.<br />
<br />
====Q: How do I burn an ISO to a CD using NERO? ====<br />
A: There are different answers for different versions of Nero. <br />
<br />
For '''Nero 5''', start the program. You can just hit CANCEL at the wizard menu to get to the main window. Ues the FILE option in the menu near the top of the screen and select the '''Burn Image ...''' option in the sub-menu. Find the ISO that you downloaded in the file open box that pops up. Burn at a slow speed. Do not drag and drop the ISO into the file area. Do not take any option to make the CD bootable.<br />
<br />
For '''Nero 6, full version''': The Burn Image ... option in version 6 is gone. Use one of the following: Get to the main menu and then use the Open .... choice under the FILE menu, or under RECORDER in the top menu you will find that Burn Image ... has been moved to this menu. In either case use the box that opens to find the ISO file that you downloaded. Burn at a slow speed. Do not drag and drop the ISO into the file area. Do not take any option to make the CD bootable. When burning with Nero 6, be sure that the option that does a verification check after the burn is enabled (This is true for any software that has this feature, not only Nero 6).<br />
<br />
For '''Nero Smart Start''': If you are stuck with this version of Nero, start the application. Point to the 5th icon across the top (the one that shows 2 CDs over a box-like thing). Choose Burn Image to Disc from the menu that changes below the icons. Find the ISO that you downloaded. Burn slowly. <br />
<br />
For '''Nero Express 6''': Under the question "What would you like to burn?", pick the last option, Disc Image or Saved Projects. Use the box that opens to find the ISO file that you downloaded. Burn at a slow speed. <br />
<br />
If you do not have a copy of Nero you can download a limited time trial version from [http://ww2.nero.com/enu/Demo_Versions.html Ahead Software]. This should give you plenty of time to burn your first Knoppix CD. After the trial expires, if you do not choose to buy Nero you can use Knoppix itself to burn future ISO files.<br />
<br />
==== Q: How do I burn an image on to a CD using B's Recorder Gold from BHA? ====<br />
A: Close the Wizard dialog if it pops up when you start the application. Drag the KNOPPIX-'''*'''.iso file to the lower RIGHT region of the app window. It is shaded in yellow and has the title "Track Type"(The icon with a musical note and a folder will be seen in the middle panel). Right click the left region where it says ")1 DATA -mode1 and from the popup menu choose properties. Choose "ISO compatible" and "create from standard bootable disk image" in the two selection boxes. Then press the record button (Upper left), pick your options, and Voila - one KNOPPIX bootable CD is yours.<br />
<br />
==== Q: How do I burn an ISO to a CD using NTI CD-Maker from Brouderbund? ====<br />
A: Start NTI. Tell it you want to make a data CD. From the FILE menu near the top of the window, select the sub-menu option "Create Disc from ISO Disc Image File ..." and find the ISO file in the resulting search box that opens. Burn at a slow speed. '''Do NOT''' Drag and Drop the ISO into the file area.<br />
<br />
==== Q: How do I burn an ISO with the Microsoft burning software that comes with XP? ====<br />
A: Burning an ISO is not supported in the Microsoft software. Many OEM that package XP with a computer also include other burning software that will burn an ISO. There are third party free and trial version programs that will burn an ISO file under XP that you can download. For example, [http://isorecorder.alexfeinman.com/isorecorder.htm ISO Recorder] is a plug-in for Windows XP that will enable burning an ISO image. A free trial version of Nero is available from [http://ww2.nero.com/enu/Demo_Versions.html Ahead Software].<br />
<br />
==== Q: How do I burn the .iso.md5, the .iso.md5.asc the .iso.sha1, the .iso.sha1.asc, and the MD5SUM files to the disc? ====<br />
A: These files are not intended to be burnt to the disc, they are only provided to let you verify that the download that you received is good. If you have not yet checked the md5 checksum as described above then you are not ready to burn the disc. If the md5 has been verified and is good then you no longer need these small files. The other files are provided as alternate ways to check the file. If you already use sha1 checksums you can check that way instead of using the md5, here we keep things simple by only focusing on the md5, either test is completely valid and you need not do both.<br />
<br />
==== Q: I have a fast access to a Knoppix-mirror. How can I burn this ISO-file directly to CD-RW with GNU/Linux? ====<br />
<br />
: - mkfifo KNOPPIX.fifo # mkfifo create a fifo-file<br />
: - screen ftp mirror ....# screen creates multiple shells in one terminal (handy!) ftp connect to your mirror...<br />
: get KNOPPIX-3.10-EN.iso KNOPPIX.fifo #command to copy inside your ftp-session<br />
: - C-a C-c # screen will make a new shell<br />
: - cdrecord dev=(your burner) speed=4 KNOPPIX.fifo # ftp starts to get data when cdrecord starts to read from fifo<br />
: wait; exit; rm KNOPPIX.fifo; exit<br />
(Attention, use "cdrecord -scanbus" before cdrecord to find the correct device of your cd-writer. If you own SCSI hds, you could lose all data of one hd when you use cdrecord with a wrong dev=(controller,id,partiton) !)<br />
<br />
Alternatively:<br />
<br />
''This works well and is much simpler:''<br />
wget -O - URL_OF_IMAGE | cdrecord -v speed=4 -eject -<br />
<br />
==== Q: What should the resulting disc look like when opened under Windows? ====<br />
A: If you see one ISO file on the CD or DVD then you burnt the disc wrong. You should see an entire file structure on the disc. This may vary somewhat for different versions of Knoppix, but for the 5.0.1 CD version there would be a boot folder with files in it, a Knoppix folder with files in it, several autorun files, a cdrom.ico icon file and an index.html file.<br />
<br />
==== Q: What option do I use to make the CD (or DVD) bootable? ====<br />
A: '''None!''' Do not use any option in your burning software to make the CD bootable. Just burn the ISO '''as an image''', this will put all of the proper files on the CD in the proper locations and the resulting CD will be a perfect copy of the original Knoppix CD and will be bootable. If you take any option that makes a bootable CD, you will end up with a CD that does not boot into Linux/Knoppix.<br />
<br />
==== Q: My computer won't boot from CD. What should I do? ====<br />
<br />
A: Look in your computer's [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/BIOS BIOS] (on many computers you need to push the "delete" or F1 key during the POST) to see whether it is set to boot from CD. If this is already set, your computer may not be able to read the CD (some notebooks have problems with black-coated CD's, for example). Some computers will only use the new BIOS settings after a hard reset. Other resources are this page which [http://www.rlrouse.com/bios.html explains the PC BIOS] and this page [http://compreviews.about.com/cs/pchardwarebasics/a/aaBIOS_2.htm explains the boot order.]<br />
<br />
=====Smart Boot Manager =====<br />
If your BIOS does not support booting from a CD at all, or if it has that feature but doesn't seem to recognize the Knoppix CD as bootable (and you believe that you burnt it properly), there is a tool called Smart Boot Manager. Get the Smart Boot Manager installer, and install SBM to floppy, this should let you boot from any bootable CD. [http://btmgr.sourceforge.net/download.html Download Smart Boot Manager.] If you want to install from windows, download the sbminst.exe and run it from the Command Prompt like :<br />
'''sbminst.exe -d 0''' to install to floppy drive. SBM can also be install to your hard drive's Master Boot Record, so you will not need a floppy at all to boot the CD.<br />
: Note: Smart Boot Manager does not support SCSI, so if the CD drive that you can't boot from is SCSI, this method won't help.<br />
<br />
=====XOSL =====<br />
Another really nice boot manager that will let you boot a CD on a system where the BIOS does not support it is [http://www.ranish.com/part/xosl.htm XOSL]. XOSL is slightly more work to set up, but it is much more powerful and has a much nicer looking user interface. It uses SBM code internally to boot the CD. XOSL must be installed to hard disk, it will not fit on a floppy. For Linux users it is often best to give XOSL its own small partition (just a few megs in size).<br />
Both XOSL and SBM will let you select at boot time from multiple Operating Systems stored on your hard disk(s). When using XOLS or SMB that way (with either installed to hard disk), install the Linux boot manager (usually Lilo or Grub) to the Linux partition, not to the MBR.<br />
<br />
==== Q: My PC will boot off of the burned disc. It is strange since it loads but then stalls or it loads but is giving me I/O errors. What's going on? ====<br />
<br />
A: You possibly only got a partial download or the download was complete, but corrupt. If this is the case, then the ISO image is defective and the CDR burn of Knoppix is also defective. This is because the data in the missing/changed parts cannot be accessed (sometimes one can even "hear" this because of the sound the CD-ROM drive makes due to repeated read attempts). It appears to work because the directory tree is written at the beginning of the CD and can be correctly read. However, reading the actual contents of the missing/changed parts is impossible, or in other words, accessing the contents fails. If the ISO image was checked & found to be unchanged and not corrupt, then it is possible that the CDR has been improperly burned or a bad piece of CDR media was used. To rule out the possibility of a bad download or a bad burn, some solutions can be found in the section [http://www.knoppix.net/wiki/Downloading_FAQ#Q:_What_are_these_strange_MD5_files_that_accompany_the_ISO_CD_images.3F Q: What are these strange MD5 files that accompany the ISO CD images?] and<br />
[http://www.knoppix.net/wiki/Downloading_FAQ#Q:_I_have_downloaded_the_ISO_file._How_do_I_burn_the_ISO.3F_How_is_the_ISO_supposed_to_be_burned.3F Q: I have downloaded the ISO file. How do I burn the ISO? How is the ISO supposed to be burned?].<br />
<br />
Problems are often seen booting with discs that have been burnt at a high speed. If you checked the md5 file and know that you have a good download of the ISO, and you have followed the other instructions for burning the CD '''as an image''', then be sure that you burn the CD at a slow speed, either 4x or as slow as your burner will let you go (some new burners and newer burning software seem to refuse to burn slower than 8x). High speed burns may work on some systems but not on others, so saying that you high speed burn will boot on one system does not offer proof that is is a good burn or should be expected to boot on other systems. There are also [http://www.knoppix.net/forum/viewtopic.php?p=78582#78582 reported cases of the CD working but the boot taking much longer that it should for the system to finish booting]. These problems are resolved by a slow speed burn. <br />
<br />
If the ISO is good and the burn was done properly and at a slow speed, but Knoppix doesn't seem to be able to boot on your hardware, you may need to use one or more parameters to help Knoppix if it can't determine your hardware configuration on its own. We call these extra parameters "cheat codes" (see the [http://www.knoppix.net/wiki/Cheat_Codes Cheat Code FAQ] for details). In rare cases you may have an optical drive hardware problem (sometimes using CDRW media rather than CDR will help work around this), and sometimes the dma "cheat code" can help a optical disc boot properly (or the nodma "cheat code" for some versions of Knoppix around 3.7). And be sure that you system is up to Knoppix's minimum requirements. A slow and memory starved system will stall when booting and come up very slowly.<br />
<br />
==== Q: I know that my disc is good because it boots on another system. Why will it not boot on this computer? ====<br />
<br />
A: If the disc was burnt at high speed you do not know that it is good! We have seen over and over that discs burnt at high speed will boot on some systems but not others, or cause other strange problems when booting on some systems. The disc should be burn at slow speed, as suggested elsewhere in this FAQ. If the disc was made at slow speed and the md5 checksum was good and the disc passed a verify pass in the burning software, you may need one or more "cheat codes" to help the hardware detection process along. <br />
<br />
It's worth mentioning that you just might have a memory problem. The Knoppix disc includes a bootable memory test that will check this, just type memtest in at the boot prompt to run memtest86. If you can't even boot into memtest86 then something is very wrong with the disc that you made or with your system, if memtest boots then you can determine if your memory is good (and if you have as much memory as you think you have).<br />
<br />
http://<br />
<a href=http://[/url> http://<br />
</a> http://<br />
http://<br />
<br />
deltrri<br />
==== Q: Why does my writer/software not accept to write to my 80 minute CD-R? ====<br />
<br />
A:Some older writers or older versions of writer software cannot recognise the new playing lengths, because the groove is laid more narrowly. Check with your hardware and software manufacturer to see if these newer media are supported. In most cases, updating the writer software's current firmware (check out the web site of the software manufacturer) will solve these problems.<br />
<br />
*http://www.cdmediaworld.com/hardware/cdrom/cd_firmwares.shtml<br />
<br />
==== Q: What to do if I haven't got enough space on the CD to burn Knoppix on it? ====<br />
<br />
A: There was previously a response here that said "You can overburn it (http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD )". '''That is the wrong answer!''' If the file is correctly downloaded, it will fit on a 700 meg CD (check the md5-sum!!!). It will NOT fit on a 650 meg CD, not even with overburn.<br />
<br />
There seem to be a lot of people who are confused about the size of the ISO-file. They either look at the size in bytes and think it will not fit (forgetting that 1 meg is 1024x1024 bytes), or they have done something else wrong like "unpacking" the ISO and then trying to burn it. Most people who report that the ISO will not fit on the CD, will never report back what they did wrong, once they resolve the problem. But the bottom line is that if you properly confirmed the md5-checksum, and saw one good ISO-file (not multiple files), then the file will fit on a 700 meg CD if burned properly.<br />
<br />
==== Q:Why do 750 MB fit onto an audio CD but only 650 MB onto a data CD? ====<br />
<br />
A: A sector of a CD consists of 2352 bytes. With an audio CD, these are used completely for audio information. With data CDs, an additional fault correction is inserted, and the usable capacity shrinks to 2048 bytes. A 74 minute CD consists of 74x60x75 = 333000 sectors. With 2048 bytes per sector, this gives a usable capacity of around 650.1 MB, with 2352 bytes per sector it gives around 746.6 MB. This therefore also produces a difference in data rates for reading/writing: 172 kbps with audio and 150 kbps for data.<br />
<br />
Knoppix needs a 700 meg CD or CDRW to burn the CD. It wil not fit on a 650 meg CD.<br />
<br />
==== Q: After I've used KNOPPIX, my "other" OS suddenly shows a blue screen with the message "File kernel.exe not found or defective" and "reinstall..." shortly after boot. ====<br />
<br />
A: Simply take the KNOPPIX CD out of the CD-Rom drive and restart the computer.<br />
<br />
==== Q: I can download the CD. Why can't I download the DVD? I don't get the proper sized file. ====<br />
<br />
A: Since the release of the Knoppix 5.0.1 DVD ISO-file, some people have expressed surprise about this, although many of us expected it. There are some common problems:<br />
<br />
If you are trying to save the DVD ISO-file to a FAT32-partition (such as used by Win98), it simply cannot be done. The 5.0.1 DVD ISO-file (and very likely later DVD ISO-files) is larger than the maximum file size that can fit on a FAT32-partition.<br />
<br />
If you are trying to download to a Windows NTFS-file system partition or a Linux-file system partition that supports files over 4 GB in size, but you still get a bad download there are two more common problems. Both problems would be avoided, if you use a current release of BitTorrent and download with BitTorrent, rather than use a mirror.<br />
<br />
The first problem occurs if you are getting files just under 4 gig in size or extremely short files (around 50 megs for version 5.0.1). In this case the downloading software that you are using is not capable of downloading files larger than 4 gig. One good thing here is if you now have a file just under 4 gig and you try to download with BitTorrent to the same directory, BitTorrent will often detect the file, check it, and download just the missing part (for this to work the downloading utility that you used should not have changed the file name and not otherwise have modified the file). <br />
<br />
The second problem is corruption of the mirrors, that has been seen before. In this case your download file will usually actually be slightly larger than the expected file size.<br />
<br />
The bottom line is to always check the md5-checksum before burning and learn to use BitTorrent for a fast and reliable download.<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category : FAQ Page]]</div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/Downloading_FAQDownloading FAQ2012-03-15T19:56:05Z<p>Clinton: </p>
<hr />
<div>This FAQ is comprised of both downloading & burning questions.<br />
<br />
*This FAQ translated into other languages. '''May not be current or in sync with this FAQ'''<br />
**German version: [[Deutsch_Downloading_FAQ]]<br />
**Spanish version:[[FAQ_Descargando|Faq Descargando]]<br />
**Indonesian version: [[Indonesian downloading FAQ]]<br />
----<br />
Return to '''[[Main Page]] of the Wiki'''<br />
<br />
<br />
====Q: Which version is the newest and which should I download?====<br />
<br />
A: As of September 2011 the current release is 6.7.1. Versions sometimes change frequently, but the newest official versions should always be on the official BitTorrent Tracker, so get the most current status of version information there. They usually show up shortly after on most of the [http://www.knopper.net/knoppix-mirrors/ Mirrors] also, but some mirrors may take a week or more to update. Sometimes unofficial releases also come out, recently these have been copies of versions of Knoppix released for magazines or trade shows. Use these unofficial versions at your own risk.<br />
<br />
Official versions of Knoppix will have both a version number and a release date in their name. Some versions of Knoppix had several releases with different dates for minor bug fixes but did not change the version number, so checking the release date may be important. Versions of Knoppix will have either CD or DVD in their name, indicating the size of the distribution and the intended media for writing the ISO. The CD version is prefered by many users who wish to carry a Live CD and be able to use it on almost any system that they try to boot it on.<br />
<br />
Most of you needs the "KNOPPIX" and not "ADRIANE-KNOPPIX" version. "ADRIANE-KNOPPIX" is a special version for blind people.<br />
<br />
The file names (before the ISO extension) will end in either DE or EN. The DE version will by default boot into German. The EN version will default to booting into English.<br />
<br />
Most mirrors also contain some older version of Knoppix. There is currently no known website that offers all old released versions of Knoppix.<br />
<br />
====Q: How do I get the CD/current beta?====<br />
<br />
A: Several possibilities:<br />
<br />
* Download with [[Bittorrent]] from [http://torrent.unix-ag.uni-kl.de/ The Unix-AG BitTorrent Tracker]. Get BitTorrent (if you need it) from http://www.bittorrent.com/. Be sure you set up your firewall setting properly. Properly configured BitTorrent will usually download Knoppix much faster than getting it from the mirrors. [http://guides.radified.com/magoo/guides/bittorrent/bittorrent_01.html "Magoo's Complete Guide to BitTorrent and BitTornado"] will help you configure it & get it working. BitTorrent is by far the fastest and most reliable way to download the ISO. See this thread for one discussion of that: http://www.knoppix.net/forum/viewtopic.php?t=25708<br />
<br />
* Download from one of the mirrors listed at [http://www.knoppix.net/get.php The Knoppix Download Page]. Try to choose the mirror nearest you for best results.<br />
When downloading from a mirror, be sure to also get the matching md5 file. When downloading with BitTorrent you get a set of all related files in one download.<br />
** If you download the ISO image file from a mirror, then also download the [http://www.knoppix.net/wiki/Downloading_FAQ#Q:_What_are_these_strange_MD5_files_that_accompany_the_ISO_CD_images.3F accompanying MD5 file] too. If you download by BitTorrent then you will also get an md5 file automatically, although BitTorrent has its own checks and the md5 is only a second recheck of a good download.<br />
<br />
* Order a CD. If a 700Mb download is too much for your bandwidth capabilities, you can order the newest CD from a retailer on [http://knoppix.net/get.php The Knoppix Order Page]<br />
<br />
====Q: Can you download Knoppix in parts if you have a low bandwidth (28.8 Kbps) such as pausing the download and continuing it another day?====<br />
<br />
A: Yes, [[Bittorrent]] supports resume, and so do many ftp clients such as wget ( use wget -c ) or ncftp.<br />
You can use other [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/download download managers] too.<br />
<br />
====Q: I can't write to my hard disk while running Knoppix from cd. How can I save the .iso file?====<br />
<br />
A: Try downloading to a 1gb (or larger) USB jumpdrive.<br />
<br />
====Q: What are these strange MD5 files that accompany the ISO CD images?====<br />
<br />
A: The files with the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MD5 .md5] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHA-1 .sha1] extensions contain checksums for the actual CD [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/iso ISO images]. A checksum is a way of fingerprinting files. Just like a real fingerprint identifies a single person, a checksum is unique and matches exactly one file. It is used to verify that the file downloaded matches the original all the way down to the smallest details. In the case of downloading a Knoppix ISO image, the MD5 and SHA1 checksums are used in order to verify that the file downloaded is perfect and not corrupt.<br />
<br />
Many file corruption problems have been observed when downloading from the mirrors. It is very important to check the md5 checksum if you use a mirror rather than BitTorrent.<br />
<br />
This discussion is about a separate md5 file that you can download from the mirror that you got the Knoppix ISO from, or that comes down as an individual file in the package of files that you get in the package when you download with BitTorrent. '''DO NOT extract any md5 file from inside the ISO.''' The ISO does contain an MD5 file that is used by the testCD command, but this is not the file that is discussed here and should not be used to test the ISO download.<br />
<br />
When you download both the ISO image for the CD, you also must download its corresponding .md5 file. The .md5 file is a plain-text file and can be viewed in a text editor or web browser.<br />
<br />
*'''When downloading and running under Windows''', you can check the md5 checksum with your choice of many programs, several of which are listed below. Please note that the methods to check the ISO file & verify the checksum will vary between programs.<br />
** [http://md5summer.org/download.html MD5summer]<br />
** [http://www.toast442.org/md5gui.shtml Graphical MD5Sum]<br />
** [http://www.quickpar.org.uk/ QuickPar]<br />
** [http://www.nullriver.com/index/products/winmd5sum winMD5Sum]<br />
** [http://www.slavasoft.com/hashcalc/ SlavaSoft HashCalc]<br />
** [http://www.line6.com/software/?hardware=All&name=MD5+Checksum+Utility&os=All&submit=Show%3A Line 6 MD5 Checksum Utility] - Very simple account creation required for download.<br />
<br />
*'''When running under an already booting copy of Linux''' you can verify that your download was perfect and that the ISO's contents are unchanged by typing "md5sum -c filename.md5" at a Linux shell prompt (command prompt). Knoppix includes the program md5sum, with some versions of Linux you may need to install it. Note that this is a command for use in already working Linux systems, it is not a Knoppix cheat code for use at boot time.<br />
<br />
*'''Detailed instructions''' for checking an iso file against its md5 hash from linux (knoppix):<br />
**first download the .iso disk image file and its .iso.md5 (or .iso.md5.txt or .iso.md5.asc) hash file;<br />
**open a shell prompt window, such as ''konsole'' (the blank monitor icon on the panel bar at the bottom of your screen);<br />
***the shell prompt works much like the command prompt in dos/windows. Moreover, the commands ''cd'' (change directory), ''dir'' (list directory contents), ''help'' (list commands), and ''exit'', are essentially the same as in dos;<br />
**change to the directory where you saved the .iso file and .md5 file;<br />
***use "cd /home" if you saved to your home directory, use "cd /media" or "cd /mnt" to change to the mount point for hard drives and flash memory, "dir" will list devices that are mounted here, "cd hda2" will move to the 2nd partition on drive ''a'' (the 1st hd), "cd .." (note the space) will move up one level to the parent directory;<br />
***in linux file and folder names are case sensitive, so "knoppix" is different from "Knoppix" and from "KNOPPIX";<br />
**use the ''md5sum'' command with the ''-c'' option to check the .iso.md5 file hash code against the calculated hash for the .iso file (the response may take a minute or two);<br />
***use "md5sum -c KNOPPIX_xxxxxxxx.iso.md5" (or .iso.md5.asc), to check against the listed .iso file in the same directory, (remember names are case sensitive, and replace "xxxxxxxx" with the version from the file name);<br />
***if the .md5 file contains a list of file names and hashes, you will see "file not found" messages for other files, look for the specific .iso file name that you downloaded for the relavent response (which hopefully is "OK");<br />
**use "exit" to leave the shell prompt, and procede to burn your cd (or to re-download the .iso image file if the md5sum check failed).<br />
*Note that checking the sha1 hash works the same as above: use "sha1sum -c <filename>.iso.sha1", using the .sha1 hash file that you downloaded with the .iso image file.<br />
<br />
Further information about MD5 and programs for various OS's can be found at [http://www.fourmilab.ch/md5/ The MD5 Protocol Documentation].<br />
<br />
====Q: What are these strange ASC files that accompany the ISO CD images?====<br />
<br />
A: Most users can ignore the .asc files. If there is ever an uncertainty as whether or not the ISO image file and its accompanying MD5 file are originals & untampered, then the .asc files are important. The .asc files are digital signature messages. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_signature Digital signatures] are a method of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Authentication authenticating] [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital digital] [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information information] similar to ordinary physical signatures on paper, but implemented using techniques from the field of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptography cryptography]. With this you can be sure the ISO image and accompanying MD5 file are genuine, because the .asc file containing the MD5 is signed with Klaus Knopper's PGP key. To verify the file, you need to import PGP key ID 0xBA8F038D from your favorite keyserver, then in Linux you can type "gpg --verify KNOPPIX_Vxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx.iso.md5.asc". Then you must check that the MD5 checksum in the .asc file is the same that the MD5 checksum in the .md5 file.<br />
<br />
To download the keys, type:<br />
gpg --keyserver pgp.mit.edu --recv-keys BA8F038D<br />
<br />
If you want to verify the signed md5 file and the ISO file in one step, you can type:<br />
gpg --decrypt KNOPPIX_Vxxxxxxxxxxxx.iso.md5.asc | md5sum -c -<br />
<br />
====Q: I downloaded a file but '''it is a ZIP file''', what do I do with it? ====<br />
<br />
A: In all likelihood, you do not have a ZIP file. No offical source is providing the Knoppix files in ZIP format and it is unlikely that unofficial sources are either. From past experience we know that is is most likely that you are allowing Windows to hide file extensions from you and you only think that the ISO is a ZIP file because of an ICON accociated with it. Windows should '''never''' be allowed to hide file extensions. Go to My Computer -> Tools -> Folder Options -> View and turn off the "feature" that hides file extensions (It may be -> View -> rather than -> Tools -> for some versions of Windows).<br />
<br />
If you have "extracted" any files from the file that you thought was a zip file, delete them. If you have deleted what you thought was a zip file (the ISO file), you will have to download it again. You '''can not''' put the files you extracted back together and make another ISO, parts will be missing.<br />
<br />
====Q: I downloaded a file but '''it is a RAR file''', what do I do with it? ====<br />
<br />
A: In all likelihood, you do not have a RAR file. No offical source is providing the Knoppix files in RAR format and it is unlikely that unofficial sources are either. From past experience we know that it is most likely that you are allowing Windows to hide file extensions from you and you only think that the ISO is a RAR file because of an ICON accociated with it. Windows should '''never''' be allowed to hide file extensions. Go to My Computer -> Tools -> Folder Options -> View and turn off the "feature" that hides file extensions (It may be -> View -> rather than -> Tools -> for some versions of Windows).<br />
<br />
If you have "extracted" any files from the file that you thought was a RAR file, delete them. If you have deleted what you thought was a RAR file (the ISO file), you will have to download it again. You '''can not''' put the files you extracted back together and make another ISO, parts will be missing.<br />
<br />
====Q: I have downloaded the ISO file. How do I burn the ISO? How is the ISO supposed to be burned? ====<br />
<br />
A: First check to see if the ISO that was downloaded is perfect & not corrupt. See the above FAQ labeled [[#Q: What are these strange MD5 files that accompany the ISO CD images?]]. If it passes the MD5 checksum then you must burn the ISO as an image. <br />
<br />
If you have a cd-rw (re-writable) drive, you should opt to use cd-rw disks, saving you from wasting disks and allowing flexability. If you have a cd-r (recordable) drive you will need to use cd-r disks. You will need one 700MB/80min blank CD-RW or CDR disk.<br />
<br />
*Linux<br />
**You can use the command ''cdrecord'' or the CD burning program K3b (under "multimedia" in the "K[gear] menu).<br />
*Windows<br />
**Quick answer: Use a program such as Nero Burning Rom or Roxio CD Creator. You can get a [http://www.nero.com/en/index.html free trial of Nero from their site]. In most cases you will want to skip the burning wizard and choose ''File -> Burn Image'' or ''File -> Open''. Select the KNOPPIX_Vxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx.iso file, then -> Burn.<br />
**Long answer: Of course the answer depends on the individual program you are using to burn CDs, but all common CD-Writing programs should support the option of burning the ISO as an image, you probably just have to find the right menu option. In the burning program, do not drag & drop the ISO into the burning screen. In the windows explorer, do not attempt to decompress the ISO with something like WinRAR or WinZip. You must ''CHOOSE'' to burn it as an image. Do not burn it at a fast speed greater than 16X. You must burn it at a very slow speed preferably 4X or 8X. Burn your CDR as a '''"Single Session CD" or select finalize'''. The Mode '''"Disk at once"''' or '''"Track at once"''' should not matter (have a look at the Online-Help of your burning software). <br />
* Windows XP/2003 only<br />
** Install the [http://isorecorder.alexfeinman.com/isorecorder.htm ISO Recorder] plug-in for Windows Explorer. Once installed you merely right-click on the ISO image and choose "Copy image to CD".<br />
<br />
A common mistake made when burning ISOs: ''"I downloaded & burned the ISO to CDR as a bootable data disc. Now it boots to a A:\ Caldera DR-DOS prompt."''<br />
You are probably seeing something like:<br />
Caldera DR-DOS 7.03<br />
Copyright (c) 1976, 1998 Caldera, Inc. All rights reserved.<br />
[DR-DOS] A:\]<br />
This means that the ISO was burned as a bootable CD or bootable data disc. A Knoppix ISO already includes the boot instructions so it is not necessary to burn it as as a bootable data CD. Burning the ISO file as an image will automatically take care of the bootable details.<br />
<br />
It is also possible to burn a bootable Knoppix CD using a Mac. After you have downloaded and verified the .iso file, open Disk Utility from the Utilities folder. Choose Burn from the Images menu and select the .iso. The resulting disk will be bootable on most PCs, the same as if you had used another iso-burning tools.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Guides and Tutorials<br />
**[http://www.rocketfodder.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/MySite/Burning_Linux_Live_CD%27s_With_Nero_page1.htm A Newbie's guide to Burning Knoppix with Nero Express.]<br />
**(currently not working): http://distro.ibiblio.org/pub/linux/distributions/e-smith/docs/howto/CD_burning_howto.html - How to burn an ISO image.<br />
*Quick walkthrough example burn Nero Ultra Edition 6.3.1.25 (not Express.)<br />
**I run it and it automatically starts a "New Compilation" wizard. I immediately click Cancel. Then I go to the File menu and choose Open (or I could just use the keyboard shortcut of CTRL-O). In the Open file dialog box, I change the Files of type from "All Nero compilations and Images" to "Image Files (*.nrg;*.iso;*.cue)". Then I go find the Knoppix ISO file and double-click it to select it. It then brings up the "Burn Compilation" dialog box. I choose a write speed of 4x or 8x. I check-mark the "Finalize CD (No further writing possbile!)". I personally choose the write method of "Disk-at-once" but I know that "Track-at-once" also works. When I am ready, I click on the "Burn" button and Nero will burn the Knoppix ISO to the CDR.<br />
<br />
====Q: How do I burn an ISO to a CD using NERO? ====<br />
A: There are different answers for different versions of Nero. <br />
<br />
For '''Nero 5''', start the program. You can just hit CANCEL at the wizard menu to get to the main window. Ues the FILE option in the menu near the top of the screen and select the '''Burn Image ...''' option in the sub-menu. Find the ISO that you downloaded in the file open box that pops up. Burn at a slow speed. Do not drag and drop the ISO into the file area. Do not take any option to make the CD bootable.<br />
<br />
For '''Nero 6, full version''': The Burn Image ... option in version 6 is gone. Use one of the following: Get to the main menu and then use the Open .... choice under the FILE menu, or under RECORDER in the top menu you will find that Burn Image ... has been moved to this menu. In either case use the box that opens to find the ISO file that you downloaded. Burn at a slow speed. Do not drag and drop the ISO into the file area. Do not take any option to make the CD bootable. When burning with Nero 6, be sure that the option that does a verification check after the burn is enabled (This is true for any software that has this feature, not only Nero 6).<br />
<br />
For '''Nero Smart Start''': If you are stuck with this version of Nero, start the application. Point to the 5th icon across the top (the one that shows 2 CDs over a box-like thing). Choose Burn Image to Disc from the menu that changes below the icons. Find the ISO that you downloaded. Burn slowly. <br />
<br />
For '''Nero Express 6''': Under the question "What would you like to burn?", pick the last option, Disc Image or Saved Projects. Use the box that opens to find the ISO file that you downloaded. Burn at a slow speed. <br />
<br />
If you do not have a copy of Nero you can download a limited time trial version from [http://ww2.nero.com/enu/Demo_Versions.html Ahead Software]. This should give you plenty of time to burn your first Knoppix CD. After the trial expires, if you do not choose to buy Nero you can use Knoppix itself to burn future ISO files.<br />
<br />
==== Q: How do I burn an image on to a CD using B's Recorder Gold from BHA? ====<br />
A: Close the Wizard dialog if it pops up when you start the application. Drag the KNOPPIX-'''*'''.iso file to the lower RIGHT region of the app window. It is shaded in yellow and has the title "Track Type"(The icon with a musical note and a folder will be seen in the middle panel). Right click the left region where it says ")1 DATA -mode1 and from the popup menu choose properties. Choose "ISO compatible" and "create from standard bootable disk image" in the two selection boxes. Then press the record button (Upper left), pick your options, and Voila - one KNOPPIX bootable CD is yours.<br />
<br />
==== Q: How do I burn an ISO to a CD using NTI CD-Maker from Brouderbund? ====<br />
A: Start NTI. Tell it you want to make a data CD. From the FILE menu near the top of the window, select the sub-menu option "Create Disc from ISO Disc Image File ..." and find the ISO file in the resulting search box that opens. Burn at a slow speed. '''Do NOT''' Drag and Drop the ISO into the file area.<br />
<br />
==== Q: How do I burn an ISO with the Microsoft burning software that comes with XP? ====<br />
A: Burning an ISO is not supported in the Microsoft software. Many OEM that package XP with a computer also include other burning software that will burn an ISO. There are third party free and trial version programs that will burn an ISO file under XP that you can download. For example, [http://isorecorder.alexfeinman.com/isorecorder.htm ISO Recorder] is a plug-in for Windows XP that will enable burning an ISO image. A free trial version of Nero is available from [http://ww2.nero.com/enu/Demo_Versions.html Ahead Software].<br />
<br />
==== Q: How do I burn the .iso.md5, the .iso.md5.asc the .iso.sha1, the .iso.sha1.asc, and the MD5SUM files to the disc? ====<br />
A: These files are not intended to be burnt to the disc, they are only provided to let you verify that the download that you received is good. If you have not yet checked the md5 checksum as described above then you are not ready to burn the disc. If the md5 has been verified and is good then you no longer need these small files. The other files are provided as alternate ways to check the file. If you already use sha1 checksums you can check that way instead of using the md5, here we keep things simple by only focusing on the md5, either test is completely valid and you need not do both.<br />
<br />
==== Q: I have a fast access to a Knoppix-mirror. How can I burn this ISO-file directly to CD-RW with GNU/Linux? ====<br />
<br />
: - mkfifo KNOPPIX.fifo # mkfifo create a fifo-file<br />
: - screen ftp mirror ....# screen creates multiple shells in one terminal (handy!) ftp connect to your mirror...<br />
: get KNOPPIX-3.10-EN.iso KNOPPIX.fifo #command to copy inside your ftp-session<br />
: - C-a C-c # screen will make a new shell<br />
: - cdrecord dev=(your burner) speed=4 KNOPPIX.fifo # ftp starts to get data when cdrecord starts to read from fifo<br />
: wait; exit; rm KNOPPIX.fifo; exit<br />
(Attention, use "cdrecord -scanbus" before cdrecord to find the correct device of your cd-writer. If you own SCSI hds, you could lose all data of one hd when you use cdrecord with a wrong dev=(controller,id,partiton) !)<br />
<br />
Alternatively:<br />
<br />
''This works well and is much simpler:''<br />
wget -O - URL_OF_IMAGE | cdrecord -v speed=4 -eject -<br />
<br />
==== Q: What should the resulting disc look like when opened under Windows? ====<br />
A: If you see one ISO file on the CD or DVD then you burnt the disc wrong. You should see an entire file structure on the disc. This may vary somewhat for different versions of Knoppix, but for the 5.0.1 CD version there would be a boot folder with files in it, a Knoppix folder with files in it, several autorun files, a cdrom.ico icon file and an index.html file.<br />
<br />
==== Q: What option do I use to make the CD (or DVD) bootable? ====<br />
A: '''None!''' Do not use any option in your burning software to make the CD bootable. Just burn the ISO '''as an image''', this will put all of the proper files on the CD in the proper locations and the resulting CD will be a perfect copy of the original Knoppix CD and will be bootable. If you take any option that makes a bootable CD, you will end up with a CD that does not boot into Linux/Knoppix.<br />
<br />
==== Q: My computer won't boot from CD. What should I do? ====<br />
<br />
A: Look in your computer's [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/BIOS BIOS] (on many computers you need to push the "delete" or F1 key during the POST) to see whether it is set to boot from CD. If this is already set, your computer may not be able to read the CD (some notebooks have problems with black-coated CD's, for example). Some computers will only use the new BIOS settings after a hard reset. Other resources are this page which [http://www.rlrouse.com/bios.html explains the PC BIOS] and this page [http://compreviews.about.com/cs/pchardwarebasics/a/aaBIOS_2.htm explains the boot order.]<br />
<br />
=====Smart Boot Manager =====<br />
If your BIOS does not support booting from a CD at all, or if it has that feature but doesn't seem to recognize the Knoppix CD as bootable (and you believe that you burnt it properly), there is a tool called Smart Boot Manager. Get the Smart Boot Manager installer, and install SBM to floppy, this should let you boot from any bootable CD. [http://btmgr.sourceforge.net/download.html Download Smart Boot Manager.] If you want to install from windows, download the sbminst.exe and run it from the Command Prompt like :<br />
'''sbminst.exe -d 0''' to install to floppy drive. SBM can also be install to your hard drive's Master Boot Record, so you will not need a floppy at all to boot the CD.<br />
: Note: Smart Boot Manager does not support SCSI, so if the CD drive that you can't boot from is SCSI, this method won't help.<br />
<br />
=====XOSL =====<br />
Another really nice boot manager that will let you boot a CD on a system where the BIOS does not support it is [http://www.ranish.com/part/xosl.htm XOSL]. XOSL is slightly more work to set up, but it is much more powerful and has a much nicer looking user interface. It uses SBM code internally to boot the CD. XOSL must be installed to hard disk, it will not fit on a floppy. For Linux users it is often best to give XOSL its own small partition (just a few megs in size).<br />
Both XOSL and SBM will let you select at boot time from multiple Operating Systems stored on your hard disk(s). When using XOLS or SMB that way (with either installed to hard disk), install the Linux boot manager (usually Lilo or Grub) to the Linux partition, not to the MBR.<br />
<br />
==== Q: My PC will boot off of the burned disc. It is strange since it loads but then stalls or it loads but is giving me I/O errors. What's going on? ====<br />
<br />
A: You possibly only got a partial download or the download was complete, but corrupt. If this is the case, then the ISO image is defective and the CDR burn of Knoppix is also defective. This is because the data in the missing/changed parts cannot be accessed (sometimes one can even "hear" this because of the sound the CD-ROM drive makes due to repeated read attempts). It appears to work because the directory tree is written at the beginning of the CD and can be correctly read. However, reading the actual contents of the missing/changed parts is impossible, or in other words, accessing the contents fails. If the ISO image was checked & found to be unchanged and not corrupt, then it is possible that the CDR has been improperly burned or a bad piece of CDR media was used. To rule out the possibility of a bad download or a bad burn, some solutions can be found in the section [http://www.knoppix.net/wiki/Downloading_FAQ#Q:_What_are_these_strange_MD5_files_that_accompany_the_ISO_CD_images.3F Q: What are these strange MD5 files that accompany the ISO CD images?] and<br />
[http://www.knoppix.net/wiki/Downloading_FAQ#Q:_I_have_downloaded_the_ISO_file._How_do_I_burn_the_ISO.3F_How_is_the_ISO_supposed_to_be_burned.3F Q: I have downloaded the ISO file. How do I burn the ISO? How is the ISO supposed to be burned?].<br />
<br />
Problems are often seen booting with discs that have been burnt at a high speed. If you checked the md5 file and know that you have a good download of the ISO, and you have followed the other instructions for burning the CD '''as an image''', then be sure that you burn the CD at a slow speed, either 4x or as slow as your burner will let you go (some new burners and newer burning software seem to refuse to burn slower than 8x). High speed burns may work on some systems but not on others, so saying that you high speed burn will boot on one system does not offer proof that is is a good burn or should be expected to boot on other systems. There are also [http://www.knoppix.net/forum/viewtopic.php?p=78582#78582 reported cases of the CD working but the boot taking much longer that it should for the system to finish booting]. These problems are resolved by a slow speed burn. <br />
<br />
If the ISO is good and the burn was done properly and at a slow speed, but Knoppix doesn't seem to be able to boot on your hardware, you may need to use one or more parameters to help Knoppix if it can't determine your hardware configuration on its own. We call these extra parameters "cheat codes" (see the [http://www.knoppix.net/wiki/Cheat_Codes Cheat Code FAQ] for details). In rare cases you may have an optical drive hardware problem (sometimes using CDRW media rather than CDR will help work around this), and sometimes the dma "cheat code" can help a optical disc boot properly (or the nodma "cheat code" for some versions of Knoppix around 3.7). And be sure that you system is up to Knoppix's minimum requirements. A slow and memory starved system will stall when booting and come up very slowly.<br />
<br />
==== Q: I know that my disc is good because it boots on another system. Why will it not boot on this computer? ====<br />
<br />
A: If the disc was burnt at high speed you do not know that it is good! We have seen over and over that discs burnt at high speed will boot on some systems but not others, or cause other strange problems when booting on some systems. The disc should be burn at slow speed, as suggested elsewhere in this FAQ. If the disc was made at slow speed and the md5 checksum was good and the disc passed a verify pass in the burning software, you may need one or more "cheat codes" to help the hardware detection process along. <br />
<br />
It's worth mentioning that you just might have a memory problem. The Knoppix disc includes a bootable memory test that will check this, just type memtest in at the boot prompt to run memtest86. If you can't even boot into memtest86 then something is very wrong with the disc that you made or with your system, if memtest boots then you can determine if your memory is good (and if you have as much memory as you think you have).<br />
<br />
http://<br />
<a href=http://[/url> http://<br />
</a> http://<br />
http://<br />
<br />
deltrri<br />
==== Q: Why does my writer/software not accept to write to my 80 minute CD-R? ====<br />
<br />
A:Some older writers or older versions of writer software cannot recognise the new playing lengths, because the groove is laid more narrowly. Check with your hardware and software manufacturer to see if these newer media are supported. In most cases, updating the writer software's current firmware (check out the web site of the software manufacturer) will solve these problems.<br />
<br />
*http://www.cdmediaworld.com/hardware/cdrom/cd_firmwares.shtml<br />
<br />
==== Q: What to do if I haven't got enough space on the CD to burn Knoppix on it? ====<br />
<br />
A: There was previously a response here that said "You can overburn it (http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD )". '''That is the wrong answer!''' If the file is correctly downloaded, it will fit on a 700 meg CD (check the md5-sum!!!). It will NOT fit on a 650 meg CD, not even with overburn.<br />
<br />
There seem to be a lot of people who are confused about the size of the ISO-file. They either look at the size in bytes and think it will not fit (forgetting that 1 meg is 1024x1024 bytes), or they have done something else wrong like "unpacking" the ISO and then trying to burn it. Most people who report that the ISO will not fit on the CD, will never report back what they did wrong, once they resolve the problem. But the bottom line is that if you properly confirmed the md5-checksum, and saw one good ISO-file (not multiple files), then the file will fit on a 700 meg CD if burned properly.<br />
<br />
==== Q:Why do 750 MB fit onto an audio CD but only 650 MB onto a data CD? ====<br />
<br />
A: A sector of a CD consists of 2352 bytes. With an audio CD, these are used completely for audio information. With data CDs, an additional fault correction is inserted, and the usable capacity shrinks to 2048 bytes. A 74 minute CD consists of 74x60x75 = 333000 sectors. With 2048 bytes per sector, this gives a usable capacity of around 650.1 MB, with 2352 bytes per sector it gives around 746.6 MB. This therefore also produces a difference in data rates for reading/writing: 172 kbps with audio and 150 kbps for data.<br />
<br />
Knoppix needs a 700 meg CD or CDRW to burn the CD. It wil not fit on a 650 meg CD.<br />
<br />
==== Q: After I've used KNOPPIX, my "other" OS suddenly shows a blue screen with the message "File kernel.exe not found or defective" and "reinstall..." shortly after boot. ====<br />
<br />
A: Simply take the KNOPPIX CD out of the CD-Rom drive and restart the computer.<br />
<br />
==== Q: I can download the CD. Why can't I download the DVD? I don't get the proper sized file. ====<br />
<br />
A: Since the release of the Knoppix 5.0.1 DVD ISO-file, some people have expressed surprise about this, although many of us expected it. There are some common problems:<br />
<br />
If you are trying to save the DVD ISO-file to a FAT32-partition (such as used by Win98), it simply cannot be done. The 5.0.1 DVD ISO-file (and very likely later DVD ISO-files) is larger than the maximum file size that can fit on a FAT32-partition.<br />
<br />
If you are trying to download to a Windows NTFS-file system partition or a Linux-file system partition that supports files over 4 GB in size, but you still get a bad download there are two more common problems. Both problems would be avoided, if you use a current release of BitTorrent and download with BitTorrent, rather than use a mirror.<br />
<br />
The first problem occurs if you are getting files just under 4 gig in size or extremely short files (around 50 megs for version 5.0.1). In this case the downloading software that you are using is not capable of downloading files larger than 4 gig. One good thing here is if you now have a file just under 4 gig and you try to download with BitTorrent to the same directory, BitTorrent will often detect the file, check it, and download just the missing part (for this to work the downloading utility that you used should not have changed the file name and not otherwise have modified the file). <br />
<br />
The second problem is corruption of the mirrors, that has been seen before. In this case your download file will usually actually be slightly larger than the expected file size.<br />
<br />
The bottom line is to always check the md5-checksum before burning and learn to use BitTorrent for a fast and reliable download.<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category : FAQ Page]]</div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/Main_PageMain Page2011-08-15T09:35:05Z<p>Clinton: </p>
<hr />
<div>{| cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" style="border-top: dashed 1px; border-bottom: dashed 1px;"<br />
|[[Downloading FAQ | Download]]||[[:Category : FAQ Page | FAQ]] || [[:Category: Bug Pages | Bug report pages]] || [[Knoppix Customizations]] || [[:Category: Remastering Knoppix | Knoppix Remastering]] || [[:Category: Hard drive Installation | Hard drive Installation]] || [[:Special:Categories | Organized Content]]<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
'''IMPORTANT NOTE: You are welcome to edit this wiki, but to prevent spam we've turned off automatic account creation. If you aren't already registered you need to first email webmaster @ (this domain above) to request a user account. Thanks for understanding.<br />
'''<br />
== Welcome == <br />
Welcome to the Knoppix wiki. This wiki and other features found on [http://www.knoppix.net Knoppix.net] are all about [[Knoppix]]. [http://www.knoppix.net Knoppix.net] is a resource for users, developers, and testers of the live Knoppix CD. The official website for Knoppix is at [http://www.knopper.net/knoppix/index-en.html Klaus Knopper's website].<br />
<br />
[[Knoppix]] is a Free and Open Source [[LiveCD |Live Linux CD]] based on [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Debian Debian] [[GNU]]/[[Linux]]. [[LiveCD |Live Linux CD]] means that the computer [[Booting|boots]] and runs completely from cd. Nothing is installed on your hard drive in order for you to experience many of the [[:Category: Open Source Applications| Open Source software packages]] available. [[Knoppix]] includes recent [[Linux]] software and desktop environments, including such applications as [[Open Office | OpenOffice.org]], Abiword, [[Gimp]], Konqueror, Firefox, Apache, PHP, MySQL and hundreds of other quality open source programs. (See "[[complete list of packages included with Knoppix]]" for more information.) [http://www.knoppix.net Knoppix.net] allows you to look at the FAQ's and Documentation, participate in discussions on the forums, or just burn a copy of it and try it out! - You can download it ( CD or DVD size ISO files ) or buy it from a CD distributor, more info on the [http://www.knoppix.net/get.php download / buy page].<br />
<br />
The documentation found here is organized in several sections. The goal is to take you from the very beginning as you learn how to use [[Knoppix]] all the way to advanced applications of the [[LiveCD |Live Linux CD]].<br />
<br />
'''What this wiki is NOT''': This is not the place to post your questions about Knoppix. While there is a section to track bugs once they are well defined, please do not edit FAQs or other articles just to add a question without an answer. The [http://www.knoppix.net/forum/ Knoppix forum] is the proper place for asking for help from other Knoppix users. If you post questions in the wiki fewer people will see them and you will not get as many or as high quality of responses as in the forums. If you do post a question in the forums and get an informative response, consider enhancing the wiki by adding that information to the appropriate section (assuming it wasn't there already). <br />
== Downloading ==<br />
; [[Downloading FAQ | Download]] : A handy one-stop source of information about downloading, verifying, burning and booting a Knoppix CD or DVD is this wiki's [[Downloading FAQ]]. You may also want to review the wiki article on [[Bittorrent]]. If you do not wish to download and burn your own copy there are others who will sell you a copy of Knoppix. Buying it from our preferred supplier costs as little as $1.95 and earns us a small commission that helps pay for this site: [http://knoppix.net/buy.php Buy Knoppix on CD or DVD]. <br />
<br />
== FAQ ==<br />
<br />
; [[:Category : FAQ Page | FAQ]] : There are various [[:Category : FAQ Page | Frequently Asked Question]] pages available.<br />
<br />
== Bug Reports ==<br />
<br />
; [[:Category: Bug Pages | Bug report pages]] : If you have found a bug in Knoppix, you can report it on the Bug tracking site. However, some users have developed [[:Category: Bug Pages | bug report pages]] on this wiki that include work arounds to some of the problems with each release of [[Knoppix]].<br />
<br />
== Customizing == <br />
<br />
; [[Customizing FAQ | Customizing]] : After you have experimented with [[Knoppix]] for awhile you may want to customize it. Customizing may be as simple as using the [[:Category: Cheat Codes | Cheat Codes]] while [[booting]] the [[Knoppix]] CD. You may want to look at the [[Customizing FAQ]] or at some of the [[Knoppix Customisations | specialized Knoppix based Linux distributions]]. <br />
<br />
== Remastering == <br />
<br />
; [[:Category: Remastering Knoppix | Knoppix Remastering]] : If [[Customizing FAQ | customizing]] isn't meeting your needs, then there's information on [[Knoppix Remastering Howto | how to remaster Knoppix]]. Yes, remastering is one of the beautiful facts of Open Source software: You can take the software and remold it to how you see fit. There are translations available of the [[Knoppix Remastering Howto]] ---- [[Knoppix Remastering Howto Deutsch|Deutsch]] ---- [[Knoppix Remastering Howto French|French]] ---- [[Knoppix Remastering Howto Spanish|en español]] ---- [[Knoppix Remastering Howto Russian|Russian]] ---- [[Knoppix Remastering Howto Indonesian|Indonesian]].<br />
<br />
== Hard Drive Installation == <br />
<br />
; [[:Category: Hard drive Installation | Hard drive Installation]] : The main strength of [[Knoppix]] is its ability to be run from memory as a [[LiveCD |Live Linux CD]]. The advantage to this is that you can take the CD with you. However, some users have worked out how to install [[Knoppix]] on a hard drive. Hard drive install of Knoppix is not recommended for the new user and one should understand that there are problems associated with a hard drive install of Knoppix, particularly if you try to install more software or update your current software. Users are encouraged to look at a Debian ( www.debian.org ) install before trying to "install" Knoppix. If you have an old small hard drive, a large hard drive, or any drive other than a CD Rom drive that [[Knoppix]] was originally intended for, then you may want to look at some of these [[:Category: Hard drive Installation | Hard drive Installation]] pages.<br />
<br />
== Wiki Categories ==<br />
<br />
; [[:Special:Categories | Organized Content]] : As the wiki develops more of the content will be organized. Here's some sample pages that may help you get going with the wiki ---- [[:Category: Cheat Codes | Cheat Codes]] ---- [[:Category : FAQ Page | FAQ]] ---- [[:Category: Open Source Applications | Open Source Applications]] ---- [[:Category: Remastering Knoppix | Knoppix Remastering]] ---- [[:Category: Hard drive Installation | Hard drive Installation]] ---- [[:Category: Useful Linux Commands|Useful Linux Commands]] ---- [[:Category: Useful knoppix Commands|Useful Knoppix Commands]] ---- [[:Category: Bug Pages | Bug report pages]] ---- [[:Category: Page stubs | Page stubs that could use additional content]] ---- [[Quick Index]] ---- Any ideas would be welcomed. How are you looking for information relating to [[knoppix]]? <!-- Note the syntax here. Please see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Wikipedia:Wikiportal/Geography/Categories as an example --></div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/Main_PageMain Page2011-08-15T09:34:42Z<p>Clinton: </p>
<hr />
<div>{| cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" style="border-top: dashed 1px; border-bottom: dashed 1px;"<br />
|[[Downloading FAQ | Download]]||[[:Category : FAQ Page | FAQ]] || [[:Category: Bug Pages | Bug report pages]] || [[Knoppix Customizations]] || [[:Category: Remastering Knoppix | Knoppix Remastering]] || [[:Category: Hard drive Installation | Hard drive Installation]] || [[:Special:Categories | Organized Content]]<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
'''IMPORTANT NOTE: You are welcome to edit this wiki, but to prevent spam we've turned off automatic account creation. If you aren't already registered you need to first email the webmaster @ (this domain above) to request a user account. Thanks for understanding.<br />
'''<br />
== Welcome == <br />
Welcome to the Knoppix wiki. This wiki and other features found on [http://www.knoppix.net Knoppix.net] are all about [[Knoppix]]. [http://www.knoppix.net Knoppix.net] is a resource for users, developers, and testers of the live Knoppix CD. The official website for Knoppix is at [http://www.knopper.net/knoppix/index-en.html Klaus Knopper's website].<br />
<br />
[[Knoppix]] is a Free and Open Source [[LiveCD |Live Linux CD]] based on [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Debian Debian] [[GNU]]/[[Linux]]. [[LiveCD |Live Linux CD]] means that the computer [[Booting|boots]] and runs completely from cd. Nothing is installed on your hard drive in order for you to experience many of the [[:Category: Open Source Applications| Open Source software packages]] available. [[Knoppix]] includes recent [[Linux]] software and desktop environments, including such applications as [[Open Office | OpenOffice.org]], Abiword, [[Gimp]], Konqueror, Firefox, Apache, PHP, MySQL and hundreds of other quality open source programs. (See "[[complete list of packages included with Knoppix]]" for more information.) [http://www.knoppix.net Knoppix.net] allows you to look at the FAQ's and Documentation, participate in discussions on the forums, or just burn a copy of it and try it out! - You can download it ( CD or DVD size ISO files ) or buy it from a CD distributor, more info on the [http://www.knoppix.net/get.php download / buy page].<br />
<br />
The documentation found here is organized in several sections. The goal is to take you from the very beginning as you learn how to use [[Knoppix]] all the way to advanced applications of the [[LiveCD |Live Linux CD]].<br />
<br />
'''What this wiki is NOT''': This is not the place to post your questions about Knoppix. While there is a section to track bugs once they are well defined, please do not edit FAQs or other articles just to add a question without an answer. The [http://www.knoppix.net/forum/ Knoppix forum] is the proper place for asking for help from other Knoppix users. If you post questions in the wiki fewer people will see them and you will not get as many or as high quality of responses as in the forums. If you do post a question in the forums and get an informative response, consider enhancing the wiki by adding that information to the appropriate section (assuming it wasn't there already). <br />
== Downloading ==<br />
; [[Downloading FAQ | Download]] : A handy one-stop source of information about downloading, verifying, burning and booting a Knoppix CD or DVD is this wiki's [[Downloading FAQ]]. You may also want to review the wiki article on [[Bittorrent]]. If you do not wish to download and burn your own copy there are others who will sell you a copy of Knoppix. Buying it from our preferred supplier costs as little as $1.95 and earns us a small commission that helps pay for this site: [http://knoppix.net/buy.php Buy Knoppix on CD or DVD]. <br />
<br />
== FAQ ==<br />
<br />
; [[:Category : FAQ Page | FAQ]] : There are various [[:Category : FAQ Page | Frequently Asked Question]] pages available.<br />
<br />
== Bug Reports ==<br />
<br />
; [[:Category: Bug Pages | Bug report pages]] : If you have found a bug in Knoppix, you can report it on the Bug tracking site. However, some users have developed [[:Category: Bug Pages | bug report pages]] on this wiki that include work arounds to some of the problems with each release of [[Knoppix]].<br />
<br />
== Customizing == <br />
<br />
; [[Customizing FAQ | Customizing]] : After you have experimented with [[Knoppix]] for awhile you may want to customize it. Customizing may be as simple as using the [[:Category: Cheat Codes | Cheat Codes]] while [[booting]] the [[Knoppix]] CD. You may want to look at the [[Customizing FAQ]] or at some of the [[Knoppix Customisations | specialized Knoppix based Linux distributions]]. <br />
<br />
== Remastering == <br />
<br />
; [[:Category: Remastering Knoppix | Knoppix Remastering]] : If [[Customizing FAQ | customizing]] isn't meeting your needs, then there's information on [[Knoppix Remastering Howto | how to remaster Knoppix]]. Yes, remastering is one of the beautiful facts of Open Source software: You can take the software and remold it to how you see fit. There are translations available of the [[Knoppix Remastering Howto]] ---- [[Knoppix Remastering Howto Deutsch|Deutsch]] ---- [[Knoppix Remastering Howto French|French]] ---- [[Knoppix Remastering Howto Spanish|en español]] ---- [[Knoppix Remastering Howto Russian|Russian]] ---- [[Knoppix Remastering Howto Indonesian|Indonesian]].<br />
<br />
== Hard Drive Installation == <br />
<br />
; [[:Category: Hard drive Installation | Hard drive Installation]] : The main strength of [[Knoppix]] is its ability to be run from memory as a [[LiveCD |Live Linux CD]]. The advantage to this is that you can take the CD with you. However, some users have worked out how to install [[Knoppix]] on a hard drive. Hard drive install of Knoppix is not recommended for the new user and one should understand that there are problems associated with a hard drive install of Knoppix, particularly if you try to install more software or update your current software. Users are encouraged to look at a Debian ( www.debian.org ) install before trying to "install" Knoppix. If you have an old small hard drive, a large hard drive, or any drive other than a CD Rom drive that [[Knoppix]] was originally intended for, then you may want to look at some of these [[:Category: Hard drive Installation | Hard drive Installation]] pages.<br />
<br />
== Wiki Categories ==<br />
<br />
; [[:Special:Categories | Organized Content]] : As the wiki develops more of the content will be organized. Here's some sample pages that may help you get going with the wiki ---- [[:Category: Cheat Codes | Cheat Codes]] ---- [[:Category : FAQ Page | FAQ]] ---- [[:Category: Open Source Applications | Open Source Applications]] ---- [[:Category: Remastering Knoppix | Knoppix Remastering]] ---- [[:Category: Hard drive Installation | Hard drive Installation]] ---- [[:Category: Useful Linux Commands|Useful Linux Commands]] ---- [[:Category: Useful knoppix Commands|Useful Knoppix Commands]] ---- [[:Category: Bug Pages | Bug report pages]] ---- [[:Category: Page stubs | Page stubs that could use additional content]] ---- [[Quick Index]] ---- Any ideas would be welcomed. How are you looking for information relating to [[knoppix]]? <!-- Note the syntax here. Please see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Wikipedia:Wikiportal/Geography/Categories as an example --></div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/Main_PageMain Page2011-08-15T09:34:05Z<p>Clinton: </p>
<hr />
<div>{| cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" style="border-top: dashed 1px; border-bottom: dashed 1px;"<br />
|[[Downloading FAQ | Download]]||[[:Category : FAQ Page | FAQ]] || [[:Category: Bug Pages | Bug report pages]] || [[Knoppix Customizations]] || [[:Category: Remastering Knoppix | Knoppix Remastering]] || [[:Category: Hard drive Installation | Hard drive Installation]] || [[:Special:Categories | Organized Content]]<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
IMPORTANT NOTE: You are welcome to edit this wiki, but to prevent spam we've turned off automatic account creation. You need to first email the webmaster @ (this domain above) to request a user account. Thanks for understanding.<br />
<br />
== Welcome == <br />
Welcome to the Knoppix wiki. This wiki and other features found on [http://www.knoppix.net Knoppix.net] are all about [[Knoppix]]. [http://www.knoppix.net Knoppix.net] is a resource for users, developers, and testers of the live Knoppix CD. The official website for Knoppix is at [http://www.knopper.net/knoppix/index-en.html Klaus Knopper's website].<br />
<br />
[[Knoppix]] is a Free and Open Source [[LiveCD |Live Linux CD]] based on [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Debian Debian] [[GNU]]/[[Linux]]. [[LiveCD |Live Linux CD]] means that the computer [[Booting|boots]] and runs completely from cd. Nothing is installed on your hard drive in order for you to experience many of the [[:Category: Open Source Applications| Open Source software packages]] available. [[Knoppix]] includes recent [[Linux]] software and desktop environments, including such applications as [[Open Office | OpenOffice.org]], Abiword, [[Gimp]], Konqueror, Firefox, Apache, PHP, MySQL and hundreds of other quality open source programs. (See "[[complete list of packages included with Knoppix]]" for more information.) [http://www.knoppix.net Knoppix.net] allows you to look at the FAQ's and Documentation, participate in discussions on the forums, or just burn a copy of it and try it out! - You can download it ( CD or DVD size ISO files ) or buy it from a CD distributor, more info on the [http://www.knoppix.net/get.php download / buy page].<br />
<br />
The documentation found here is organized in several sections. The goal is to take you from the very beginning as you learn how to use [[Knoppix]] all the way to advanced applications of the [[LiveCD |Live Linux CD]].<br />
<br />
'''What this wiki is NOT''': This is not the place to post your questions about Knoppix. While there is a section to track bugs once they are well defined, please do not edit FAQs or other articles just to add a question without an answer. The [http://www.knoppix.net/forum/ Knoppix forum] is the proper place for asking for help from other Knoppix users. If you post questions in the wiki fewer people will see them and you will not get as many or as high quality of responses as in the forums. If you do post a question in the forums and get an informative response, consider enhancing the wiki by adding that information to the appropriate section (assuming it wasn't there already). <br />
== Downloading ==<br />
; [[Downloading FAQ | Download]] : A handy one-stop source of information about downloading, verifying, burning and booting a Knoppix CD or DVD is this wiki's [[Downloading FAQ]]. You may also want to review the wiki article on [[Bittorrent]]. If you do not wish to download and burn your own copy there are others who will sell you a copy of Knoppix. Buying it from our preferred supplier costs as little as $1.95 and earns us a small commission that helps pay for this site: [http://knoppix.net/buy.php Buy Knoppix on CD or DVD]. <br />
<br />
== FAQ ==<br />
<br />
; [[:Category : FAQ Page | FAQ]] : There are various [[:Category : FAQ Page | Frequently Asked Question]] pages available.<br />
<br />
== Bug Reports ==<br />
<br />
; [[:Category: Bug Pages | Bug report pages]] : If you have found a bug in Knoppix, you can report it on the Bug tracking site. However, some users have developed [[:Category: Bug Pages | bug report pages]] on this wiki that include work arounds to some of the problems with each release of [[Knoppix]].<br />
<br />
== Customizing == <br />
<br />
; [[Customizing FAQ | Customizing]] : After you have experimented with [[Knoppix]] for awhile you may want to customize it. Customizing may be as simple as using the [[:Category: Cheat Codes | Cheat Codes]] while [[booting]] the [[Knoppix]] CD. You may want to look at the [[Customizing FAQ]] or at some of the [[Knoppix Customisations | specialized Knoppix based Linux distributions]]. <br />
<br />
== Remastering == <br />
<br />
; [[:Category: Remastering Knoppix | Knoppix Remastering]] : If [[Customizing FAQ | customizing]] isn't meeting your needs, then there's information on [[Knoppix Remastering Howto | how to remaster Knoppix]]. Yes, remastering is one of the beautiful facts of Open Source software: You can take the software and remold it to how you see fit. There are translations available of the [[Knoppix Remastering Howto]] ---- [[Knoppix Remastering Howto Deutsch|Deutsch]] ---- [[Knoppix Remastering Howto French|French]] ---- [[Knoppix Remastering Howto Spanish|en español]] ---- [[Knoppix Remastering Howto Russian|Russian]] ---- [[Knoppix Remastering Howto Indonesian|Indonesian]].<br />
<br />
== Hard Drive Installation == <br />
<br />
; [[:Category: Hard drive Installation | Hard drive Installation]] : The main strength of [[Knoppix]] is its ability to be run from memory as a [[LiveCD |Live Linux CD]]. The advantage to this is that you can take the CD with you. However, some users have worked out how to install [[Knoppix]] on a hard drive. Hard drive install of Knoppix is not recommended for the new user and one should understand that there are problems associated with a hard drive install of Knoppix, particularly if you try to install more software or update your current software. Users are encouraged to look at a Debian ( www.debian.org ) install before trying to "install" Knoppix. If you have an old small hard drive, a large hard drive, or any drive other than a CD Rom drive that [[Knoppix]] was originally intended for, then you may want to look at some of these [[:Category: Hard drive Installation | Hard drive Installation]] pages.<br />
<br />
== Wiki Categories ==<br />
<br />
; [[:Special:Categories | Organized Content]] : As the wiki develops more of the content will be organized. Here's some sample pages that may help you get going with the wiki ---- [[:Category: Cheat Codes | Cheat Codes]] ---- [[:Category : FAQ Page | FAQ]] ---- [[:Category: Open Source Applications | Open Source Applications]] ---- [[:Category: Remastering Knoppix | Knoppix Remastering]] ---- [[:Category: Hard drive Installation | Hard drive Installation]] ---- [[:Category: Useful Linux Commands|Useful Linux Commands]] ---- [[:Category: Useful knoppix Commands|Useful Knoppix Commands]] ---- [[:Category: Bug Pages | Bug report pages]] ---- [[:Category: Page stubs | Page stubs that could use additional content]] ---- [[Quick Index]] ---- Any ideas would be welcomed. How are you looking for information relating to [[knoppix]]? <!-- Note the syntax here. Please see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Wikipedia:Wikiportal/Geography/Categories as an example --></div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/MkisofsMkisofs2011-08-04T15:03:23Z<p>Clinton: Reverted edits by JoeHyde (Talk); changed back to last version by Clinton</p>
<hr />
<div>The [[mkisofs]] tool is used for premastering iso9660 filesystems which are used on CD or DVD. The output of [[mkisofs]] can be used in two ways. One, a file can be created for later recording onto a blank CD media. Two, [[mkisofs]] and [[cdrecord]] can be chained together with a pipe. The output of [[mkisofs]] is then sent to a CDROM writer with a utility such as [[cdrtools]]<br />
<br />
*[http://www.itg.uiuc.edu/help/mkisofs/mkisofs.htm mkisofs main page]<br />
*[http://freshmeat.net/projects/mkisofs mkisofs freshmeat page]<br />
<br />
==-pad==<br />
Pad the end of the whole image by 150 sectors (300 kB). If the option -B is used, then there is a padding at the end of the iso9660 partition and before the beginning of the boot partitions. The size of this padding is chosen to make the first boot partition start on a sector number that is a multiple of 16.<br />
<br />
The padding is needed as many operating systems (e.g. Linux) implement read ahead bugs in their filesystem I/O. These bugs result in read errors on one or more files that are located at the end of a track. They are usually present when the CD is written in Track at Once mode or when the disk is written as mixed mode CD where an audio track follows the data track.<br />
<br />
To avoid problems with I/O error on the last file on the filesystem, the -pad option has been made the default.<br />
<br />
==-l==<br />
Allow full 31 character filenames. Normally the ISO9660 filename will be in an 8.3 format which is compatible with MS-DOS, even though the ISO9660 standard allows filenames of up to 31 characters. If you use this option, the disc may be difficult to use on a MS-DOS system, but this comes in handy on some other systems (such as the Amiga). Use with caution.<br />
<br />
==-r==<br />
This is like the -R option, but file ownership and modes are set to more useful values. The uid and gid are set to zero, because they are usually only useful on the author's system, and not useful to the client. All the file read bits are set true, so that files and directories are globally readable on the client. If any execute bit is set for a file, set all of the execute bits, so that executables are globally executable on the client. If any search bit is set for a directory, set all of the search bits, so that directories are globally searchable on the client. All write bits are cleared, because the CD-Rom will be mounted read-only in any case. If any of the special mode bits are set, clear them, because file locks are not useful on a read-only file system, and set-id bits are not desirable for uid 0 or gid 0. When used on Win32, the execute bit is set on all files. This is a result of the lack of file permissions on Win32 and the Cygwin POSIX emulation layer. See also -uid -gid, -dir-mode, -file-mode and -new-dir-mode.<br />
<br />
==-J==<br />
Generate Joliet directory records in addition to regular iso9660 file names. This is primarily useful when the discs are to be used on Windows-NT or Windows-95 machines. The Joliet filenames are specified in Unicode and each path component can be up to 64 Unicode characters long. Note that Joliet is no standard - CD's that use only Joliet extensions but no standard Rock Ridge extensions may usually only be used on Microsoft Win32 systems. Furthermore, the fact that the filenames are limited to 64 characters and the fact that Joliet uses the UTF-16 coding for Unicode characters causes interoperability problems.<br />
<br />
==-v==<br />
Verbose execution. If given twice on the command line, extra debug information will be printed.<br />
<br />
==-V==<br />
Specifies the volume ID (volume name or label) to be written into the master block. There is space on the disc for 32 characters of information. This parameter can also be set in the file .mkisofsrc with VOLI=id. If specified in both places, the command line version is used. Note that if you assign a volume ID, this is the name that will be used as the mount point used by the Solaris volume management system and the name that is assigned to the disc on a Microsoft Win32 or Apple Mac platform.<br />
<br />
==-no-emul-boot==<br />
Specifies that the boot image used to create "El Torito" bootable CDs is a 'no emulation' image. The system will load and execute this image without performing any disk emulation.<br />
<br />
==-boot-load-size==<br />
Specifies the number of "virtual" (512-byte) sectors to load in no-emulation mode. The default is to load the entire boot file. Some BIOSes may have problems if this is not a multiple of 4.<br />
<br />
==-boot-info-table==<br />
Specifies that a 56-byte table with information of the CD-ROM layout will be patched in at offset 8 in the boot file. If this option is given, the boot file is modified in the source filesystem, so make sure to make a copy if this file cannot be easily regenerated! See the EL TORITO BOOT INFO TABLE section for a description of this table.<br />
<br />
==-b==<br />
Specifies the path and filename of the boot image to be used when making an "El Torito" bootable CD. The pathname must be relative to the source path specified to mkisofs. This option is required to make an "El Torito" bootable CD. The boot image must be exactly the size of either a 1200, 1440, or a 2880 kB floppy, and mkisofs will use this size when creating the output iso9660 filesystem. It is assumed that the first 512 byte sector should be read from the boot image (it is essentially emulating a normal floppy drive). This will work, for example, if the boot image is a LILO based boot floppy.<br />
<br />
If the boot image is not an image of a floppy, you need to add one of the options: -hard-disk-boot or -no-emul-boot. If the system should not boot off the emulated disk, use -no-boot.<br />
<br />
If the -sort option has not been specified, the boot images are sorted with low priority (+2) to the beginning of the medium. If you don't like this, you need to specify a sort weight of 0 for the boot images.<br />
<br />
==-c==<br />
Specifies the path and filename of the boot catalog to be used when making an "El Torito" bootable CD. The pathname must be relative to the source path specified to mkisofs. This option is required to make a bootable CD. This file will be inserted into the output tree and not created in the source filesystem, so be sure the specified filename does not conflict with an existing file, as it will be excluded. Usually a name like "boot.catalog" is chosen.<br />
<br />
If the -sort option has not been specified, the boot catalog sorted with low priority (+1) to the beginning of the medium. If you don't like this, you need to specify a sort weight of 0 for the boot catalog.<br />
<br />
==-o==<br />
is the name of the file to which the iso9660 filesystem image should be written. This can be a disk file, a tape drive, or it can correspond directly to the device name of the optical disc writer. If not specified, stdout is used. Note that the output can also be a block special device for a regular disk drive, in which case the disk partition can be mounted and examined to ensure that the premastering was done correctly.<br />
<br />
==-R==<br />
<br />
==-publisher==<br />
Generate SUSP and RR records using the Rock Ridge protocol to further describe the files on the iso9660 filesystem.<br />
<br />
==-cache-inodes==<br />
Cache inode and device numbers to find hard links to files. If mkisofs finds a hard link (a file with multiple names), then the file will only appear once on the CD. This helps to save space on the CD. The option -cache-inodes is default on UNIX like operating systems. Be careful when using this option on a filesystem without unique inode numbers as it may result in files containing the wrong content on CD.<br />
<br />
==-no-bak==<br />
Do not include backup files files on the iso9660 filesystem. If the -no-bak option is specified, files that contain the characters '~' or '#' or end in '.bak' will not be included (these are typically backup files for editors under unix).<br />
<br />
==-hide-rr-moved==<br />
Rename the directory RR_MOVED to .rr_moved in the Rock Ridge tree. It seems to be impossible to completely hide the RR_MOVED directory from the Rock Ridge tree. This option only makes the visible tree better to understand for people who don't know what this directory is for. If you need to have no RR_MOVED directory at all, you should use the -D option. Note that in case that the -D option has been specified, the resulting filesystem is not ISO9660 level-1 compliant and will not be readable on MS-DOS. See also NOTES section for more information on the RR_MOVED directory.<br />
<br />
==-U==<br />
Allows "Untranslated" filenames, completely violating the iso9660 standards described above. Forces on the -d, -l, -N, -allow-leading-dots, -relaxed-filenames, -allow-lowercase, -allow-multidot and -no-iso-translate flags. It allows more than one '.' character in the filename, as well as mixed case filenames. This is useful on HP-UX system, where the built-in CDFS filesystem does not recognize ANY extensions. Use with extreme caution.<br />
<br />
{{page-stub}}<br />
[[Category:Useful Linux Commands]]</div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/MkisofsMkisofs2011-08-01T08:16:54Z<p>Clinton: Undo revision 9471 by EmmaFreeman (Talk)</p>
<hr />
<div>The [[mkisofs]] tool is used for premastering iso9660 filesystems which are used on CD or DVD. The output of [[mkisofs]] can be used in two ways. One, a file can be created for later recording onto a blank CD media. Two, [[mkisofs]] and [[cdrecord]] can be chained together with a pipe. The output of [[mkisofs]] is then sent to a CDROM writer with a utility such as [[cdrtools]]<br />
<br />
*[http://www.itg.uiuc.edu/help/mkisofs/mkisofs.htm mkisofs main page]<br />
*[http://freshmeat.net/projects/mkisofs mkisofs freshmeat page]<br />
<br />
==-pad==<br />
Pad the end of the whole image by 150 sectors (300 kB). If the option -B is used, then there is a padding at the end of the iso9660 partition and before the beginning of the boot partitions. The size of this padding is chosen to make the first boot partition start on a sector number that is a multiple of 16.<br />
<br />
The padding is needed as many operating systems (e.g. Linux) implement read ahead bugs in their filesystem I/O. These bugs result in read errors on one or more files that are located at the end of a track. They are usually present when the CD is written in Track at Once mode or when the disk is written as mixed mode CD where an audio track follows the data track.<br />
<br />
To avoid problems with I/O error on the last file on the filesystem, the -pad option has been made the default.<br />
<br />
==-l==<br />
Allow full 31 character filenames. Normally the ISO9660 filename will be in an 8.3 format which is compatible with MS-DOS, even though the ISO9660 standard allows filenames of up to 31 characters. If you use this option, the disc may be difficult to use on a MS-DOS system, but this comes in handy on some other systems (such as the Amiga). Use with caution.<br />
<br />
==-r==<br />
This is like the -R option, but file ownership and modes are set to more useful values. The uid and gid are set to zero, because they are usually only useful on the author's system, and not useful to the client. All the file read bits are set true, so that files and directories are globally readable on the client. If any execute bit is set for a file, set all of the execute bits, so that executables are globally executable on the client. If any search bit is set for a directory, set all of the search bits, so that directories are globally searchable on the client. All write bits are cleared, because the CD-Rom will be mounted read-only in any case. If any of the special mode bits are set, clear them, because file locks are not useful on a read-only file system, and set-id bits are not desirable for uid 0 or gid 0. When used on Win32, the execute bit is set on all files. This is a result of the lack of file permissions on Win32 and the Cygwin POSIX emulation layer. See also -uid -gid, -dir-mode, -file-mode and -new-dir-mode.<br />
<br />
==-J==<br />
Generate Joliet directory records in addition to regular iso9660 file names. This is primarily useful when the discs are to be used on Windows-NT or Windows-95 machines. The Joliet filenames are specified in Unicode and each path component can be up to 64 Unicode characters long. Note that Joliet is no standard - CD's that use only Joliet extensions but no standard Rock Ridge extensions may usually only be used on Microsoft Win32 systems. Furthermore, the fact that the filenames are limited to 64 characters and the fact that Joliet uses the UTF-16 coding for Unicode characters causes interoperability problems.<br />
<br />
==-v==<br />
Verbose execution. If given twice on the command line, extra debug information will be printed.<br />
<br />
==-V==<br />
Specifies the volume ID (volume name or label) to be written into the master block. There is space on the disc for 32 characters of information. This parameter can also be set in the file .mkisofsrc with VOLI=id. If specified in both places, the command line version is used. Note that if you assign a volume ID, this is the name that will be used as the mount point used by the Solaris volume management system and the name that is assigned to the disc on a Microsoft Win32 or Apple Mac platform.<br />
<br />
==-no-emul-boot==<br />
Specifies that the boot image used to create "El Torito" bootable CDs is a 'no emulation' image. The system will load and execute this image without performing any disk emulation.<br />
<br />
==-boot-load-size==<br />
Specifies the number of "virtual" (512-byte) sectors to load in no-emulation mode. The default is to load the entire boot file. Some BIOSes may have problems if this is not a multiple of 4.<br />
<br />
==-boot-info-table==<br />
Specifies that a 56-byte table with information of the CD-ROM layout will be patched in at offset 8 in the boot file. If this option is given, the boot file is modified in the source filesystem, so make sure to make a copy if this file cannot be easily regenerated! See the EL TORITO BOOT INFO TABLE section for a description of this table.<br />
<br />
==-b==<br />
Specifies the path and filename of the boot image to be used when making an "El Torito" bootable CD. The pathname must be relative to the source path specified to mkisofs. This option is required to make an "El Torito" bootable CD. The boot image must be exactly the size of either a 1200, 1440, or a 2880 kB floppy, and mkisofs will use this size when creating the output iso9660 filesystem. It is assumed that the first 512 byte sector should be read from the boot image (it is essentially emulating a normal floppy drive). This will work, for example, if the boot image is a LILO based boot floppy.<br />
<br />
If the boot image is not an image of a floppy, you need to add one of the options: -hard-disk-boot or -no-emul-boot. If the system should not boot off the emulated disk, use -no-boot.<br />
<br />
If the -sort option has not been specified, the boot images are sorted with low priority (+2) to the beginning of the medium. If you don't like this, you need to specify a sort weight of 0 for the boot images.<br />
<br />
==-c==<br />
Specifies the path and filename of the boot catalog to be used when making an "El Torito" bootable CD. The pathname must be relative to the source path specified to mkisofs. This option is required to make a bootable CD. This file will be inserted into the output tree and not created in the source filesystem, so be sure the specified filename does not conflict with an existing file, as it will be excluded. Usually a name like "boot.catalog" is chosen.<br />
<br />
If the -sort option has not been specified, the boot catalog sorted with low priority (+1) to the beginning of the medium. If you don't like this, you need to specify a sort weight of 0 for the boot catalog.<br />
<br />
==-o==<br />
is the name of the file to which the iso9660 filesystem image should be written. This can be a disk file, a tape drive, or it can correspond directly to the device name of the optical disc writer. If not specified, stdout is used. Note that the output can also be a block special device for a regular disk drive, in which case the disk partition can be mounted and examined to ensure that the premastering was done correctly.<br />
<br />
==-R==<br />
<br />
==-publisher==<br />
Generate SUSP and RR records using the Rock Ridge protocol to further describe the files on the iso9660 filesystem.<br />
<br />
==-cache-inodes==<br />
Cache inode and device numbers to find hard links to files. If mkisofs finds a hard link (a file with multiple names), then the file will only appear once on the CD. This helps to save space on the CD. The option -cache-inodes is default on UNIX like operating systems. Be careful when using this option on a filesystem without unique inode numbers as it may result in files containing the wrong content on CD.<br />
<br />
==-no-bak==<br />
Do not include backup files files on the iso9660 filesystem. If the -no-bak option is specified, files that contain the characters '~' or '#' or end in '.bak' will not be included (these are typically backup files for editors under unix).<br />
<br />
==-hide-rr-moved==<br />
Rename the directory RR_MOVED to .rr_moved in the Rock Ridge tree. It seems to be impossible to completely hide the RR_MOVED directory from the Rock Ridge tree. This option only makes the visible tree better to understand for people who don't know what this directory is for. If you need to have no RR_MOVED directory at all, you should use the -D option. Note that in case that the -D option has been specified, the resulting filesystem is not ISO9660 level-1 compliant and will not be readable on MS-DOS. See also NOTES section for more information on the RR_MOVED directory.<br />
<br />
==-U==<br />
Allows "Untranslated" filenames, completely violating the iso9660 standards described above. Forces on the -d, -l, -N, -allow-leading-dots, -relaxed-filenames, -allow-lowercase, -allow-multidot and -no-iso-translate flags. It allows more than one '.' character in the filename, as well as mixed case filenames. This is useful on HP-UX system, where the built-in CDFS filesystem does not recognize ANY extensions. Use with extreme caution.<br />
<br />
{{page-stub}}<br />
[[Category:Useful Linux Commands]]</div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/RootRoot2011-07-24T17:10:33Z<p>Clinton: Undo revision 9468 by BillyButcher (Talk)</p>
<hr />
<div>==== Q: What is the root password? ====<br />
<br />
A:<br />
<br />
'''Live CD:<br />
<br />
From the [[Using FAQ]] : there is none; in Knoppix LiveCD all passwords are locked by default.<br />
<br />
You can set root password by going Knoppix Menu->Root Shell and typing "'''passwd'''", then enterting a root password, also there are several sections you can read dealing with this subject in KNOPPIX/README_Security.txt. You can also type "'''sudo su'''" or "'''sudo -s'''" in any console window, or use <ctr>-<alt>-F2 to get at the text console with already opened root shell.<br />
<br />
Apparently, however, in some versions of Knoppix, if you type 'sudo -s', it will ask for a password. If you simply press return without entering anything, it will tell you 'Authentication Failed."<br />
<br />
'''Hard disk installation:<br />
Open a console window (monitor icon on taskbar) and use the command su then enter the root password.<br />
<br />
If you added a user but are unable to 'su' or 'sudo' once logged in as a user, you may not have set a 'root' password during the install process. Reboot with the KNOPPIX disc, mount the harddrive partition that contains your freshly installed KNOPPIX files:<br />
*For me it was<br />
**'''mount /dev/hda1<br />
*Change root to harddisk:<br />
**'''chroot /mnt/hda1<br />
*Then edit the sudoers file (not 'vi /etc/sudoers' because that's the OS in RAM)<br />
**'''visudo<br />
*For an easier editor use:<br />
**'''EDITOR=mcedit visudo<br />
*Then change the line:<br />
KNOPPIX ALL=NOPASSWD: ALL<br />
*to the username you have set up already, example:<br />
bob ALL=NOPASSWD: All<br />
*Reboot from your harddrive and then create the 'root' password:<br />
**'''sudo passwd<br />
*done<br />
<br />
<br />
*More information:<br />
<br />
See : [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Root_(computing) Root (computing) on wikipedia]<br />
<br />
==== Q: What is a root directory? ====<br />
<br />
A: See [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Root_directory Root directory on wikipedia]</div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/Knoppix_CustomizationsKnoppix Customizations2011-07-07T16:16:23Z<p>Clinton: Undo revision 9400 by Joyservice (Talk)</p>
<hr />
<div>Knoppix customizations that are available for download. These are unoffical knoppix modifications, that have changes such as reduced size, special media (like [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/keydrive USB keydrives]) and different languages.<br />
-----<br />
<br />
For function based LiveCD list, see: http://www.livecdlist.com/<br><br />
<br />
'''Rules''':<br><br />
1. This list is '''ONLY''' for Knoppix based LiveCD or LiveDVD<br><br />
This list is NOT for distros "based on Debian, but not based on Knoppix".<br><br />
2. New entry: '''please''' use the following format:<br><br />
*a. Name, Knoppix version, main function / focus, country.<br><br />
*b. Features.<br><br />
*c. Content: Kernel version, Desktop environments, list of main applications.<br><br />
*d. URL for Homepage, Download, Forum, Tutorial, Howto, Readme.<br><br />
*e. Latest version, size of ISO, type of media (USB, Mini CD, LiveDVD), platform/CPU.<br><br />
*f. Supported languages.<br><br />
*g. Status: active, dormant, alpha, beta.<br><br />
*h. Name of the author, credits.<br><br />
3. '''Alphabetized'''. Please keep additions in order separated by a horizontal rule (4 dashes).<br><br />
4. Please use '''English''' language, but you can add information using other languages.<br><br />
Thank you.<br />
-----<br />
<br />
= New Knoppix based LiveCD =<br />
== [http://www.stefanbongartz.de/kajonix Kajonix] ==<br />
Kajonix is a Microknoppix 6.0.1 based LiveCD to evaluate and test the Open Source Content Management System Kajona. Content: Kajona CMS, NetBeans for PHP to have a deep look on the source code of Kajona. To make space for the IDE a lot of programs have been removed, so it's still a CD-ISO.<br />
*Homepage: http://www.stefanbongartz.de/kajonix<br />
*Forum: http://board.kajona.de<br />
*Bugtracker: http://trace.kajona.de <br />
*Latest Version: V1.4 (11/2010)<br />
*Size: 613 MB, CD-ISO<br />
*Languages: English, German<br />
*Status: active<br />
-----<br />
== [http://kuliax.duniasemu.org Kuliax] ==<br />
Kuliax is a Debian/KNOPPIX-based LiveCD for University Education, especially in Indonesia.<br><br />
*Homepage: http://kuliax.duniasemu.org<br />
*Download: http://kuliax.duniasemu.org/download.html<br />
*Size: 693 MB<br />
*Version: 6.0<br />
*Language: '''English'''<br />
*Author: Kuliax Project<br />
-----<br />
<br />
== [http://www.mepis.org/ MEPIS] ==<br />
Mepis is a LiveCD set (2 CD), based on Knoppix.<br><br />
Feature: automatic hard disk installer.<br />
*Homepage: http://www.mepis.org/<br />
*Download: ftp://ftp.ibiblio.org/pub/linux/distributions/mepis<br />
*Size: 2 ISO CD.<br />
-----<br />
== [http://www.tina-vision.net TiNA Knoppix] ==<br />
TiNA Knoppix is a Knoppix based live CD designed for machine vision and image analysis researchers. <br><br />
Features: the University of Manchester's TiNA open-source machine vision libraries and archive of <br />
our published papers and in-house memos on machine vision, medical image analysis and statistics. <br><br />
* Homepage: http://www.tina-vision.net<br />
* Download: http://www.tina-vision.net/tina-knoppix/iso<br />
* Latest version: 3.0.0 (based on Knoppix 6.4.3)<br />
* Size: 659 MB<br />
* Langauge: English<br />
* Author: Dr. Paul A. Bromiley<br />
-----<br />
== [http://www.watchocr.com WatchOCR] ==<br />
WatchOCR is a Knoppix 6.2 based LiveCD that makes it easy to set up an OCR server for making text searchable pdfs.<br><br />
*Using web controls, watched folders can be configured to process images with cuneiform OCR.<br><br />
*Homepage: http://www.watchocr.com<br><br />
*Download: http://www.watchocr.com/download.html<br><br />
*Forum: http://www.watchocr.com/forum<br><br />
*Howto: http://www.watchocr.com/Howto.html<br><br />
*Latest version: v0.4.2<br><br />
*ISO: 650MB LiveCD i686.<br><br />
*Languages: English<br><br />
<br />
= Very old stuff =<br />
== [http://www.damnsmalllinux.org Damn Small Linux] ==<br />
Damn Small Linux is a Knoppix based Mini LiveCD for everyday use.<br />
Content: Browser: Dillo, FireFox, Word Processor: Siag, Email: Sylpheed,<br />
Picture Viewer: Xzgv, File Manager: emelFM, Window Manager: Flux Box,<br />
Text Editor: Nedit, Spreadsheet: Siag, Music: XMMS, mp321, ogg123,<br />
nVi (enhanced Vi), tinyIRC, XCalc, Ispell (US-EN), ssh, sshd,<br />
Zile (EMACS clone), Xpacman (Pacman game), Sqlite (SQL database), xpdf. <br><br />
*Homepage: http://www.damnsmalllinux.org/<br />
*Download: http://www.damnsmalllinux.org/download.html<br />
*Forum: http://damnsmalllinux.org/cgi-bin/forums/ikonboard.cgi<br />
*Latest version: 4.4.4, 2008-08-10<br />
c85ef251462ce1a694e5243c4cc563b5 dsl-4.4.4.iso<br />
*Size: 49 MB, fits into '''business card''' size CD-ROM<br />
*Author: Robert Shingledecker, John Andrews.<br />
-----<br />
<br />
<br />
== [http://featherlinux.berlios.de/ Feather Linux] ==<br />
<br />
This appears to be a discontinued project. There do not seem to be dates anywhere on the website apart from in the the forum (it wasn't an exhaustive search) particularly not in the CHANGELOG which would be the appropriate place, so it's hard to see when it dates from. It does mention the [http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.4/ 2.4.27 kernel] which dates from Aug 7th, 2004, so it could be over 4 years old now. The FTP download links to the CD-ROM ISO file and the USB drive .zip file give 550 errors ("access denied")<br />
*Homepage: http://featherlinux.berlios.de/<br />
*Download CDROM-Distro: (dead link)<br />
*MD5Sum CDROM-Distro: a4e7f83ec3013565da08c5b6377c0e8a feather-0.7.3.1.iso<br />
*Download USB-Distro: ftp://ftp.berlios.de/pub/featherlinux/feather-0.7.3.1-usb.zip (link now dead)<br />
*MD5Sum USB-Distro: 17b01cc54e4a304cb1c30098aa6c8192 feather-0.7.3.1-usb.zip<br />
*Forum: http://featherlinux.berlios.de/phpBB2/index.php<br />
*Latest version: 0.7.5, Nov 2005. Prev: 0.7.4 Feb 2005<br />
*Size: 121 MB, fits into '''business card''' size CD-ROM<br />
*Author: <br />
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<br />
== [http://www.sourcepole.com/sources/software/gis-knoppix/ GIS-Knoppix] ==<br />
GIS Knoppix is a Knoppix based LiveCD with focus on '''Geographic Information Systems''' software.<br><br />
*Homepage http://www.sourcepole.com/sources/software/gis-knoppix/<br />
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== [http://www.agnix.org GNIX-Vivo] ==<br />
GNIX-Vivo is a Morphix-0.4.1d based Live CD from '''Galicia, Spain'''.<br><br />
Content: KDE-3.2.2, [[Open Office]] version 1.1.1 galician, Evolution-1.4,<br><br />
Browser: Mozilla-1.6, Mozilla-Firefox-0.8, E-mail: Mozilla Thunderbird,<br><br />
Videoconference: Gnomemeeting-1.0, IM: Kopete, K3b, Mplayer, Xine, games.<br><br />
*Homepage: http://www.agnix.org<br />
*Download: http://www.agnix.org/index.php?option=com_docman&task=down&bid=35<br />
*Latest version: 0''8''18<br />
*Size: 552 MB<br />
*MD5Sum: 5669fedff9bad5a00acab779309ab839<br />
*Language: '''Spanish''', '''Galician'''<br />
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<br />
== [http://www.e-fense.com/helix Helix] ==<br />
Helix is a Knoppix based LiveCD and '''Rescue''' CD wtih focus on '''Incident Response''' and '''Forensics'''.<br><br />
* homepage: http://www.e-fense.com/helix<br />
* forum: e-fense.com/helix/forum (dead link)<br />
* Language: '''English''' and '''German'''<br />
* Version 1.9a 07-13-2007, 701MB. Previous 10-06-06<br />
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<br />
== [http://knoppel.sourceforge.net/ KNOPPEL. Knoppix in Greek Language] ==<br />
A customized Knoppix for supporting, read, write and "speak" '''Greek''' language.<br />
* Homepage: http://knoppel.sourceforge.net/<br />
* Language: '''Greek''' as primary language but support English as well with (lang=en).<br />
* Current version 0.8 (12 / Feb / 07).<br />
* Synchronization with the 5.1.1 version of Knoppix.<br />
* Upgrade to the current version of Debian etch.<br />
* kernel 2.6.19.1 + fuse 2.6.1<br />
* New improved version of Cloop.<br />
* UNIONFS replace the AUFS for greater stability.<br />
* Current version of the KDE 3.5.5 Debian etch.<br />
* Openoffice 2.0.4 with Greek spellcheck.<br />
* Xorg current version of the Debian etch<br />
* FreeNX 0.2.5 (from Fabian Franz).<br />
* Replace Firefox with Iceweasel.<br />
* ntfs-3g for best record in NTFS disks.<br />
* Integration of beryl for three-dimensional graphical environment (To activate start Knoppel with knoppix desktop = beryl).<br />
* Replace with xmms amarok to play music.<br />
* Replace xmms with kaffeine to play video.<br />
* Add the Clam Antivirus with the graphic Klamav.<br />
* Frozen bubble upgrade to version 2 and played online.<br />
* Add the konserve to easily create backup.<br />
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<br />
== [http://julexlinux.sourceforge.net Julex] ==<br />
Julex is a knoppix based LiveCD and Rescue CD distro. <br><br />
Feature: support for NTFS, lightweight, suitable for older computers.<br><br />
Julex is designed for getting files back from a dead windows installation. <br><br />
User can save the recovered files to CD or send it to other computers.<br><br />
Julex can be used for quick recovery and browse online to get help.<br><br />
*Homepage http://julexlinux.sourceforge.net/<br />
*Download http://julexlinux.sourceforge.net/download.html<br />
*Latest version: JULEX0.5.2.26<br />
*Size: Small, less than 120 MB<br />
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== [http://www.k-demar.org K-DEMar] ==<br />
K-DEMar is a Knoppix 3.7 based LiveCD from '''Spain'''.<br><br />
Feature: DivX, aMule, Azureus, mount of HD in readwrite mode, MyPC icon on desktop, Xine, KDE, aMSN, OpenOffice<br><br />
CADI: python based graphical wizard to configure the system<br />
*Homepage: http://www.k-demar.org<br />
*Download: http://www.k-demar.org/index.php?option=com_remository&Itemid=55<br />
*Language: '''Catalan''', '''Spanish'''. and '''English'''<br />
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<br />
== [http://cerlab.hpcf.upr.edu/Knochem.html KNOCHEM] ==<br />
Knochem is for '''biochemistry, chemical education and computational chemistry'''. <br><br />
Based on KNOPPIX DVD 5.3.1<br />
Content:<br><br />
Avogadro, Autodock, Babel, BKchem, ChemCalc, Chemnomparse, CN3D, Easychem, fityk-2, Gabedit,<br><br />
GChemPaint, GElemental, Ghemical, Gnome Crystal, Kalzium, Lennard Jones Gas Simulation, GIMP, MPQC,<br><br />
NJPlot, Open Babel, Octave, PSI3, PyMOL, Rasmol, Raster3D, SMILE,<br><br />
Openmol, Polyxmass, Pymol, Pyvib2, Viewmol, XCOmbust, Xmakemol, XDrawChem, OpenOffice.org, .<br><br />
*Homepage: http://cerlab.hpcf.upr.edu/<br />
*Download: http://cerlab.hpcf.upr.edu/Knochem.html<br />
*Size: 3.2 GB.<br />
*Country: Puerto Rico<br />
*Language: '''English'''<br />
*Authors: Kariluz Davila, Jose R. Ortiz Ubarri<br />
<br />
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== [http://knopils.linux.it knop ILS] ==<br />
knopILS (KNOPPIX and ILS) is a Knoppix based LiveCD.<br><br />
Feature: Packages from '''Free Tree''' of GNU/Linux. The boot prompt, F2 help prompt, default keyboard, default language: all '''Italian'''<br />
*Homepage http://knopils.linux.it/<br />
*Download http://ftp.linux.it/pub/knopils/<br />
*Language: '''Italian'''<br />
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<br />
== [http://knoppixko.kldp.net/ Knoppix Ko] ==<br />
Knoppix Korean Edition based on knoppix 4.0.2<br />
*Project Homepage : http://knoppixko.kldp.net/<br />
*ISO image Download : [ftp://ftp.kr.freebsd.org/pub/users/tcheun/Knoppix-V4.0.2-2005-12-04-KO.iso]<br />
*Language: '''Korean'''<br />
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<br />
== [http://www.knoppix-math.org/ KNOPPIX/Math] ==<br />
KNOPPIX/Math is a KNOPPIX-jp based LiveCD from Japan with focus on<br />
'''Mathematical''' applications.<br><br />
*Content: Computer Algebra Systems and Visualization tools and TeX<br />
*Homepage: http://www.knoppix-math.org/<br />
*Download: [http://geom.math.metro-u.ac.jp/wiki/index.php?%5B%5BKNOPPIX%2FMath%2FEnglish%2FDownload%5D%5D KNOPPIX/Math/English/Download]<br />
*Version: 20051115<br />
*Language: '''Japanese''' and '''English''' and '''Korean'''<br />
*Author: KNOPPIX/Math Project<br />
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<br />
== [http://mysettopbox.tv/knoppmyth.html Knopp Myth] ==<br />
[[Knopp Myth]] is a Knoppix based LiveCD with MythTV software. <br><br />
Feature: transform PC into '''set-top box''' (record programs, rewind/pause live tv).<br><br />
*Homepage: http://mysettopbox.tv/knoppmyth.html<br />
----<br />
== [http://www.knoppix-es.org KNOPPIX-ES] ==<br />
Knoppix ES is a Knoppix based LiveCD from Spain (Knoppix en español). <br><br />
*Homepage and Download: http://www.knoppix-es.org<br />
*Changes from KNOPPIX: ftp://ftp.gui.uva.es/pub/ISOS/knoppix-spanish/KNOPPIX_V3.7-2004-12-08-ES-151204.leeme.txt<br />
*Language: '''Spanish'''<br />
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<br />
== [http://freshmeat.net/releases/108911/ Knoppi XMAME] ==<br />
KnoppiXMAME is a Knoppix based arcade machine emulator.<br><br />
Content: X-MAME, and gxmame.<br><br />
*Homepage http://freshmeat.net/releases/108911/<br />
* Download http://freshmeat.net/projects/knoppixmame/<br />
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<br />
== [http://sslmit.unibo.it/~baroni/welcome_to_knorpora.html Knorpora] ==<br />
Knorpora is a Knoppix based LiveCD with focus on '''Corpus-based computational linguistics'''.<br><br />
*Homepage: http://sslmit.unibo.it/~baroni/welcome_to_knorpora.html<br />
*Download: http://sslmit.unibo.it/~baroni/knorpora_pages/knorpora.html<br />
*Contents: http://sslmit.unibo.it/~baroni/knorpora_pages/knorpora_software.html<br />
*Version 1.0<br />
*Author: Marco Baroni<br />
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== [http://knopsterisk.com/ Knopsterisk] ==<br />
Knopsterisk is Knoppix based LiveCD with '''Asterisk''' (open source PBX). <br><br />
Asterisk: transform regular PC into a phone switch and VoIP gateway.<br><br />
Feature: '''auto attendant''', '''voicemail''', '''music on hold''', '''answering machine'''.<br><br />
*Homepage: http://knopsterisk.com/<br />
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<br />
== [http://lamppix.tinowagner.com/ LAMPPIX] ==<br />
LAMPPIX is a KNOPPIX based Live CD with '''XAMPP web server'''. <br><br />
<span style="color:red">latest version is from (2004-08-31) (as of 4/2008)</span><br><br />
User can burn PHP based web projects into a CD.<br><br />
*Homepage: http://lamppix.tinowagner.com/<br />
*Download: http://www.ibiblio.org/pub/linux/distributions/lamppix/<br />
*Latest version 1.1 (June 2004, mini version Aug 2004). This note updated Jan 2008<br />
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<br />
== [http://www.llgp.org Linux Live Game Project (LLGP)] ==<br />
LLGP is a Knoppix based distro with various games.<br><br />
It contains deep changes in Knoppix startup scripts. It's completely based on hotplug and udev; kudzu was removed.<br><br />
Features: KDE 3.3 with Plastik theme and Nuvola icons, kernel 2.6.10, Nvidia drivers, TORCS, Wesnoth, SuperTux, TuxRacer and much more!<br><br />
*Homepage: http://www.llgp.org<br />
*Download: http://www.llgp.org/pub/current<br />
*Download torrent: http://www.tlm-project.org/torrents/llgp/llgp-0.1pre0.iso.torrent<br />
*Latest version: 0.1pre0<br />
*Language: '''English''' and '''Italian'''<br />
*Forum: http://tuxgamers.altervista.org/forum/<br />
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== [http://www.flagar.com/en/software/linux/lm_minicd Linux Magazine mini CD 1.0 and 2.0] ==<br />
Customized KNOPPIX bundled with Linux Magazine (from Edizioni Master).<br><br />
Version 1.0: (number 35 - November 2003):<br><br />
''KDE 3.1.3'', ''Mozilla Firebird 0.6'', ''The GIMP 1.3.19'', ''Abiword 1.99.5'',<br><br />
''Gnumeric 1.1.9'', ''Scribus 1.0'', ''MySQL'', ''MySQLcc'', ''Gaim'', ''KMail'', <br><br />
''Konqueror'', ''gFTP'', ''K3B'', ''MPlayer'' and ''KPlayer'', ''Sodipodi''. <br><br />
Version 2.0: (number 38 - February 2004): <br><br />
additional software: ''GNOME 2.4'', ''Mozilla 1.6'', ''Evolution 1.4'', ''Totem 0.99.8''.<br><br />
*Homepage: http://www.flagar.com/en/software/linux/lm_minicd (English),<br />
*Homepage: http://www.flagar.com/it/software/linux/lm_minicd (Italian),<br />
*Homepage: http://www.flagar.com, http://www.edmaster.it<br />
*Size: 183 MB (V. 1.0).<br />
*Language: '''Italian'''<br />
*Author: Flavio Gargiulo<br />
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<br />
== [http://www.zope.org/ Live Zope] ==<br />
Live Zope is a Knoppix based [[LiveCD]] with '''ZOPE web application server'''.<br><br />
<span style="color:red">latest version is from (2003-08-27) (as of 4/2008)</span><br><br />
Content: Zope-2.6.2b5, Python, Transactional object database. CAS, 3D<br><br />
Database feature: store content, custom data, dynamic HTML templates, scripts, a search engine, and Relational Database connections, code, and import/export (MySQL, PostgreSQL,<br />
Gadfly). 3D packages: Blender, VPython.<br><br />
CAS: Octave, Maxima, R, gnuplot, QCL, graphviz, GCL, rlab<br><br />
Scientific document editor: Te Xmacs that can easily make technique documents with embedding output from CAS (various output format, postscript, pdf, html).<br><br />
*Homepage: http://www.zope.org/Members/cchuang/Live%20Zope%20on%20Knoppix%20Linux%20CDROM<br />
*Download ftp://ftp.texmacs.org/pub/TeXmacs/knoppix/<br />
*Version: Live Zope-0.1<br />
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<br />
== [http://www.lnx-bbc.org/ LNX-BBC] ==<br />
The LNX-BBC is a mini Linux '''Rescue CD''' and LiveCD.<br><br />
Feature: rescue, intrusion post-mortems, temporary workstation.<br><br />
*Homepage: http://lnx-bbc.com/<br />
*Download: http://lnx-bbc.com/download.html<br />
*Size: small, fits into business card sized CD-ROM.<br />
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<br />
== [http://luitlinux.sarovar.org Luit Linux] ==<br />
Luit Linux is a Knoppix based LiveCD.<br />
Content: XFCE4, Abiword, ROX.<br />
*Homepage : http://luitlinux.sarovar.org<br />
*Size: '''Small''', 50 MB<br />
------<br />
<br />
== [http://miolux.codigolivre.org.br Miolux Linux] ==<br />
Miolux is a Knoppix based LiveCD from '''Brazil'''. <br><br />
*Homepage: http://miolux.codigolivre.org.br<br />
*Language: '''Portuguese'''<br />
*Author: Vilson Cristiano Ga:rtner<br />
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== [http://www.morphix.org Morphix] ==<br />
Morphix is a Knoppix-based Modular LiveCD distro designed to be easily modified and written to a new CD by the user. <br><br />
Morphix can be modified using CD-RW Multisession.<br><br />
Content: Boot-selection, GTK-based installer<br><br />
*Homepage: http://www.morphix.org<br />
*Download: http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group''id=71814&package''id=71562&release_id=170724<br />
*Size: 430 MB (Game, Icewm), 420 MB (Gnome or KDE 3.1)<br />
*Size: 180 MB (Icewm), 24 MB (Bare/without GUI).<br />
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<br />
== [http://morphix-nlp.berlios.de/ Morphix-NLP] ==<br />
Morphix-NLP is a Morphix based LiveCD with focus on '''Natural Language Processing'''.<br><br />
Content: collection of natural language processing applications.<br><br />
*Homepage: http://morphix-nlp.berlios.de/<br />
*Download: http://download.berlios.de/morphix-nlp/<br />
*Latest version: 1.1<br />
*Size: 448 MB.<br />
*MD5Sum: f0ae2e59e8cd724ace247eb07661d0f<br />
*Author: Zhang Le<br />
*Latest version: 1.1 (2003). This note updated Jan 2008<br />
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<br />
== [http://www.musix.org.ar/ Musix GNU+Linux] ==<br />
Musix is a 100% Free Operating system intended for musicians and all kind of users. It contains an enormous collection of free programs.<br><br />
Content: Ardour, Rosegarden, Hydrogen, Qsynth.<br><br />
*Homepage: http://www.musix.org.ar/<br />
*Latest version: 1.0<br />
*Size: 700 MB.<br />
*Supported languages: Spanish, Galician, Catalan, Basque, English, Portuguese, French, Italian, Polish, Finnish.<br><br />
*Status: active.<br><br />
*Author: [http://www.musix.org.ar/en/acerca-de-nosotros.html Musix Team]<br />
*Latest version: 1.0 R3 (2008-4-6). This note updated April 2008<br />
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<br />
== [http://www.niode.nl/ NIOde] ==<br />
NIOde is a Knoppix based LiveCD for the Dutch Olympiad Of Informatics. <br><br />
See: informaticaolympiade.nl/ (dead link)<br />
Feature: Without compression or big desktop environment.<br><br />
*Homepage: http://www.niode.nl/<br />
*Language: '''Dutch'''<br />
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== [http://www.networkmultimedia.org/Status/NMM-Oppix/index.html NMM-Oppix] ==<br />
[[NMM-Oppix]] is a KNOPPIX-based Live-CD and includes the [http://www.networkmultimedia.org/NMM/index.html Network-Integrated Multimedia Middleware (NMM)] binaries developed by the Computer Graphic Labs of the University of Saarland.<br />
* Homepage: http://www.networkmultimedia.org/Status/NMM-Oppix/index.html<br />
* Version: Beta 2 (release 2005-04-14)<br />
* Size: 692.998 KB<br />
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== [http://www.opengroupware.org/en/knoppix/index.html Open Groupware Knoppix] ==<br />
Open Groupware Knoppix is a LiveCD based on Knoppix 3.2.<br />
<br />
Content: [http://www.skyrix.com Open Groupware] (formerly known as Skyrix).<br />
<br />
*Homepage http://www.linet-services.de/knoppix_cds.html<br />
*Language: '''German'''<br />
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<br />
== [http://linux.dell.com/files/openmanage-contributions/omsa-knoppix/ OMSA Knoppix] ==<br />
OMSA Knoppix is a Knoppix 3.4 based LiveCD with '''Dell''' [[Open Manage]].<br><br />
Content: Dell's [[Open Manage]], KDE, [http://www.datasol.org/recovery-solutions.php recovery tools]. <br><br />
*Homepage: http://linux.dell.com/files/openmanage-contributions/omsa-knoppix/omsa_knoppix.txt<br />
*Download: http://linux.dell.com/files/openmanage-contributions/omsa-knoppix<br />
*Size: 614 MB and 300 MB.<br />
*MD5Sum: 8ddd5754a2f74d92c7138eaa5a06d89c omsa''knoppix''614 MB<br />
*MD5Sum: 6fe842aa50ce4a8e0bd863d979539af3 omsa''knoppix''300 MB<br />
*Language: '''German''', '''English'''<br />
*Author: Sven Hergenhahn<br />
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<br />
== [http://www.oss-watch.ac.uk/resources/osswatchknoppix.xml OSS Watch Knoppix] ==<br />
OSS Watch Knoppix is a liveCD based on Knoppix 3.6.<br><br />
Content: Apache, PHP, Tomcat, PostgreSQL, live Moodle, Bodington VLE,<br><br />
XML writer and delivery tools. See http://www.tei-c.org <br><br />
*Homepage: http://www.oss-watch.ac.uk/resources/osswatchknoppix.xml<br />
*Download: http://www.oss-watch.ac.uk/downloads<br />
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<br />
== [http://dirk.eddelbuettel.com/quantian.html Quantian] ==<br />
Quantian is a Cluster Knoppix based LiveCD with focus on '''quantitative, numerical, scientific''' applications. <br><br />
Content: openMosix, R (CRAN packages), Octave (incl. add-on packages),<br><br />
Gambit,Gap, GiNaC, GMT, Grace, Gri, GSL, Kile, Latex, Lyx, Maxima, OpenDX, Pari, PDL, PSPP, Quantlib, Texmacs, Xlisp-stat, Yacas, and Yorick.<br><br />
<br />
*Homepage: http://dirk.eddelbuettel.com/quantian.html<br />
*Latest version: 0.7.9.2, 26 February 2006. This note updated Jan 2008.<br />
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<br />
== [http://pyrorobotics.org/pyro/?page=PyroLiveCD Robotics Knoppix] ==<br />
Compilation of some of the more popular '''robotics software and simulators'''.<br><br />
Content: Player, Stage, Gazebo, Pyro Robotics, and Khepera simulator.<br><br />
Control system in Python for programming simulated robots, (incl. Open GL).<br><br />
*Homepage: http://pyrorobotics.org/pyro/?page=PyroLiveCD<br />
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<br />
== [http://www.umftgm.ro/roslims/ ROSLIMS] ==<br />
ROSLIMS 1.2 (Romanian Simple Linux for Medical Students) is a Knoppix 3.8.1 based LiveCD with focus on '''Medical''' software for students and acting as an educational platform.<br><br />
Content: Medical Reference: Pybliographer, Medline Query Interface,<br><br />
molecule editors:XDrawChem,Chem Tool, Abi Word (text editor),<br><br />
truetype fonts with Eastern European character support, (KDE 3.3.2)<br><br />
72 pages tutorial in Romanian Language.<br><br />
*Homepage: http://www.umftgm.ro/roslims/<br />
*Download1: http://ftp.linux360.ro/distributii/roslims/<br />
*Download2: roslims.tg-mures.roedu.net:8080/ (dead link) (a faster connection via RoEduNet)<br />
*Tutorial:http://ftp.linux360.ro/distributii/roslims/tutorialKnop34.pdf<br />
*Language: '''Romanian''' and '''English'''<br />
*Author: Dr. Marius Stefan MARUSTERI, ro_knoppix '''AT''' umftgm '''DOT''' ro<br />
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== [http://www.skolelinux.no/ Skole KNOPPIX] ==<br />
Based on the Skolelinux project.<br />
*Homepage: http://www.skolelinux.no/<br />
*Download: ftp://ftp.skolelinux.no/skolelinux/knoppixes/skoleknoppix/<br />
*Download: ftp://ftp.nvg.ntnu.no/pub/linux/skoleknoppix/<br />
*Language: '''Norwegian'''.<br />
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<br />
== [http://www.skolelinux.org/~conrad/snofrix.html Snøfrix] ==<br />
Emphasis on education, entertainment, and multimedia. Many games included.<br />
*Content: http://www.skolelinux.org/~conrad/snofrix/html/us/programs.html<br />
*Homepage: http://www.skolelinux.org/~conrad/snofrix.html<br />
*Download: http://www.skolelinux.org/~conrad/snofrix/html/us/download.html<br />
*Language: Multiple CD images, with most European languages<br />
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<br />
== [http://www.slynux.co.nr SLYNUX] ==<br />
SLYNUX is a User friendly GNU/Linux LiveCD from Kerala, India.<br><br />
This can also be installed to hard disk using simple steps. <br><br />
*Homepage: http://www.slynux.co.nr<br />
*Status: Anyone can help me for further developments... <br><br />
*Contacts: sarathlakshman@gmail.com<br />
*Language: '''English''', '''Malayalam'''<br />
-----<br />
== [http://sourceforge.net/projects/texnix/ TeXnix] ==<br />
TeXnix is a Knoppix-Live-CD without the package openoffice-de-en, but instead with a lot of Latex-packages (based on texlive).<br />
For example: texlive, tex-common, texlive-base, texlive-base-bin, texlive-common, texlive-doc-base, texlive-fonts-recommended, texlive-latex-base, texlive-latex-recommended, latex-beamer, latex-xcolor, preview-latex-style, texlive-generic-recommended, texlive-lang-german, texlive-latex-extra, texlive-pictures, texlive-pstricks and so on...<br />
*Download: http://sourceforge.net/projects/texnix/<br />
*Latest Version: 1.1.5<br />
*Language: German<br />
*Status: active<br />
*License: GPL<br />
*Author: ETTER EDV- und IT-Dienstleistungen<br />
-----<br />
<br />
== [http://home.iae.nl/users/reinc/dxpedition_disk.html TLF-Morphix] ==<br />
TLF-Morphix is a Morphix based LiveCD with focus on '''Ham Radio'''.<br><br />
Feature: a combination of LiveCD, TLF, and USB keys / pendisk.<br><br />
See: [http://www.iae.nl/users/reinc/TLF-0.2.html TLF].<br><br />
Content: TLF-0.9.13, cwdaemon-0.8, KDE 3.1, ax25-apps''0.0.6-4, ax25-tools''0.0.8-4.1,<br />
ftpd''0.17-16, netcat''1.10-23, tcpdump''3.7.2-2, xconvers''0.8.2, xdx, xconvers,<br />
hamlib1''1.1.4, libax25''0.0.11-2, driver for wireless cards (802.11b).<br />
*Homepage: http://home.iae.nl/users/reinc/dxpedition_disk.html<br />
*Download: http://www.wwns.com/tlf/tlf-morphix/<br />
*Latest Version: 0.20.live, and 0.20.USB (fits inside USB keys)<br />
*Size: 397 MB (LiveCD), 1.45 MB (USB)<br />
*Language: '''Dutch''' and '''English'''<br />
*Author: Rein Couperus<br />
-----<br />
== [http://www.markpreston.co.uk Toophpix] ==<br />
Based on Knoppix 3.3. with some added files, a LAMP server, and modifiable form templates for dentists. By loading a MySQL database into RAM it allows users to enter data. The input patient details can then be saved to, and restored from, USB sticks or floppy disks by clicking desktop icons. United Kingdom based distro. <br />
*Latest Version: 0412<br />
*Introduction and Screenshots<br><br />
http://truth.positive-internet.com/~mpreston/tp/tp0412intro.html<br><br />
*Download: http://truth.positive-internet.com/~mpreston/toophpix0412.iso<br />
*md5sum http://truth.positive-internet.com/~mpreston/toophpix0412.iso.md5<br />
*Size: 718 MB<br />
You might find the following commands useful as well to burn the CD to a<br />
700 MB disc under Linux:<br><br />
cdrecord -scanbus<br><br />
cdrecord -overburn dev=0,0,0 toophpix0412.iso<br><br />
the three numbers (0,0,0) are those returned from the scanbus command.<br />
*Language: English<br />
*Author: Mark Preston<br />
-----<br />
<br />
== [http://www.vigyaancd.org/ Vigyaan CD] ==<br />
VigyaanCD is suitable for '''bioinformatics, computational biology and computational chemistry'''. <br><br />
Content:<br><br />
Artemis, Bioperl, BLAST (NCBI-tools), ClustalX, Cn3D, EMBOSS tools, Garlic,<br><br />
GROMACS, Ghemical, GNU R, Gnuplot, GIMP, Image Magick, JMol, MPQC,<br><br />
NJPlot, Open Babel, Octave, PSI3, PyMOL, Rasmol, Raster3D, SMILE,<br><br />
TINKER, XDrawChem, Xmgr, Xfig and GNU C/C++/Fortran compilers.<br><br />
Genomes from ''Eschercia coli'' (K 12) and Synechococcus sp. WH 8102.<br><br />
12 demos and tutorials for beginners.<br><br />
*Homepage: http://www.vigyaancd.org/<br />
*Screenshots: http://www.vigyaancd.org/sample.html<br />
*Download: http://www.vigyaancd.org/download.html (several mirrors around the world)<br />
*Size: 647 MB.<br />
*Latest version: 0.1<br />
-----<br />
<br />
== [http://www.xfld.org XFLD] ==<br />
Xfld is a Knoppix based LiveCD with '''Xfce''' desktop environment. <br><br />
*Homepage: http://www.xfld.org/<br />
-----<br />
<br />
== Wishlist for Knoppix Customisations ==<br />
You can enter your fancy ideas into this [[Wish List]]<br />
----<br />
<br />
* other list: http://www.frozentech.com/content/livecd.php<br />
* general linux distro: http://lwn.net/Distributions/</div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/Cheat_CodesCheat Codes2011-07-07T16:16:00Z<p>Clinton: Undo revision 9399 by Joyservice (Talk)</p>
<hr />
<div>==== Introduction ====<br />
German Version: [[Cheat Codes Deutsch]] / French Version: [[Cheat Codes French]] /<br />
Versión español: [[Cheat Codes Spanish]]<br />
----<br />
* '''Hint:''' This Wiki page ".. seems to be a little out-of-date" as Klaus Knopper mentioned some time ago.<br />
* '''To get the new Cheat Codes please download knoppix-cheatcodes.txt''' from the [http://www.knopper.net/knoppix-mirrors/ Mirrors].<br />
----<br />
<br />
'''Cheatcodes''' are used to pass options to KNOPPIX to help with getting it working on difficult hardware. You type them into the boot screen and press enter/return. The format is "kernel option option option ...". Usually "'''knoppix'''" is the right selection for the "kernel". You can type more than one cheatcode before pressing enter. Also note that some options can take on values.<br />
<br />
Example: "knoppix xvrefresh=60 noscsi floppyconfig"<br />
<br />
----<br />
<br />
==== Options ====<br />
;lang=bg|be|ch|cn|cs|cz|da|de|dk|es|fi|fr|ie|it|ja|nl|pl|ru|sk|tr|tw|uk|us : specify language/keyboard<br />
<br />
: You can go to the [http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/English_list.php ISO 639 site] to see the two-letters code meanings.<br />
<br />
: For example, typing knoppix lang=us you change the keyboard/language to US english.<br />
<br />
: If you don't change the keyboard, in the default DE-bootimage, Knoppix boots with the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_keyboard_layouts#Germany_and_Austria_.28but_not_Switzerland.29 german keyboard layout] (i.e. '=' letter is located at Shift-0 at this keyboard). Print the german keyboard layout for your reference.<br />
<br><br />
;keyboard=us : specify only [[console]] keyboard<br />
<br><br />
;xkeyboard=us : specify [[XFree86|X]] keyboard<br />
<br><br />
;atapicd :Do NOT use SCSI-Emulation for IDE CD-Roms - Knoppix V3.4 and later<br />
<br><br />
;desktop=[[fluxbox]]|[[icewm]]|[[larswm]]|[[twm]]|[[wmaker]]|[[xfce]] : Use specified WM instead of KDE<br />
<br><br />
;screen=1280x1024 :Use specified Screen resolution for X<br />
<br><br />
;xvrefresh=60 or vsync=60 : Use 60 Hz vertical refresh rate for X<br />
<br><br />
;xhrefresh=80 or hsync=80 : Use 80 kHz horizontal refresh rate for X<br />
<br><br />
;xserver=XFree86|XF86_SVGA : Use specified X-Server<br />
<br><br />
;xmodule=ati|radeon|[[fbdev]]|vesa|savage|s3|nv|i810|mga|svga|tseng : Use specified XFree4-Module<br />
<br><br />
;wheelmouse : The mouse is a wheelmouse - not needed since 2003-04-15<br />
<br><br />
;nowheelmouse : Regular PS/2 mouse - 2003-04-15 and after.<br />
<br><br />
;i8042.noloop : Fix mouse on MS VirtualPC<br />
<br><br />
;0 : Runlevel 0, Shutdown<br />
;1 : Runlevel 1, Textmode, single user<br />
;2 : Runlevel 2, Textmode only<br />
;3 : Runlevel 3, Textmode only<br />
;4 : Runlevel 4, Textmode only<br />
;5 : Runlevel 5, Graphics mode, default<br />
;6 : Runlevel 6, Reboot<br />
<br><br />
;myconfig=scan or floppyconfig or floppyconf (in recent versions) : Run '''knoppix.sh''' from a floppy. The "floppyconfig" option allows you to reconfigure the system after autoconfig, or install your own config files, by mounting a floppy disk and running a bourne shell script called '''knoppix.sh''' from the root directory on this floppy. There is a GUI to create such a configuration floppy disk calles "saveconfig" (also located in the KDE menu under "KNOPPIX", but experts also know how to do this by creating their own shellscripts. The configuration with network and graphics setup are stored in '''configs.tbz'''. A file called ''knoppix.sh'', if located in the toplevel KNOPPIX directory on CD, will also be executed at startup. This makes it easier to create customized versions without having to change anything on the compressed filesystem KNOPPIX/KNOPPIX.<br />
<br><br />
;myconf=/dev/sda1 :Run "knoppix.sh" from a partition - Knoppix V3.4<br />
<br><br />
;myconf=scan (or config=scan) :Try to find "knoppix.sh" automatically - Knoppix V3.4<br />
<br><br />
;noapic noagp noapm nodma nomce nofirewire nopcmcia noscsi noswap nousb nosmp noaudio : Skip parts of Hardware-detection, In case of a failing hardware autodetection, try booting with any of the "no-" options as shown in the table above, like in knoppix noagp noapm noapic nodma nopcmcia noscsi nousb to skip some critical parts of the autodetection system. The "noswap" option is useful for a forensic analysis without touching existing swap partitions.<br />
<br><br />
;nofstab : By default Knoppix will look/scan the HDs to see if it contains partitions. If the HDs do have partitions, Knoppix will automatically build a '/etc/fstab' file and fill-in the appropriate partition entries and will also create the '/mnt/hdxx' mount points. The 'nofstab' cheat code prevents this look/scan and prevents the generation of the /etc/fstab and its mount points.<br />
<br><br />
;nohwsetup : Skip hardware detection (does not run '''hwsetup''')<br />
<br><br />
;no-hlt : Do not perform hlt test. On some CPUs or with some power supplies the hlt test can cause the CPU to reset, so specifying this instruction will cause the system to ignore the hlt test and run at full power. Warning, this can cause your CPU to run hotter, and may defeat power saving measures.<br />
<br><br />
;pci=bios : Workaround for bad PCI controllers<br />
<br><br />
;pci=biosirq : Will force the use of the BIOS assigned '''I'''nterrupt '''R'''e'''Q'''uests on the PCI bus. Possible cure for non-functioning hardware. Very handy for unruly IRQ conflicts. Look at '''dmesg''' and '''cat /proc/pci''' to find out if you have any such troubles..<br />
<br><br />
;pci=irqmask=0x0e98 : Notebook if PS/2 mouse doesn't work, Try "knoppix pci=irqmask=0x0e98" if (you have a notebook and) your PS/2 mouse doesn't work. (Possibly caused by a BIOS-flaw on your board.)<br />
<br><br />
;ide2=0x180 nopcmia : boot from PCMCIA-CD (Transmeta notebooks)<br />
<br><br />
;mem=128M : Specify Memory size in MByte, Some Boards apparently don't pass the proper memory size to the linux-kernel. It may cause the message "Panic cannot mount root file system" and the system hangs. Use "knoppix mem=128M" to solve that problem if your system has 128MByte memory for example (caution you MUST use a capital "M" here). Stuff like mem=16320K also works.<br />
<br><br />
;noeject : Do NOT eject CD after halt<br />
<br><br />
;noprompt : Its especially useful in combination with noeject. With noprompt, Knopix won't eject the CD and ask for a keypress. It was a much asked feature some time ago. Version 2003-09-22 and later.<br />
<br><br />
;nodhcp : skip dhcp/network broadcast detection<br />
<br><br />
;splash : It shows the upper half of the KDE splash-screen, while booting up. You can press Esc anytime to see all the messages. Ever wanted to hide those cryptic messages? Version 2003-09-22 and later.<br />
* New in 3.4: Animations (see for yourself) and the ability to press ''any'' key.<br />
<br><br />
;modules-disk : This cheatcode allows you to insert a floppy disk with additional modules, for example USB-stick or similar. Yes, its also possible with "expert", but there you lose the automatic configuration afterwards. Version 2003-09-22 and later.<br />
<br><br />
;toram : Copy CD to RAM and run from there. Version 2003-09-05 and later.<br />
<br><br />
;tohd : You can now do a "poor mans install" on vfat and ext2-Partitions with, '''knoppix tohd=/dev/hda1''' Version 2003-09-22 and later.<br />
<br><br />
;fromhd : With this cheatcode the CD-Roms are ignored, so you can finally boot your "poor mans install" with just the original cdrom. Version 2003-09-05 and later. note - Cheatcode "toram" and "fromhd" work now together. Usage fromhd=/dev/hda1.<br />
<br><br />
;boot=/dev/hda1 <br />
: (after you load kernel and run ramdisk startup stuff (minirt.gz) however you may choose) <br />
:Then continue starting up from hda1/KNOPPIX/KNOPPIX . This is an easy way to free up your CD drive--you don't even need the CD at all, to boot, if you boot using loadlin, and have the 'linux' file and 'minirt.gz' file being loaded from the hard drive with loadlin. just copy the cd compressed contents to the root directory of a partition. then load knoppix with loadlin or however, passing this code in addition to the others, as you start up.<br />
:This was tested to work on a fat32 partition, in knoppix 3.4. --[[User:gh78|gh78]] May 20 2006<br />
<br />
<br />
;bootfrom=/dev/hda1 : Access Image then boot from previously copied CD-Image (enables booting from NTFS / ReiserFS) - Knoppix V3.4<br />
<br><br />
;bootfrom=/dev/hda1/KNX.iso : Access image, boot from ISO-Image. - Knoppix V3.4<br />
<br />
: NOTE: bootfrom needs access to a running Knoppix-System with the same Kernel as the Bootkernel, before it is able to mount the partition / ISO-Image. This should allow a poor mans install from NTFS-Partitions and makes it also possible to boot an ISO-Image directly. You can also use wildcards in the ISO-Filename, but it must be unique. So: If you have just one KNOPPIX.iso on /dev/hda1 you can access it as: bootfrom=/dev/hda1/K*.iso, but if there are several, you need to make clear, which one you want. (Feature added by Fabian Franz.)<br />
<br />
: CAUTION: The 2.4 kernel that is in the KNOPPIX 3.4 CD does not support the ext3 filesystem so make sure that the ISO is stored in an ext2 filesystem.<br />
<br><br />
;gmt|utc : Hardware clock is set to GMT/UTC<br />
<br><br />
;tz=Europe/Berlin : Hardware clock is set to timezone Europe/Berlin<br />
<br><br />
;vga=normal : No-framebuffer mode, but X<br />
<br><br />
;vga=ext : 50-line TEXT mode<br />
<br><br />
;vga=791 : Fix scrambled video on MS VirtualPC<br />
<br><br />
;dma : enable DMA for all IDE drives<br />
<br><br />
;home=scan :Set home directory. 'scan' will search for knoppix.img in the root of all partitions. To create a home directory, go K-menu -> Knoppix -> Configure -> Create persistant home directory. Be carefull when creating the home-dir, Do NOT use the entire partition unless you know what you are doing. Other options could be, home=/dev/hda1/knoppix.img home=/mnt/hda1/knoppix.img . If you are using a USB memory stick type home=/dev/sda1/knoppix.img but home=scan will probably do.<br />
<br><br />
;blind :Start Braille-Terminal (no X)<br />
<br><br />
;brltty=type,port,table :Parameters for Braille device.<br />
For more information on brltty parameters see http://mielke.cc/brltty/guidelines.html<br />
<br><br />
;alsa :Autoconfigure alsa for an pci-soundcard<br />
<br><br />
;alsa=es1938 :Configure alsa for the snd-es1938.o-module pci-soundcard<br />
<br><br />
;testcd : Check CD data integrity, If your KNOPPIX CD makes strange noises during boot, or you see frequent errors like "cloop read error", or programs on your KDE desktop keep crashing randomly, then your CD image is probably defective or incomplete, or your CD-burner created a defective CD due to wrong writing speed or bad media. This is the most common error reported. Please boot with "knoppix testcd" to check if the CD is OK, and/or even better, verify the MD5 checksums that are present on the mirrors before writing the CD. Also, please read the KNOPPIX-FAQ.<br />
<br />
: CAUTION: testcd can take a long time and the screen saver often starts while the testcd check is running. Hit SHIFT or CTRL to turn off the screen saver and continue, there is likely no need to reset the system or burn another CD at this point.<br />
<br><br />
;pnpbios=off : No PnP Bios initialization<br />
<br><br />
;acpi=off : Disable ACPI Bios completely<br />
<br><br />
;knoppix_dir=KNOPPIX : Directory to search for on the CD.<br />
<br><br />
;knoppix_name=KNOPPIX : Cloop-File to search for on the CD.<br />
<br><br />
<br />
;-b : "Emergency Mode", a quick-n-dirty boot, almost no HW detection, only 1 VT<!-- *ROOT PASSWORD IS SCRAMBLED, LOGIN AS ROOT IS NOT POSSIBLE* hit enter at root-password prompt and start typing commands-->. Good if you just need to fdisk IDE devices, activate a different partition for booting, DD stuff, and you are planning on rebooting '''Real Fast''' after you're done. You can actually Alt-SysRQ-B safely ie. immediate reboot w/o worrying about shutting down nicely or anything, because nothing is mounted r/w at ALL - not even swap. Also works on other Linux distros.<br />
<br><br />
<br />
==== Kernels ====<br />
For a complete listing of the kernels and kernel labels, see the isolinux.cfg file on the CD.<br />
<br />
;knoppix or linux : Default settings<br />
# cat /proc/cmdline<br />
ramdisk_size=100000 init=/etc/init lang=us apm=power-off vga=791<br />
initrd=minirt.gz nomce quiet BOOT_IMAGE=knoppix BOOT_IMAGE=linux<br />
<br><br />
;knoppix26 or linux26 : Boot the 2.6 kernel for use with the new Knoppix 3.4 and 3.4 c't Edition.<br />
<br><br />
<!-- *NOT AN EXISTING KERNEL IMAGE*<br />
;knoppix-txt : No framebuffer at startup<br />
# cat /proc/cmdline<br />
ramdisk_size=100000 init=/etc/init lang=us apm=power-off vga=normal<br />
initrd=minirt.gz nomce quiet BOOT_IMAGE=knoppix BOOT_IMAGE=linux<br />
<br> --><br />
;fb1280x1024 or fb1024x768 or fb800x600 : Use fixed framebuffer graphics<br />
# cat /proc/cmdline<br />
ramdisk_size=100000 init=/etc/init lang=us apm=power-off vga=794<br />
xmodule=fbdev initrd=minirt.gz nomce quiet BOOT_IMAGE=knoppix BOOT_IMAGE=linux<br />
<br><br />
;failsafe : Boot with (almost) no hardware detection<br />
# cat /proc/cmdline <br />
ramdisk_size=100000 init=/etc/init lang=us vga=normal atapicd<br />
nosound noapic noacpi pnpbios=off acpi=off nofstab noscsi <br />
nodma noapm nousb nopcmcia nofirewire noagp nomce nodhcp <br />
xmodule=vesa initrd=minirt.gz BOOT_IMAGE=knoppix BOOT_IMAGE=linux<br />
<br><br />
;expert : Interactive setup for experts, The "expert" mode provides a very simple and not yet well tested interface to loading additional Kernel modules from floppy disks (ext2 or vfat), plus interactive configuration of mouse/keyboard/soundcard/xserver. "expert" mode supports the same boot options as "knoppix".<br />
# cat /proc/cmdline <br />
ramdisk_size=100000 init=/etc/init lang=us apm=power-off vga=791<br />
initrd=minirt.gz nomce BOOT_IMAGE=expert BOOT_IMAGE=linux<br />
<br><br />
;expert26 : The same as above only with 2.6 kernel - Knoppix V3.4<br />
<br><br />
;memtest : Run memtest86 instead of Linux - Knoppix V3.4<br />
<br><br />
;debug : Pauses at various stages in the boot and shutdown processes. Type 'exit' to move on to the next stage.<br />
# cat /proc/cmdline<br />
ramdisk_size=100000 init=/etc/init lang=us apm=power-off<br />
vga=normal initrd=minirt.gz debug BOOT_IMAGE=debug BOOT_IMAGE=linux<br />
;userdef : useful kernel alias if you use knoppix-customize. Type 'man knoppix-customize' for more information. Very experimental.<br />
<br><br />
<br />
----<br />
<br />
==== Tips&Tricks ====<br />
If you are unable to boot Knoppix (i.e. the screen goes blank, you see a kernel panic message, the screen flickers, you are dropped into a minimal shell, Knoppix simply freezes while booting, etc.), try these boot commands in order:<br />
# '''boot: knoppix vga=0'''<br />
# '''boot: knoppix acpi=off pnpbios=off noapic noapm''' Helpful for laptops<br />
# '''boot: knoppix vga=0 debug -b 3''' Using this boot command will cause Knoppix to pause at various stages in the boot process. Just type 'exit' at each shell prompt to move on to the next stage. You will know that you are at the final stage when typing 'exit' does not do anything. If you get that far, type 'init 5' to go into graphics mode.<br><br />
# '''boot: failsafe debug -b 3''' That will do the same as the previous boot command, except turn off most of the hardware detection.<br />
If you still have issues, please post in the [http://www.knoppix.net/forum/ Hardware & Booting] forum, tell us which of the above boot commands you tried, and how far in the boot process you were able to get.<br />
<br />
Information for further troubleshooting:<br />
<br />
Most of the boot options are parsed by different programs and scripts during the booting process, roughly in this order:<br />
<br />
* the isolinux bootloader<br />
* the linux kernel<br />
* /linuxrc , which can be found in /cdrom/boot/isolinux/miniroot.gz -> linuxrc<br />
* /etc/init.d/knoppix-autoconfig<br />
* /etc/init.d/xsession<br />
* /usr/sbin/mkxf86config<br />
* /etc/init.d/knoppix-halt<br />
* /etc/init.d/knoppix-reboot<br />
<br />
For more information on passing boot parameters to the kernel, see 'man boot' and 'man bootparam'.<br />
<br />
----<br />
<br />
==== Updates ====<br />
; Updated for Knoppix 3.1 2003-01-05<br><br />
; Updated for Knoppix 3.2 : desktop=gnome is no longer available... (use [http://www.gnoppix.org Gnoppix]).<br />
; Updated for Knoppix 3.8.2<br />
----<br />
<br />
==== Links ====<br />
* http://lists.debian.org/debian-knoppix/2009/11/msg00018.html -- Cheatcodes version 6.2.0 (From Klaus 20091111)<br />
* http://www.knoppix.nl/5.3/knoppix-cheatcodes.txt -- Cheatcode version 5.3.<br />
* http://www.kernel.org/pub/dist/knoppix-dvd/knoppix-cheatcodes.txt -- KNOPPIX V5.0.1 (last update: 12.05.2006)<br />
* http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/BootPrompt-HOWTO.html<br />
* http://www.cheatworld.net -- cheat codes library<br />
* http://www.wlug.org.nz/bootparam%287%29<br />
* [[kernel-parameters-2.6.11]]<br />
* [[User:Ml#miniroot_changes]]: i added some new cheatcodes for exotic boot media (nocloop, fromiso, nbd, nfs etc). they're not supported by default so a new miniroot.gz is needed.<br />
<br />
[[Category: Cheat Codes]]</div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/Configuration_HowtoConfiguration Howto2011-07-01T08:18:50Z<p>Clinton: Reverted edits by SergeO'Neil (Talk); changed back to last version by David syer</p>
<hr />
<div>==Quickstart==<br />
Two options<br />
<br />
* From the command line use "saveconfig".<br />
<br />
* From KDE use the knoppix menu and find the "save configuration" item.<br />
<br />
The system prompts you for what to save, and where to save it (choose from all the local disks and removable media that the system knows about). When you restart knoppix just add a boot parameter (see also [[Cheat Codes]] for more options). E.g.:<br />
<br />
boot: knoppix myconfig=/mnt/sda1<br />
<br />
Or, to scan all local disks:<br />
<br />
boot: knoppix myconfig=scan<br />
<br />
==Examples==<br />
===Change default runlevel===<br />
Just edit the initdefault line in /etc/inittab:<br />
<br />
# The default runlevel<br />
id:4:initdefault:<br />
<br />
Then saveconfig.<br />
<br />
Useful if you want to suppress the auto-start of the xsession.<br />
<br />
===Start ssh on startup=== <br />
<br />
If you haven't used ssh yet, then start it up, to initialise the keys:<br />
<br />
$ /etc/init.d/ssh start<br />
<br />
Then add a line to /etc/inittab with the desired runlevels in the<br />
second column:<br />
<br />
# Start ssh on startup<br />
ss:4:wait:/etc/init.d/ssh start<br />
<br />
Then saveconfig.<br />
<br />
Nice for people who want to use knoppix as a server and connect with<br />
remote clients. Also for VMWare users where knoppix is the guest OS.<br />
<br />
This is admittedly a bit of a hack, since the normal /etc/rc mechanism<br />
would work, but would not be saved in the persistent configuration.<br />
In this case we would simply add a symlink to rc4.d linking to<br />
/etc/init.d/ssh.<br />
<br />
<br />
===Add user accounts===<br />
<br />
Just use /usr/sbin/useradd as normal, and then save the config.<br />
<br />
===Mount user's home directories===<br />
<br />
If you add user accounts then the new users will prefer to be able to<br />
have a persistent home directory. This can be achieved by mounting<br />
and linking during init. Create a script in /etc/init.d<br />
(e.g. /etc/init.d/setup-homes) that mounts a local drive or image, and<br />
links a directory there to /home/<uname>. Then run this script<br />
automatically at start up by adding a line to /etc/inittab<br />
<br />
# Mount user homes<br />
uh:4:wait:/etc/init.d/setup-homes<br />
<br />
Then saveconfig.<br />
<br />
===Add more software===<br />
<br />
Similar to the user home directory example, just install the software<br />
on a local drive, and create a script to mount it on startup (and if<br />
desired link it into standard path locations like /bin, /usr/bin). Then saveconfig.<br />
<br />
<br />
==Pitfalls and problems==<br />
===Symlinks are not saved===<br />
<br />
The saved configuration only consists of true files, not symlinks,<br />
hence the problem with /etc/rc mentioned above. (This is true at knoppix 3.6, please edit this page if things have changed.)<br />
<br />
===Overwriting auto-generated files===<br />
<br />
Certain files (e.g. /etc/fstab) are auto-generated by knoppix on<br />
startup (mostly in /etc/init.d/knoppix-autoconfig), and then<br />
overwritten from the saved configuration.<br />
<br />
===Boot parameters===<br />
<br />
You can't set boot parameters (a.k.a. [[Cheat Codes]]) except by<br />
typing them at boot time. It is, however, probably the most trivial<br />
re-mastering to change boot parameters.<br />
<br />
===Language preferences===<br />
<br />
Language preferences are always overridden at startup according to the<br />
boot parameter lang= (see also [[Cheat Codes]]). Changes to<br />
/etc/sysconfig/keyboard will go into the saved configuration, but are<br />
always ignored.<br />
<br />
===Don't use knoppix.sh===<br />
<br />
Many forum posts are from users who have hacked knoppix.sh to change startup behaviour. This script is auto-generated by saveconfig every time you save the<br />
configuration, so manual changes will be overwritten. Use init<br />
instead.<br />
<br />
==Behind the scenes==<br />
The save config script actually saves all true files from /etc that<br />
are missing or different from the distribution (at /KNOPPIX/etc).</div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/Mailing_ListMailing List2011-04-07T14:02:24Z<p>Clinton: Reverted edits by Alicethomas (Talk); changed back to last version by 87.226.226.210</p>
<hr />
<div>German Version: [[Mailing List Deutsch]]<br />
----<br />
The debian-knoppix mailing list is where development and support discussion takes place. Discussions are in German and English.<br />
<br />
The current list archives are at:<br />
http://lists.debian.org/debian-knoppix/ or at: http://www.nabble.com/debian-knoppix-f12512.html</div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/Live_CD_TipsLive CD Tips2011-03-29T20:08:32Z<p>Clinton: Reverted edits by RobertBrekker (Talk); changed back to last version by Clinton</p>
<hr />
<div>Using a Live CD does not mean that you are stuck with what is on the CD. New technologies make the Knoppix Live CD very versatile and flexible, and there are many things you can do with the Live CD without having to resort to a full-blown hard disk install. <br />
<br />
With a Live CD, you will be using Knoppix in the way it was designed for. You will be mobile. All you need to carry around is a CD and a small USB flash drive to store your settings and configurations. You will then be able to start Knoppix from almost anywhere with the same data, settings and even your own installed programs. A hard disk installation on the other hand, will tie you to the disk where you installed it, plus all the possible problems that come with a hard disk install. <br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Free up the CD Drive'''==<br />
<br />
===<small>toram cheat code</small>===<br />
<br />
At the boot prompt, type "knoppix toram". Knoppix will load the contents of the CD into ram and run from there. After boot up, the CD can be removed and the cd drive will be available for other uses. Because this will take up a lot of ram, it is recommended for those with at least 1 GB of ram. See also [[Cheat Codes]]<br />
<br />
===<small>tohd cheat code</small>===<br />
<br />
Insert and start with the CD. At the boot prompt, type "knoppix tohd=<path to some hard disk>". For example if you have space in hda2, type "knoppix tohd=/dev/hda2. Knoppix will create a folder called "knoppix" in the disk you chose and run from there. After this, the CD can be removed. The disk partition used can be a Linux format such as ext3 but can also be fat32, but not ntfs. See also [[Cheat Codes]].<br />
<br />
At the next boot, you can save some steps by using the cheat code: "knoppix fromhd=<path to the disk you used>. This procedure has been called the [[Basic Poor Mans]] Install.<br />
<br />
===<small>bootfrom cheat code</small>===<br />
<br />
This allows you to use an iso image file stored on media. Insert the CD and start with the CD. At the boot prompt, type: “knoppix bootfrom=<path to where iso is stored>. After boot up, the CD can be removed. See also [[Cheat Codes]].<br />
<br />
Several different isos can be booted from the same CD. The only limitation is that the kernel version on the CD must be the same as that in the iso file. This method is often used to test remastered Knoppix iso files before committing to a burn. <br />
<br />
There are also tweaks which allow you to do away with the CD altogether. <br />
<br />
This method is more robust than a full-blown hard disk install. Since the integrity of the iso file is maintained just as it would be on a CD itself, the likelihood of problems arising is reduced. <br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Installing Programs'''==<br />
<br />
One of the limitations of a Live CD is that most of the system area is read-only – in particular, /usr where most executable programs are kept. Some programs can run from /home, which is writable, but many programs need to change and access components into standard locations like /lib or /usr/lib are read-only. Fortunately there are solutions.<br />
<br />
===<small>Klik</small>===<br />
<br />
Klik is system which packs many popular programs into a single /cmg file suitable for running from /home. Programs can be set up and run with a single “klik�?. See <br />
[http://klik.atekon.de/ klik website] for details. There is also an entire section in the forum devoted to klik, including instructions on how to set it up for Knoppix. <br />
<br />
===<small>Unionfs</small>===<br />
<br />
Unionfs is another important development introduced into Knoppix from Version 3.8 onwards. Unionfs is a virtual filesystem. It creates a writable system file area in ram with all the system directories such as /etc /usr and so on. This is then seamlessly merged with the read-only system files on the CD. A very readable description of unionfs can be found here: [http://www.oreillynet.com/sysadmin/blog/2005/03/knoppix_38_and_unionfs_wow_jus.html Kyle Rankin on unionfs]<br />
<br />
With unionfs, it becomes possible to “write�? to the system area. Knoppix can then be treated almost like it is installed on a writable media. You can do install programs with apt-get or synaptic, download and install .deb packages, compile and install new drivers, edit config files in /etc and so on.<br />
<br />
Of course, you may still download an incompatible package which upsets Knoppix's delicate balance and break Knoppix, just like in a hard disk install. But this is a Live CD! The problems go away at the next reboot.<br />
<br />
On the other hand, if you installed something which works well, you will not have to do it again. You can save it and it can be made available at the next session – see below.<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Saving Configurations, Data and System changes'''==<br />
<br />
===<small>Save Knoppix Configuration</small>===<br />
<br />
This can be launched from the Knoppix Menu -> Configure -> Save Knoppix configuration. It saves many configuration settings and also your /home directory into a file. It also creates a script knoppix.sh which will run at the next reboot to load the saved settings.<br />
<br />
To load the saved configuration at the next reboot, enter the cheat code “knoppix myconfig=<path to where config was saved>.<br />
<br />
For details see the following references:<br />
<br />
*[http://www.oreillynet.com/sysadmin/blog/2004/11/remaster_knoppix_without_remas.html Kyle Rankin: remaster without remastering]<br />
*[[Configuration Howto]]<br />
<br />
===<small>Persistent Disk Image</small>===<br />
<br />
This is one of the most useful features in Knoppix, and together with unionfs, makes Knoppix very versatile indeed. Earlier versions allowed the /home directory to be saved. From V3.8 onwards, the entire unionfs can be saved, so that configuration changes, settings, user data, packages which have been downloaded and installed etc can all be saved and will be available at subsequent sessions. <br />
<br />
To set up a persistent Knoppix disk image, run Knoppix menu -> Configure -> Create a persistent KNOPPIX disk image (V5.0.1). You will be asked to select a location, a size, and a choice to use encryption (e.g. if you want to keep your data private). A image file knoppix.img will be created at the location you chose.<br />
<br />
At the next boot, Knoppix will scan for any image file named knoppix.img and then ask if you want to load it. If you load it, any changes you make will be saved into the image file automatically.<br />
<br />
''Make multiple persistent images!''<br />
<br />
What happens if you make lots of configuration changes or download and install packages and then Knoppix breaks? Doesn't a persistent image bring the same problems as a hard disk install? Here, a good strategy is to make a copy of your previous, stable persistent image to another file e.g. backup.img. Knoppix will only load knoppix.img. Go ahead, do your experiments, make your changes, install packages etc with confidence. If Knoppix breaks, just rename backup.img to knoppix.img and you have very quickly rolled back to your last, stable and good configuration. It is certainly much easier than trying to fix a broken hard disk installation.<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category : FAQ Page]]</div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/Current_eventsCurrent events2011-03-29T20:05:53Z<p>Clinton: Reverted edits by Richardsons (Talk); changed back to last version by Clinton</p>
<hr />
<div>__TOC__<br />
<br />
= Background =<br />
<br />
New table so see all the pages and there conversion status.<br />
<br />
[[User:Dr Kludge|Dr Kludge]] would like to thank vim and regular expressions for all their tools. The hat character, ^, is really a control v followed by either an enter key or a control M.<br />
<br />
:'a,. s/^/|-^M|^M|/ <br />
<br />
<br />
* Note some of these page names should move from camel case, CamelCase, names to <pre>[[non camel case]]</pre> page names.<br />
<br />
= Table =<br />
<br />
{| border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="1"<br />
!Conversion Status<br />
!Old wiki page name<br />
|-<br />
|"Jemboss does not function properly in 0.2" Does this matter?<br />
|1<br />
|-<br />
|Was < and ><br />
|[[Redirection]]<br />
|-<br />
|done<br />
|[[apt]]<br />
|-<br />
|Old wiki sys page no convert<br />
|AddingPages<br />
|-<br />
|started<br />
|[[Air Traf]]<br />
|-<br />
|done<br />
|[[Alias]]<br />
|-<br />
|Old wiki sys page no convert<br />
|AllPages<br />
|-<br />
|Old wiki sys page no convert<br />
|Ansprech Partner<br />
|-<br />
|Old wiki sys page no convert<br />
|AnsprechPartner<br />
|-<br />
|done<br />
|[[BIOS]]<br />
|-<br />
|done<br />
|[[Baby Gimp]]<br />
|-<br />
|Old wiki sys page no convert<br />
|BackLinks<br />
|-<br />
|done<br />
|[[Basic Poor Mans]]<br />
|-<br />
|done<br />
|[[Bittorrent]]<br />
|-<br />
|Perhaps a sample old wiki page no convert<br />
|BlueFish<br />
|-<br />
|User page no convert<br />
|BoLeuf<br />
|-<br />
|started<br />
|[[Boot Floppy HowTo]]<br />
|-<br />
|started<br />
|[[Bootable CD]]<br />
|-<br />
|done<br />
|[[Bugs]]<br />
|-<br />
|done<br />
|[[Bugs/3.4]]<br />
|-<br />
|done<br />
|[[Bugs/3.4-2004-05-10]]<br />
|-<br />
|done<br />
|[[Bugs/3.4-2004-05-17]]<br />
|-<br />
|done<br />
|[[Bugs/3.5]]<br />
|-<br />
|done<br />
|[[Bugs/3.6-2004-08-16]]<br />
|-<br />
|done<br />
|[[Bugs/BSD]]<br />
|-<br />
|done<br />
|[[Bugs/Installer]]<br />
|-<br />
|started<br />
|[[Burn Home]]<br />
|-<br />
|started<br />
|[[CD burner]]<br />
|-<br />
|Old wiki sys page no convert<br />
|CalendarPlugin<br />
|-<br />
|User page no convert<br />
|CarstenKlapp<br />
|-<br />
|done<br />
|[[cat]]<br />
|-<br />
|started see [[cd]]<br />
|[[Cd]]<br />
|-<br />
|done<br />
|[[CeBIT]]<br />
|-<br />
|done<br />
|[[Cheat Codes | Cheat Code]] and [[Cheat Codes]] are the same<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[Cheat Codes Deutsch]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[Cheat Codes French]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[Cheat Codes Spanish]]<br />
|-<br />
|done<br />
|[[Cloop Version 2.01]]<br />
|-<br />
|done<br />
|[[Compression]]<br />
|-<br />
|done<br />
|[[Crontab|crontab]]<br />
|-<br />
|done<br />
|[[Dance Dance Tux]]<br />
|-<br />
|User page no convert<br />
|DavidGlaude<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[Debian]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[DebianCommand]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[DebianX]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[DebugInfo]]<br />
|-<br />
|As requested--no convert<br />
|DeleteMe<br />
|-<br />
|User page no convert<br />
|DennisTrinkt<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[DialUpNetworking]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[Directory tree]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[Discussion]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[DiskDrake]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[DownloadingHowTo]]<br />
|-<br />
|done<br />
|[[echo]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[EditText]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[ElectricEyes]]<br />
|-<br />
|done<br />
|[[Evolution]]<br />
|-<br />
|User page no convert<br />
|FabIanx<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FaqArrancando]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FaqBooting]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FaqConfiguraciÃÂón]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FaqCustomising]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FaqDescarga]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FaqDownloading]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FaqDownloadingDeutsch]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FaqError]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FaqFTP]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FaqFTPSpanish]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FaqFtpSpanish]]<br />
|-<br />
|done<br />
|[[General FAQ]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FaqGeneralDeutsch]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FaqGeneralSpanish]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FaqHardDriveInstall]]<br />
|-<br />
|done<br />
|[[Hardware FAQ]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FaqHardwareDeutsch]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FaqHardwareSpanish]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FaqHdBased]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FaqIRC]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FaqIRCSpanish]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FaqInstalaciÃÂÃÂÃÂón]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FaqInstalaciÃÂÃÂÃÂónDiscoDuro]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FaqInstalaciÃÂón]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FaqInstalaciÃÂónDiscoDuro]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FaqInstall]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FaqInstallDeutsch]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FaqKnoppixEmu]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FaqKnoppixEmuDeutsch]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FaqNetwork]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FaqNetworkDeutsch]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FaqNetworkSoftwareDeutsch]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FaqNewQuestions]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FaqNewQuestionsDeutsch]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FaqNuevasPreguntas]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FaqPXE]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FaqRed]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FaqRescate]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FaqRescue]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FaqRescueDeutsch]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FaqSambaQuick]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FaqSambaQuickDeutsch]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FaqSambaRÃÂápido]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FaqUSBBased]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FaqUsando]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FaqUsing]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FaqUsingDeutsch]]<br />
|-<br />
|done<br />
|[[find]]<br />
|-<br />
|This needs to be reformulated for the new wiki.<br />
|FindPage<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[Flash Memory]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FluxBox]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FooBar]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FooPage]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FtpHowTo]]<br />
|-<br />
|Old wiki sys page no convert<br />
|FullRecentChanges<br />
|-<br />
|Old wiki sys page no convert<br />
|FullTextSearch<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[FuzzyPages]]<br />
|-<br />
|started<br />
|[[Gnome | GNOME]]<br />
|-<br />
|started<br />
|[[GNU]]<br />
|-<br />
|started<br />
|[[GUI]]<br />
|-<br />
|done<br />
|[[Galeon]]<br />
|-<br />
|User page no convert<br />
|GaryBenson<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[GetSupport]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[GetSupportDeutsch]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[GetSupportFrench]]<br />
|-<br />
|done<br />
|[[Gimp]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[Gnobian]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[GnobianSpanish]]<br />
|-<br />
|started<br />
|[[Gnome]]<br />
|-<br />
|started<br />
|[[Gnoppix]] merged with [[gnoppix]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[GnoppixAyudaParaUsuariosWindows]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[GnoppixBootMedia]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[GnoppixBootfloppyContent]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[GnoppixBootfloppyContentSpanish]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[GnoppixBurning]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[GnoppixConfiguration]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[GnoppixDesktop]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[GnoppixEscritorio]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[GnoppixFaq]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[GnoppixFaqSpanish]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[GnoppixFrench]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[GnoppixHelpForWindowsUsers]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[GnoppixNevasPreguntas]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
| = [[GnoppixNewQuestions]] =<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[GnoppixPartition]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[GnoppixSpanish]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[GnoppixStoreData]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[GnoppixToDo]]<br />
|-<br />
|done<br />
|[[GnuCash]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[GoodStyle]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[Graphical User Interface]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[GrowKnoppix]]<br />
|-<br />
|User page no convert<br />
|HansWurst<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[HdBasedHowTo]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[HdBasedHowTos]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[HdGnomeHowTo]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[HdInstallHowTo]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[HdInstallUserChangeHowTo]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[HdInstallWithoutaMonitorHowTo]]<br />
|-<br />
|done<br />
|[[Headless Knoppix]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[HelpForWindowsUsers]]<br />
|-<br />
|User page no convert<br />
|HenkPoley<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[HilfeFuerWindowsBenutzer]]<br />
|-<br />
|This needs to be reformulated in the new wiki<br />
|HomePage<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|HomePageDeutsch<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|HomePageDutch<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|HomePageFrench<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|HomePageSpanish<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|HomePartitionHowTo<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[HotSpot]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[HowTo]]<br />
|-<br />
|?<br />
|[[HowToUseWiki]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[HowtoInstallOverNet]]<br />
|-<br />
|started<br />
|[[ISO | ISO image]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[Ica_Knoppix]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[ImageYourHardDriveUsingKnoppix]]<br />
|-<br />
|Old wiki sys page no convert<br />
|Info<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[InstallHowTo]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[InstallSoftwareHowTo]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[InstallationUeberNetz]]<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[IntelliMouse]]<br />
|-<br />
|Old wiki sys page no convert<br />
|InterWiki<br />
|-<br />
|Old wiki sys page no convert<br />
|InterWikiMap<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|[[IntroductionHowTo]]<br />
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|}</div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/Rescue_FAQRescue FAQ2011-03-03T10:27:01Z<p>Clinton: Reverted edits by Jeffclark2010 (Talk); changed back to last version by Clinton</p>
<hr />
<div>-German Version: [[Rescue FAQ Deutsch]]<br />
<br />
-Versión en español : [[Rescate FAQ]]<br />
----<br />
Return to [[Knoppix FAQ]]<br />
----<br />
Knoppix is a great rescue disc too. You can repair Linux or any other OS, backup data, recover passwords, etc. The following solutions assume that you have booted<br />
Knoppix on the machine that needs to be repaired.<br />
<br />
==== Q: I need to get into my Debian system to update some packages as my system is unable to boot! How do I do that? ====<br />
A: Boot with the Knoppix CD and mount that partition using the Knoppix root shell. For example:<br />
*'''mount /dev/hda1 /mnt/hda1<br />
*'''chroot /mnt/hda1<br />
Gives you a root shell back in your old system! Now get the resolved and updated packages [http://www.debian.org/distrib/packages] and dpkg -install them to fix the previous show stopping packages.<br />
<br />
==== Q: My other Linux install is broken and I want to reinstall LILO. ====<br />
A: Mount that partition and run LILO as root:<br />
*e.g. '''mount -o dev /mnt/hda1''', if its already mounted, you'll have to clear the "nodev" flag: '''sudo mount -o remount,dev /mnt/hda1'''.<br />
*Enter that directory as root and run lilo: '''chroot /mnt/hda1 lilo'''.<br />
<br />
==== Q: Ok, I've booted Knoppix, now how do I rescue the data? ====<br />
A1: See [http://www.shockfamily.net/cedric/knoppix/ Computer First Aid Using Knoppix], <br />
[http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/linux/library/l-knopx.html?ca=dgr-lnxw01-obg-SysRecover System Recovery] and <br />
[http://www.greenfly.org/talks/knoppix/rescue-oscon05.html OSCON 2005-08-04 System Rescue with Knoppix].<br />
<br />
A2: One of the best ways to recover your files is to plug in a USB drive of some sort.<br />
* When the desktop loads, you will see at least two hard drive icons on the desktop (one for your hard drive and one for the USB drive).<br />
* Click on the hard drive icons to open them up and figure out which drive is which.<br />
* Right-click the USB drive icon and choose "Actions > Change read/write mode" so you can write to the drive (it's read-only by default for security reasons).<br />
* Now find the files you want to back up and drag and drop them to the USB drive. When you are finished, shut down the system and remove the USB drive.<br />
<br />
A3: If you have a CD burner installed (in addition to the drive that you booted Knoppix from), use one of the various tools on Knoppix to create a CD. If you have 1 gig of memory you can use the toram "cheat code" so that you will not need to keep the CD in the drive if you only have one CD drive. See the wiki section on [[Cheat Codes]] for more details on how to use toram and other cheat codes.<br />
<br />
A4: If you want to backup over the network, you can use NFS, Samba (windows share), scp (ssh copy), FTP, email or more.<br />
One method, using two networked machines on knoppix is as follows:<br />
boot knoppix on both machines (the "broken" machine and the target machine), start ssh server on the target machine, "kmenu->KNOPPIX->Servers->SSH Server", mount a device with sufficient space in read/write mode (note: NTFS does not currently support read/write). Then you can use scp to move the data from the broken machine to the target machine (in this example, the target machine has an IP address of 192.168.1.1). On the "broken" box (get a root shell) issue a command '''scp -r /mnt/hda1/importantdata/ knoppix@192.168.1.1:/mnt/hda1/backup/''' this will copy an entire directory (recursively) to the target machine.<br />
<br />
A5: If you don't have a USB device that you can use or another local system to transfer files to, you can send the files to an Internet site (although your Internet connection will be slower than a local transfer). You may be able to e-mail them to yourself. You may be able to save them on FTP or web space that your ISP provides. Or you can use any of a number of Internet sites that offer Free temporary storage of large files. One such site it yousendit.com, although there are others. Also, Google allows over 2 gigs of storage for Gmail users (although the size of a single file is somewhat limited).<br />
<br />
A6: For some users the most simple solution is to stick another disk drive in the case and format it with a FAT32 partition. Or add a second CD or DVD drive.<br />
<br />
==== Q: I'd like to backup/restore the MBR. ====<br />
A:<br />
*To backup use:<br />
**'''sudo dd if=/dev/hda of=mbr.backup bs=512 count=1'''<br />
*To restore use:<br />
**'''sudo dd of=/dev/hda if=mbr.backup bs=512 count=1'''<br />
<br />
'''Caution''' the MBR contains the partition table (the first four primary entries) it will break things if you changed the partition since the backup.<br />
<br />
If you do not want to restore the partition table you should use '''sudo dd of=/dev/hda if=mbr.backup bs=1 count=448''' instead. This will write only the first 448 bytes of the MBR leaving the last 64 bytes intact (4 partition table entries * 16 bytes/entry).<br />
<br />
Be warned that you '''may''' not be able to boot from this disk if you changed the partition table after the backup of the MBR, depending on the actual boot loader .<br />
<br />
==== Q: I forgot my password for an installed Windows/Linux!? ====<br />
Linux A1: You can change password by chrooting into installed linux and running passwd. You may need to mount your linux read-write:<br />
*'''mount -o remount,rw /dev/hd.. /mnt/hd..<br />
*'''chroot /mnt/hd..<br />
*'''passwd root<br />
<br />
Linux A2: Delete the password hash from shadow:<br />
*edit the '''/etc/shadow''' file on your drive with any text editor (e.g. '''vi /mnt/hd../etc/shadow''')<br />
*remove the password hash (contents of the second field) for root; e.g.<br />
:root:dsfDSDF!s:12581:0:99999:7:::<br />
:to<br />
:root::12581:0:99999:7:::<br />
*your root password should now be blank<br />
*See [http://linuxgazette.net/107/tomar.html How to reset forgotten root passwords] for more information.<br />
<br />
Windows: use the [http://pogostick.net/~pnh/ntpasswd/ Offline NT Password & Registry Editor] instead to reset it.<br />
<br />
==== Q: The other Linux/*nix box does not work correctly, but im sure the network is functional. ====<br />
A: try "ssh" and/or "telnet" to log in on that remote box. you'll need to know a password, but after that you can use the shell to repair the box.<br />
<br />
==== Q: Rescuing knoppix with knoppix :-) "I am a new user to linux and i just installed KNOPPIX on one partition, but then i installed windows 98 on another partition and now i can't get lilo to come back.... how do i make it so lilo will come back" ====<br />
<br />
A:<br />
*boot from floppy<br />
**You can boot the system with the boot floppy you got when you installed Knoppix on HDD.<br />
**Then edit the file /etc/lilo.conf . After that start "lilo" as root.<br />
*boot from CD<br />
**Boot the CD and type "knoppix 2" (see [[Cheat Codes]]). This will start knoppix into the shell/commandline.<br />
**Mount your root partition '''mount /dev/hda1 /mnt''', edit /mnt/etc/lilo.conf (insert your windows partition),<br />
**Change root to your hd install: ''' chroot /mnt/hda1''' (substitute hda1 for your hd install partition)<br />
*and execute lilo: '''lilo -v'''<br />
<br />
==== Q: How do I load Windows (aka Samba) shares from Knoppix? ====<br />
A: There are several ways but the easiest is probably:<br />
*Go into Konqueror, Go up to the Location bar and Type the host information in the format: ''[smb://HOST/SHARE'']<br />
*Three handy utilities to scan the network if you forget the HOST, are [[Lin Neighborhood]] (for versions released on or later than 2003-04-18), xSMBrowser (for 3.2 versions released before 2003-04-18) or Komba2 (for earlier versions) which is listed in the menus.<br />
<br />
==== Q: Are there any utilities on the knoppix disk to conveniently manage partitions, e.g. Disk Drake? ====<br />
A: Tried '''parted''' ? [http://www.gnu.org/software/parted/] [http://www.knoppix.net/search?q=parted&submit=Go]<br />
<br />
A2: For resizing Windows XP/W2K/W2K3/NT4/Longhorn NTFS, Solution 2 in the<br />
ntfsresize FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions) at<br />
[http://mlf.linux.rulez.org/mlf/ezaz/ntfsresize.html#example]<br />
works well. Ntfsresize version 1.9.0 can even cope with fragmented partitions successfully.<br />
For backup of a partition, Partition Image and ntfsclone are great!<br />
[http://www.partimage.org/doc/index-3.html]<br />
<br />
A3: Knoppix also includes a graphical partition utility, QTParted, which is compatible with ntfsresize.<br />
<br />
==== Q: How do I setup swap? ====<br />
A: On machines with small RAM you would want to have a swap file when running Knoppix from CD. You can create a swap file on your partition, register it in /etc/fstab and turn swap on. Choose a mounted partition which has enough free space, for the purpose of this example let it be /mnt/hda1<br />
*Create a linear file: '''dd if=/dev/zero of=/mnt/hda1/swapfile bs=1024 count=65536''' for a 64Mb swap file<br />
*Add the swap partition tables: '''mkswap /mnt/hda1/swapfile'''<br />
*Register the file in /etc/fstab: as root add a line '''/mnt/hda1/swapfile swap swap defaults 0 0'''<br />
*Turn swapping on: run '''swapon -a''' as root<br />
*Check that the swap file appears in /proc/swaps<br />
<br />
A2: To have Knoppix use an existing linux swap partition, ...??<br />
<br />
----<br />
Return to [[Knoppix FAQ]] .<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category : FAQ Page]]</div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/Debootstrap_to_LiveCDDebootstrap to LiveCD2011-02-16T16:28:38Z<p>Clinton: Reverted edits by Brianpalmer2010 (Talk); changed back to last version by Clinton</p>
<hr />
<div>=PREAMBLE=<br />
<br />
*This script can be run using any debian based distro, including the [http://www.knopper.net/knoppix-mirrors/index-en.html Knoppix 5.1] boot cd.<br />
*Knoppix Sources http://debian-knoppix.alioth.debian.org/<br />
*Please note that this howto is not without a few flaws, please revise and suggest as necessary.<br />
<br />
*Debian Releases:<br />
**[http://www.debian.org/releases/stable/ etch] = stable realease<br />
**[http://www.debian.org/releases/testing/ lenny] = testing release<br />
**[http://www.debian.org/releases/unstable/ sid] = unstable release<br />
<br />
=CONVENTIONS USED=<br />
The following conventions are used, within dotted box:<br />
Commands & paramaters<br />
Text within this dotted box can be put directly into a script<br />
Some commands are linked, if you require further explanation of the command or parameter click the link. Example shown below:<br />
[[apt-get]]<br />
<br />
=GETTING STARTED=<br />
NOTE: You will need about 9 Gigabytes of free disk space. All dotted boxes below are to be put into a script, or into a shell directly. <br />
==Setup The Environment==<br />
=====Hash Bang=====<br />
*As required at the beginning of a script (UNIX), a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shebang_(Unix) Hash Bang]<br />
#!/bin/bash<br />
<br />
You will need KNOPPIX_V5.1.0CD-2006-12-30-EN.iso (or whatever version one you want)<br />
<br />
=====Script Variables=====<br />
*More info see: [http://tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/variables.html BASH Variables]<br />
* cd somewhere appropriate and become superuser<br />
cd $HOME<br />
export KNXISO=KNOPPIX_V5.1.0CD-2006-12-30-EN.iso<br />
wget http://www.kernel.org/pub/dist/knoppix/${KNXISO}<br />
ln -s `pwd`/${KNXISO} /tmp/${KNXISO} # make link for later<br />
su # become superuser<br />
! type extract_compressed_fs && [[apt-get]] cloop-utils # You will need cloop<br />
! type qemu && [[apt-get]] qemu # Optional, you might need qemu<br />
KNXROOT=[[`pwd`]]/knxstrap<br />
OLDSRCDIR=${KNXROOT}/oldsrc/KNOPPIX<br />
NEWSRCDIR=${KNXROOT}/newsrc/KNOPPIX<br />
MASTERDIR=${KNXROOT}/master<br />
ARCH=i386 <br />
DEBIAN_RELEASE=sid # (http://www.debian.org/releases/unstable/)<br />
DEBIAN_MIRROR=http://http.us.debian.org/debian<br />
# DEBIAN_MIRROR=http://debian.osuosl.org/debian # or use this mirror<br />
<br />
=====Make directories, mount CD image, copy files over to the Master dir=====<br />
mkdir -p ${MASTERDIR} ${NEWSRCDIR}/usr/src \<br />
${OLDSRCDIR}/knxfiles ${KNXROOT}/mnt<br />
mount -t iso9660 -o ro,loop=/dev/loop/0 /tmp/${KNXISO} ${KNXROOT}/mnt<br />
cd ${KNXROOT}/mnt && find . -size -10000k -type f -exec \<br />
cp -p --parents '{}' ${MASTERDIR} \;<br />
<br />
=====Extract compressed Knoppix filesystem=====<br />
extract_compressed_fs ${KNXROOT}/mnt/KNOPPIX/KNOPPIX > \<br />
${KNXROOT}/KNOPPIX.src.iso<br />
cd ${KNXROOT}; umount ${KNXROOT}/mnt<br />
mount -t iso9660 -o ro,loop=/dev/loop/0 \<br />
${KNXROOT}/KNOPPIX.src.iso ${KNXROOT}/mnt<br />
<br />
=====Copy files over to old source dir=====<br />
cp -Rp ${KNXROOT}/mnt/* ${OLDSRCDIR}<br />
umount ${KNXROOT}/mnt<br />
rmdir ${KNXROOT}/mnt<br />
<br />
=====Go into old source dir and reconstruct Knoppix specific packages=====<br />
chroot ${OLDSRCDIR}<br />
dpkg --get-selections > dpkg.selections.txt<br />
COLUMNS=200<br />
KNOPPIX_PACKAGES=`dpkg -l "*knoppix*" | grep ^ii |awk '{print $2} '`<br />
KNOPPIX_PACKAGES+=`dpkg -l "*2\.6*" | grep "^ii" |awk '{print $2} '`<br />
# The following list is based on knoppix 5.1, you may have to change<br />
# it for other versions<br />
KNOPPIX_PACKAGES+="linux-kernel-headers \<br />
linux-sound-base \<br />
loop-aes-utils \<br />
madwifi-tools \<br />
ndiswrapper-utils"<br />
<br />
Make packages from original Knoppix version. You will get lots of errors that it can't find necessary files (mostly in /usr/share...) on this next step; you can safely ignore them.<br />
cd knxfiles<br />
for PACKAGE in ${KNOPPIX_PACKAGES};<br />
{<br />
dpkg-repack ${PACKAGE}<br />
};<br />
exit<br />
<br />
Get bootstrap files, copy selections and /usr/src over to new source dir<br />
debootstrap --arch ${ARCH} ${DEBIAN_RELEASE} ${NEWSRCDIR} ${DEBIAN_MIRROR}<br />
cp -prd ${OLDSRCDIR}/knxfiles ${OLDSRCDIR}/dpkg.selections.txt ${NEWSRCDIR}<br />
cp -Rp ${OLDSRCDIR}/usr/src/* ${NEWSRCDIR}/usr/src<br />
<br />
chroot to new source dir<br />
chroot ${NEWSRCDIR} /usr/bin/env -i HOME=/root TERM=$TERM \<br />
PS1='\u:\w\$ ' PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin /bin/bash --login<br />
<br />
Install dependencies required for Knoppix, answer "y" to all queries<br />
<br />
[[apt-get]] update<br />
[[apt-get]] install \<br />
gawk \<br />
perl \<br />
libdb4.4 \<br />
perl-modules \<br />
console-tools \<br />
console-data \<br />
console-common \<br />
pciutils \<br />
libpci2 \<br />
udev \<br />
libvolume-id0 \<br />
pump \<br />
dhcp3-common \<br />
binutils \<br />
debhelper \<br />
dpkg-dev \<br />
file \<br />
gettext \<br />
html2text \<br />
intltool-debian \<br />
libmagic1 \<br />
make \<br />
patch \<br />
po-debconf \<br />
modutils<br />
useradd -m knoppix<br />
echo 'deb-src http://debian-knoppix.alioth.debian.org ./' \<br />
>> /etc/apt/sources.list<br />
echo 'deb http://debian-knoppix.alioth.debian.org ./' \<br />
>> /etc/apt/sources.list<br />
<br />
Update and install knoppix specific deb's, you will get some errors in the dpkg step, ignore them<br />
[[apt-get]] [[apt-get#update|update]]<br />
[[dpkg]] -i /knxfiles/* # Say "NO" to "stop install since..."<br />
rm -rf /knxfiles<br />
<br />
NOTE: The following will install EVERYTHING that was in the original CD! At this point you are going to start seeing errors. Mostly because the configure scripts are trying to do things to your run-time system and they are failing since you are in a chroot. If the errors are from dmraid samba, telnetd-ssl, etc then you can safely ignore them.<br />
<br />
[[apt-get]] -f install<br />
for pkg in `grep "\binstall$" dpkg.selections.txt | awk '{print $1} '`; \<br />
do apt-get -y --force-yes install $pkg; done<br />
dselect update<br />
[[apt-get]] dselect-upgrade<br />
<br />
Install extra stuff if you want (optional).<br />
<br />
[[apt-get]] install whatever<br />
<br />
Now it's time for a sanity check, if you do:<br />
[[dpkg]] --status xserver-xorg-video-nv<br />
<br />
and it tells you it's not installed then something is wrong and you need to force dpkg to install this (and many more probably missing)<br />
<br />
Clean up if you want to get rid of some space so it fits on a CD<br />
chmod 755 /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc # fix mode on xinitrc<br />
[[apt-get]] remove kde-i18n* # this is optional<br />
deborphan | xargs [[apt-get]] -y remove # do this until nothing left to orphan<br />
COLUMNS=200 [[dpkg]] -l |grep ^rc |awk '{print $2} ' | xargs [[dpkg]] -P<br />
[[apt-get]] [[apt-get#clean|clean]]<br />
# this is optional, if you need space:<br />
cd /var/lib/apt/lists; rm -f *Packages *Release *Release.gpg<br />
rm -rf /var/lib/dpkg/*old /var/cache/debconf/*old \<br />
/var/cache/apt/*bin /usr/share/doc/*<br />
exit<br />
<br />
==Finalize==<br />
Prep startup rc startup scripts, (dead link)<br />
<br />
rm -rf ${NEWSRCDIR}/etc/rc* ${NEWSRCDIR}/etc/inittab ${NEWSRCDIR}/etc/passwd<br />
cp -ax ${OLDSRCDIR}/etc/inittab ${OLDSRCDIR}/etc/passwd \<br />
${OLDSRCDIR}/etc/rc* ${NEWSRCDIR}/etc<br />
<br />
We're basically done but if you want to make any changes with how Knoppix starts or what comes up when it starts, this is the place to do it. You could just copy stuff to /etc/skel so that you have it on your new cd under /home/knoppix<br />
==Build The CD==<br />
*Make the compressed KNOPPIX CLOOP file<br />
<br />
[[mkisofs]] -R -U -V "Knoppix" -publisher "yourname" -hide-rr-moved \<br />
-cache-inodes -no-bak -pad ${NEWSRCDIR} | nice -5 \<br />
/usr/bin/create_compressed_fs - 65536 > ${MASTERDIR}/KNOPPIX/KNOPPIX<br />
<br />
Create the knoppix.iso file <br />
<br />
[[mkisofs]] -pad -l -r -J -v -V "KNOPPIX" -no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 \<br />
-boot-info-table -b boot/isolinux/isolinux.bin -c boot/isolinux/boot.cat \<br />
-hide-rr-moved -o ${KNXROOT}/knoppix.iso ${MASTERDIR}<br />
<br />
Try it out<br />
qemu -m 128 -cdrom ${KNXROOT}/knoppix.iso -boot d<br />
<br />
Burn it<br />
k3b ${KNXROOT}/knoppix.iso<br />
<br />
<br />
=SPECIAL THANKS & SUPPORT=<br />
*If this was of help, feel free to post a [http://www.knoppix.net/wikinew/index.php?title=Talk:Debootstrap_to_LiveCD&action=edit&section=new message]<br />
*[http://www.knoppix.net/wikinew/index.php?title=Talk:Debootstrap_to_LiveCD&action=edit&section=new Support]<br />
*How do I find what files belong to what packages? [[whatpackage|answer]]<br />
[[Category: Remastering Knoppix ]]</div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/Hd_Based_HowToHd Based HowTo2011-02-16T16:28:27Z<p>Clinton: Reverted edits by Brianpalmer2010 (Talk); changed back to last version by Layman</p>
<hr />
<div>liacoulas<br />
=== HOWTO copy the Knoppix file to harddisk and Boot it. ===<br />
<br />
The option of running Knoppix from a copy of the compressed file system has been around for years. Contributors have suggested numerous methods for accomplishing this, and it is frequently called a "poor man's" install. Despite the pejorative nature of this name, it can be extremely powerful in its function.<br />
<br />
Recently, Knoppix has undergone some changes, and some of the older methods for accomplishing this are outdated and no longer work with newer versions of Knoppix. On the other hand, some of the newer methods do not work with older versions, so the older methods need to remain as a resource for those using older versions of Knoppix. Be aware of this, and choose an installation method adapted to the version you are using.<br />
<br />
Listed below are some other viable methods of running Knoppix from a HD copy of the CD filesystem. Some are for previous versions of Knoppix, some use bootloaders, and some rely on the creation of bootable devices, and some appear to be scrambled remnants left over from previous versions of the WIKI. Use whatever works best for you, and I hope that the previous authors will edit their own contributions and forgive me for not sorting out what has become a jumble of alternative methods.(JD)<br />
<br />
----<br />
<br />
See also: [[Pivot Root Install]] (HD install to a non-bootable partition) and [[Poor Mans Install]] (copy the CD contents to the hard drive to free up your CD drive).<br />
<br />
----<br />
<br />
<br />
Q: how can i make my whole (not only 700mb) harddrive as compressed system? and the system is also writeable. (just like the old days' doublespace/stacker)<br />
----<br />
See '''[[Knoppix Hard Disk Scripts]]'''.<br />
<br />
With this installation method you copy the file containing the '''compressed Knoppix filesystem''' from the CD or ISO to your HD, and then set it up to boot in some way.<br />
<br />
==== Pros: ====<br />
* The CDROM drive can be used for other things<br />
* It can be done without repartitioning (on FAT16/32 and Linux partitions)<br />
* It only uses ~700MB, compared to 2.3GB for the real installation<br />
<br />
''But...''<br />
<br />
Knoppix will run as if it were from a physical CD, so you cannot install anything, unless you do a 'normal' install. Everytime you boot, the hardware will recognised new, so you can use this harddisk ''like'' a CD and plug it into new PCs. This is handy for preinstalling Knoppix on PCs/Laptops without CD-ROM.<br />
<br />
This is different from [[Hd Based HowTo]] and [[Install FAQ]], in the way that Install FAQ describes how to install Knoppix so it will run on a (single) PC like a normal GNU/Linux installation. If you want to install software, you should consider a [http://www.knoppix.net/wiki/Hd_Install_HowTo real harddisk install].<br />
<br />
'''Note:''' The compressed filesystem is NOT the ISO(!), it is a 700MB '''file named KNOPPIX''' within the ISO.<br />
<br />
=== WARNING, YOU SHOULD KNOW WHAT YOU'RE DOING !!! ===<br />
'''IF YOU ARE NOT EXPERIENCED WITH GNU/LINUX and LILO'''<br />
: THIS HOWTO IS NOT FOR YOU !!!<br />
<br />
Please ask a friend, experienced with GNU/LINUX,<br />
or use KNOPPIX only from CD-ROM<br />
<br />
Backups, Learning/Reading and talking with friends are<br />
always good ideas before trying new things.<br />
Like KNOPPIX itself, these ideas are to use on your own risk.<br />
<br />
(Is this really necesary you can do this easily without hurting the system)<br />
<br />
Okay, now you have read the warnings we can proceed with the real thing :-)<br />
----<br />
<br />
=== To run Knoppix from HD as it were from CD you can choose to: ===<br />
** Run Knoppix, copy it to HD & make the hd-copy bootable with a '''bootfloppy'''<br />
** Run Knoppix, copy it to HD & make the hd-copy bootable with '''LILO on HD'''<br />
** Run GNU/Linux, copy Knoppix to HD and '''configure LILO'''<br />
** Run Microsoft Windows, copy Knoppix to HD & make it bootable with a '''bootfloppy'''<br />
** Run Microsoft Windows, copy Knoppix to HD & boot with loadlin<br />
* Boot the Knoppix '''ISO''' directly<br />
* Boot with [[PXE FAQ|PXE]] via network<br />
* Boot from smartdisk, usb-stick, ROM....<br />
<br />
<br />
NOTE ::: Many of these methods refer to versions of Knoppix Prior to 3.4 .... If you'd like a simple , safe and well-tested 'Poor-man's' install for 3.4 (_1.5. above ) go here ...[[Poor Mans Install]]<br />
<br />
=== 1.1. Run Knoppix, copy it to HD & make the hd-copy bootable with ''bootfloppy'' ===<br />
<br />
I believe this has been deprecated by the [[Cheat Codes|cheatcode]] '''tohd''', which copies the 700MB iso to the ext/FAT partition of your choice. Create a Knoppix boot floppy or boot from the CD and use fromhd to boot from the HD (then eject the floppy/CD). I just tested this and it works, but please delete this entry if I'm full of it :-)<br />
<br />
<br />
* Boot from a Knoppix CD (whatever version you already have).<br />
<br />
* Create a linux partition (see [[Partition Managers]]) large enough to hold at least 2 ISO images (at least 1.5GB). Let's call this ''/dev/hdXX''.<br />
<br />
* Format this linux partition as an ext2 or ext3 filesystem.<br />
**'''mkfs -t ext2 /dev/hd''XX'''''<br />
* Mount this linux partition<br />
**'''mkdir -p /mnt/staging && mount /dev/hd''XX'' /mnt/staging'''<br />
* Download a new Knoppix ISO image and md5 checksum (whatever version you want to test) into /mnt/staging. Let's call it ''Knoppix-new.iso''<br />
<br />
* Use md5sum to check whether the ISO image is fine.<br />
**'''md5sum -c ''Knoppix-new.iso''.md5'''<br />
* Mount this ISO image using loopback<br />
**'''mkdir -p /mnt/newknoppix<br />
**'''mount -t iso9660 -o loop,ro /mnt/staging/''Knoppix-new.iso'' /mnt/newknoppix<br />
* Copy the contents of the ISO to /mnt/staging<br />
**'''cd /mnt/newknoppix<br />
**'''cp -a * /mnt/staging<br />
* Create a boot floppy using the boot.img from the downloaded Knoppix-new.iso<br />
**'''dd if=/mnt/newknoppix/KNOPPIX/boot.img of=/dev/fd0<br />
<br />
Assuming everything went fine so far, we are ready to boot from the floppy. There should be no other filesystem on the machine with a valid KNOPPIX directory that come earlier in the search order.<br />
<br />
* Make sure to sync and unmount all filesystems mounted rw.<br />
**'''sync<br />
**'''umount /mnt/newknoppix/<br />
**'''umount /mnt/staging/<br />
* Reboot leaving the floppy in the drive.<br />
**'''shutdown -r now'''<br />
* Make sure the BIOS boots from the floppy drive.<br />
<br />
As it boots the KNOPPIX directory should be discovered and booted into a full fledged Knoppix system as though running from CD. If it fails you will be thrown into a small recovery shell. If this happens, revisit the earlier steps, read the man pages for all the commands, fix any errors, come back and update this procedure.<br />
<br />
I hope this is useful to you.<br />
<br />
Comment: If the above doesn't work, perhaps you need to make a directory KNOPPIX on you partition and then copy the file also called KNOPPIX (which is about 690MB) into this directory. This worked for me with Knoppix 3.2<br />
<br />
----<br />
<br />
=== 1.2. Run Knoppix, copy it to HD & make the hd-copy bootable with ''LILO on HD'' ===<br />
<br />
=== 1.2.1. Knoppix 3.4 version only ===<br />
''(rd) Because I couldn't find the info anywhere, I tried myself and succeeded in making a dual boot win98/knoppix3.4 with lilo and a persistent homedir. Here are the steps I took:''<br />
==== Procedure: ====<br />
* Partition the harddisk to make room for knoppix:<br />
** ext2 partition /dev/hda6 used to boot the kernel with lilo (10 Meg) ''(Note: I put the files lilo needs on the same partition as the Knoppix image, as I saw no reason to have a dedicated partition for them. - pestie)''<br />
** ext2 partition /dev/hda7 for the knoppix image (I used 1000 Meg, but 800 Meg should be enough) ''(Note: for some reason 800Mb wasn't quite enough for me; I used 900Mb. - jansi)''<br />
** swap partition /dev/hda8 (I used 256 Meg, but depends on your physical RAM)<br />
** ext2 partition /dev/hda9 for the persistent home (any value you can spare)<br />
* Boot the knoppix cd with the cheatcode "tohd=/dev/hda7". This will copy the knoppix image to disk.<br />
* Reboot the knoppix cd with the cheatcode "fromhd=/dev/hda7" and check if it runs without the cd.<br />
* Make the persistent homedir via the knoppix menu (penguin icon->configuration->make persistent dir).<br />
* Do not save your KNOPPIX configuration via the menu, all changes to the environment will be saved automatically because of the persistent home.<br />
* Copy the files from /boot to /mnt/hda6. Also copy the file "/mnt/cdrom/boot/isolinux/minirt24.gz" from the cd to /mnt/hda6.<br />
* Copy /etc/lilo.conf to /mnt/hda6 and make the following boot entries (do not forget to uncomment the line with "prompt", or else the lilo boot menu will not appear):<br />
<br />
image=/mnt/hda6/vmlinuz<br />
initrd=/mnt/hda6/minirt24.gz<br />
append="fromhd=/dev/hda7 home=/dev/hda9 apm=power-off lang=nl \<br />
hda=scsi hdb=scsi hdc=scsi hdd=scsi hde=scsi hdf=scsi \<br />
hdg=scsi hdh=scsi"<br />
root=/dev/hda7<br />
label=Knoppix<br />
read-write<br />
<br />
other=/dev/hda1<br />
label=Windows98<br />
<br />
* Mount the /mnt/hda6 partition temporary as /boot so lilo writes its map-file to the right place (sudo mount /dev/hda6 /boot)<br />
* Let lilo write the boot loader to the master boot record (sudo lilo -C /mnt/hda6/lilo.conf)<br />
* Remove the knoppix cd-rom and reboot. Now lilo will show you the menu and you can choose between win98 and knoppix.<br />
* That's it. Enjoy.<br />
<br />
''Note (jansi): These instructions would also work with Knoppix 3.7 except for lilo giving "device-mapper" errors. To work around this, I simply booted from a Knoppix 3.4 CD after finishing the above instructions, then entered these commands:''<br />
sudo mount /dev/hda6 /mnt/hda6<br />
sudo mount /dev/hda6 /boot<br />
sudo lilo -C /mnt/hda6/lilo.conf<br />
<br />
''Note (pestie): The device mapper errors occur because the dm_mod module isn't loaded at boot in 3.7+. Just do this before running lilo:''<br />
sudo modprobe dm_mod<br />
''Ignore any warnings about /proc/partitions not matching /dev, etc. They're purely informational, and lilo will still work fine.''<br />
<br />
=== 1.2.2. Knoppix <= 3.3 version ===<br />
'''Note:''' ''the short and detailed version seem to be different''... uhm?<br />
<br />
''(rhk) I'm trying to do this, without success so far. I'll put some notes (in italics) at the place(s) where I have questions (maybe only one place at first. For information, I am trying to install Knoppix 3.1.''<br />
<br />
LILO can't boot ISO files, so it is neccessary to copy the Knoppix ISO content to hd. Also copy the content of boot.image to /boot. Because the Knoppix-boot-skript is not used, read about the [[Cheat Codes]] and add the one you need to your lilo.conf under append="..."<br />
<br />
To learn more about Lilo, read the LILO-mini-HOWTO (dead link).<br />
<br />
==== In short: ====<br />
* Boot Knoppix by CD-ROM<br />
* You need a partition with >700 MB free space (vfat, ext2 or ext3) in this example ''/dev/hda3''<br />
* Open a root-shell ('''sudo bash''')<br />
**'''mount /cdrom<br />
**'''mount /dev/hda3 /mnt/hda3<br />
**'''cp -R /cdrom/ /mnt/hda3/<br />
**'''mkdir /mnt/floppy-loop<br />
**'''mkdir /mnt/hda3/boot/<br />
**'''cp /boot/System.map /mnt/hda3/boot/<br />
**'''mount /cdrom/KNOPPIX/boot-en.img /mnt/floppy-loop -o loop -t vfat<br />
**'''cp /mnt/floppy-loop/* /mnt/hda3/boot<br />
**'''cp /etc/lilo.conf /mnt/hda3/boot<br />
**'''vi /mnt/hda3/boot/lilo.conf<br />
**'''ln -sf /mnt/hda3/boot/ /><br />
**'''lilo -C /mnt/hda3/boot/lilo.conf''' (or '''lilo -C /boot/lilo.conf)<br />
* Reboot without CD-ROM<br />
<br />
Sorry people. Distro 3.4 has a different folders' structure, e.g. I couldn't locate the boot-en.img (I assume you mean /cdrom/KNOPPIX/KNOPPIX). Anyway<br />
I had problems with this instruction<br />
<br />
mount /cdrom/KNOPPIX/boot-en.img /mnt/floppy-loop -o loop -t vfat<br />
It says:<br />
<br />
"/dev/loop0 damaged or fs not supported" ... really really strange. Could someone please update the info on this page? I mean info to copy knop image on hd and boot it by means of lilo?<br />
Thanks a lot!<br />
<br />
==== With comments, step by step: ====<br />
*Boot Knoppix from CD-ROM<br />
*You need a partition with >700 MB free space (vfat, ext2 or ext3) for example ''/dev/hda3'', but choose a partition you like. This partition must not contain these files and directories on root-level: autorun.bat, ''boot'', ''index.html'', knoppix.ico, Talks, autorun.inf, Demos, ''KNOPPIX''. To be on save side, use an one empty partiton ;)<br />
**'''mount /dev/hda3 /mnt/hda3<br />
**'''cp -R /dev/cdrom /mnt/hda3<br />
**'''mkdir /mnt/floppy-loop<br />
**'''mount /cdrom/KNOPPIX/boot-en.img /mnt/floppy-loop -o loop -t vfat_<br />
*The directory /mnt/floppy will used as mountpoint, "-o loop" allows to mount a file as device.<br />
**'''mkdir /mnt/hda3/boot/<br />
**'''cp /mnt/floppy-loop/* /mnt/hda3/boot_<br />
*There are only 2 files needed "miniroot.gz" & "vmlinuz"<br />
**'''cp /etc/lilo.conf /mnt/hda3/boot<br />
*To configure lilo is lilo.conf needed. Take /etc/lilo.conf as example.<br />
**'''vi /mnt/hda3/boot/lilo.conf<br />
/etc/lilo.conf - See: `lilo(8)' and `lilo.conf(5)'<br />
lba32<<br />
boot=/dev/hda #This hd will use lilo to write into the MBR<br />
delay=200 #Time in ms to chooce the lilo-menue<br />
timeout=200 #Time in ms to choose with lilo-menue<br />
vga=0 #You can choose other modis here<br />
<br />
default=Knoppix #The default boot-profile<br><br>#Start of boot-profile 1<br />
<br />
image=/boot/KNOPPIX-3.1-DE/vmlinuz # The kernel<br />
<br />
append="lang=de ramdisk_size=100000 init=/etc/init apm=power-off \<br />
hda=scsi hdb=scsi hdc=scsi hdd=scsi hde=scsi hdf=scsi hdg=scsi hdh=scsi \<br />
vga=791 initrd=KNOPPIX-3.10-DE/miniroot.gz nomce quiet \<br />
BOOT_IMAGE=knoppix" #add initrd path to miniroot.gz<br />
''(rhk) I changed my append line to look like the above, but I get a bunch of errors when I try to run lilo, including things like KNOPPIX-3.1 not found. Maybe the errors are all due to the problem with the cp -R command, but I probably need some more explanation of what needs to be changed in lilo.conf.''<br />
<br />
<br />
label="Knoppix"# label of your profil<br />
root=/dev/hda3 # partiton where lilo can found the directory /boot<br />
read-only<br />
initrd=/boot/KNOPPIX-3.1-DE/miniroot.gz<br />
* LILO has to write to /boot/map. Because the CD-ROM is read-only this will fail. Link the new /mnt/hda3/boot/ directory over /boot. But be aware to use full pathnames and use only "/" as linkname.<br />
**'''ln -sf /mnt/hda3/boot/ /<br />
**'''lilo -C /mnt/hda3/boot/lilo.conf<br />
<br />
*LILO should say what's added. If you have an error here, check the steps before. (alternative you can use '''lilo -C /boot/lilo.conf''')<br />
*Reboot without CD-ROM<br />
<br />
=== Two things we still need to solve: ===<br />
- read/write access to the partition we are booting knoppix from<br />
- save Knoppix.config on the HD and boot with it<br />
<br />
''(rhk) Below, Henk Poley asks if this German section is still required -- I think it is, although English would be better. I'm not sure I understand the questions -- do we want read/write access to the partition we are booting knoppix from? Is that in order to store data files and install other programs? I haven't read all the other FAQs yet, but it seems there are FAQs on putting your /home directory on the hard drive, and booting with something like Knoppix.sh for "persistent options" -- maybe those solve the problems?''<br />
<br />
Ideas how to do this:<br />
<br />
; probono am 10.02.2003 : Ich habe den Ordner KNOPPIX mit dem 700 MB File knoppix auf eine<br />
ext3-Partition (bei mir hda2) kopiert und ein bereits vorhandenes LILO<br />
so konfiguriert, dass Knoppix von HD gebootet wird.<br />
<br />
Desweiteren habe ich in meiner knoppix.sh stehen:<br><br />
'''mount /dev/hda2 /cdrom -o remount,rw'''<br />
<br />
Jetzt habe ich von Knoppix heraus auch Schreibzugriff auf die ext3-Partition!<br />
<br />
Idee: Ich hatte zufaellig schon eine bestehende LILO-Installation.<br />
Koennte man aber nicht auf diese Weise Knoppix "from scratch" auf eine<br />
leere HD aufspielen: 1. ext3 formatieren 2. Knoppix komprimiert<br />
draufkopieren 3. LILO von Knoppix aus einrichten 4. remount,rw in die<br />
knoppix.sh schreiben 5. /home/knoppix abaendern, so dass es auf<br />
die HD zeigt ---> fertig! Was denkt ihr?<br />
<br />
pr0ct0man 10.02.2003<br />
Klingt eigentlich recht logisch, probono...<br />
Let's try it !<br />
<br />
Ich probier jetzt erstmal dein ''mount /dev/hda5/cdrom -o remount,rw'' in der knoppix.sh<br />
<br />
Wo hast Du das eingetragen ? Meine sieht wie folgt aus:<br><br>#!/bin/sh<br><br />
[[[ "`id -u`" = "0" ]]] || { echo "You need root privileges to modify the system!" >&2 ; exit 1; }<br><br />
[[[ -d "$1" ]]] && CONFIGS="$1/configs.tbz"<br><br />
[[[ -f "$CONFIGS" ]]] || CONFIGS="/cdrom/KNOPPIX/configs.tbz"<br><br />
[[[ -f "$CONFIGS" ]]] || CONFIGS="/mnt/floppy/configs.tbz"<br><br />
if [[[ -f "$CONFIGS" ]]]; then<br><br />
echo " [1mExtracting config archive $CONFIGS... [0m"<br><br />
tar -jpPtf "$CONFIGS" | while read i; do rm -f "$i"; done<br><br />
tar -jpPxf "$CONFIGS" ; chown -R knoppix.knoppix /home/knoppix<br><br />
fi<br />
<br />
Grüsse, pr0ct0man<br />
<br />
<br />
''Nirro, 19/2/04 :''<br />
''Anyone can translate that to english please ?<br><br />
I'm facing the same problem - I can't mount /dev/hda1 after booting<br />
knoppix from this partition.''<br><br />
''by the way I succeded to do something new and cool, I think, using<br />
the topologilinux grub bootloader, details - soon.''<br><br />
''Update - I added to knoppix.sh the line : '''mount -o remount,rw /cdrom'''''<br><br />
''Now I can mount hda1, but only root have a write permission to it. any solutions ?''<br />
<br />
Alternatively, you can boot Knoppix into a partition other than the default. This is very useful if you want to test your Knoppix hack and don't have a floppy (!!). It worked for me:<br />
<br />
*boot your Knoppix from cd-rom;<br />
<br />
*as root, mount a partition, i.e. /dev/hda3 under /mnt/hda3<br />
<br />
**'''knoppix$ sudo su; mount -o rw /dev/hda3 /mnt/hda3<br />
<br />
**'''cp -Rp /KNOPPIX /mnt/hda3<br />
<br />
*logout and reboot normally<br />
<br />
*mount /dev/hda3 under /mnt/hda3<br />
<br />
**'''cp /mnt/hda3/KNOPPIX/boot /mnt/hda3<br />
<br />
**'''cd /mnt/hda3; mkdir home; cd home; mkdir knoppix; chown knoppix.knoppix knoppix;<br />
<br />
*make a symbolic link for every dir from /mnt/hda3/KNOPPIX to /mnt/hda3 except home, i.e. ln -s KNOPPIX/etc .<br />
<br />
*copy the vmlinuz file into your /boot;<br />
<br />
**/mnt/hda3# '''ln -s boot/vmlinuz .<br />
<br />
*modify your lilo.conf in order to boot from hda3, I suggest :<br />
<br />
image=/boot/knoppix<br />
label="knoppix"<br />
root=/dev/hda3<br />
vga=788<br />
read-only<br />
<br />
I had to chroot in to the new environment in order to run lilo after editing /mnt/hda3/etc/lilo.conf -<br />
knoppix$ sudo su; chroot /mnt/hda3; mount -o proc /proc proc ''<br />
<br />
*As root in chroot, run:<br />
<br />
**'''lilo -C /etc/lilo.conf<br />
<br />
*reboot!!!<br />
<br />
As a side effect, you have a persistent home for user knoopix in order to configure your environment and put the confs into /etc/skel ;-)<br />
<br />
hope this help, every questions to maX (coccolesto@inwind.it)<br />
<br />
=== 1.3. Run GNU/Linux, copy Knoppix to HD and ''configure lilo'' ===<br />
<br />
==== 1.3.1 Follow the steps outlined in 1.1 to copy knoppix to HD ====<br />
<br />
The first example assumes the KNOPPIX CD has been installed to HD using ''tohd=/dev/hda6'' cheat code. Replace /dev/hda6 with the partition you used.<br />
<br />
With version 3.7 it appears to be possible to run knoppix directly from an iso placed on a hard disk by using specific cheat codes. This would require one to change ''fromhd=/dev/hda6''from append to those specific cheat codes but otherwise the following procedure should remain the same.<br />
<br />
==== 1.3.2 Configure lilo to load knoppix from HD ====<br />
<br />
===== Verified for version 3.7 with kernel 2.6.9 : =====<br />
<br />
* Boot to a GNU/Linux system with lilo and a kernel with loop device enabled.<br />
<br />
* Make a copy of kernel and initial root system<br />
mkdir /mnt/knoppix-iso<br />
mount -o loop /path/to/your/knoppix-cd.iso /mnt/knoppix-iso<br />
mkdir /boot/knoppix<br />
cd /mnt/knoppix-iso/boot/isolinux/<br />
cp linux26 minirt26.gz /boot/knoppix/<br />
* Add following to lilo.conf:<br />
image=/boot/knoppix/linux26<br />
initrd=/boot/knoppix/minirt26.gz <br />
label=Knoppix_HD<br />
append="ramdisk_size=100000 init=/etc/init fromhd=/dev/hda6"<br />
* Rerun lilo<br />
<br />
<br />
===== Verified for version 3.2 : =====<br />
<br />
* Boot your original GNU/Linux, mount a bootable Knoppix floppy, created in the paragraph 1.1:<br />
mount /floppy<br />
<br />
* Then create a KNOPPIX directory and copy a knoppix floppy image over there:<br />
mkdir /boot/KNOPPIX3.2<br />
cp /floppy/* /boot/KNOPPIX3.2/<br />
* Add the following to the /etc/lilo.conf:<br />
image=/boot/KNOPPIX3.2/vmlinuz<br />
append="ramdisk_size=100000\<br />
init=/etc/init initrd=KNOPPIX3.2/miniroot.gz BOOT_IMAGE=knoppix"<br />
root=/dev/hda3<br />
read-only<br />
initrd=/boot/KNOPPIX3.2/miniroot.gz<br />
label="knoppix"<br />
<br />
* Run "lilo" and reboot.<br />
<br />
=== 1.4. Run Microsoft Windows, copy Knoppix to HD & make it bootable with ''bootmedia'' ===<br />
<br />
Also called "poormans install" ;-)<br />
<br />
NOTE: The partition (i.e. drive) that you are copying to (the D partition in the example below) must be a fat32 partition. If it is NTFS, the install will not boot.<br />
<br />
*Copy the ''CD'':\KNOPPIX\KNOPPIX file to ''HD'':\KNOPPIX\<br />
**'''E:\KNOPPIX\>mkdir D:\KNOPPIX<br />
*'''E:\KNOPPIX\>copy KNOPPIX D:\KNOPPIX\<br />
1 files(s) copied<br />
*Make the bootfloppy. Start "mkfloppy.bat" on the CD in the KNOPPIX folder.<br />
**'''E:\KNOPPIX\>mkfloppy<br />
*Boot from the floppy or the [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/keydrive USB keydrive] You need a [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/BIOS BIOS] that can boot from Floppy (all) or from keydrive (USB-ZIP option). It should scan for the KNOPPIX file and find it on the harddisk.<br />
*Enjoy<br />
<br />
=== 1.5 Run Microsoft Windows 98 or 95, copy Knoppix to HD & boot with loadlin ===<br />
<br />
*Open ISO with [[http://www.winimage.com/winima61.exe Win Image]] Extract extract the directory ''ISO:''\KNOPPIX\ to C:\ (The C:\KNOPPIX\KNOPPIX file should be ~700MB)<br />
*Open the C:\KNOPPIX\boot.img with {tools {Win Image}} and extract ''vmlinuz'' and ''miniroot.img'' to C:\KNOPPIX\Loadlin (you will need to create this directory)<br />
*Download [tools loadling 1.6c] or later to C:\KNOPPIX}\Loadlin\ (remmember to extract it)<br />
*now reboot to DOS, you can do this by pressing F8 while rebooting the computer.<br />
*Change directory to the loadlin dir: "CD KNOPPIX\loadlin"<br />
*Execute loadlin "loadlin.exe vmlinuz root=/dev/hda1 lang=en ro"<br />
<br />
Now Knoppix should boot..<br />
<br />
=== 1.5.1 Loadlin with Win9x/Dos ===<br />
<br />
This page need organizing and some translation cleanup.<br />
There is another possibility for people who don't have a floppy or CD-ROM drive, don't want to or can't mess with lilo, and only have dos or win95/98 with the knoppix iso extracted on to any hard drive partion. Loadlin (dead link) (be sure you have 1.6c!! 1.6 has lots of issues with many recent kernels). It is a simple program to load the linux kernel into memory. It's sort of mentioned above:<br />
<br />
Extract loadlin.exe from that zip and extract the kernel from the KNOPPIX/boot.img file with software like [[http://www.winimage.com/winima61.exe Win Image]] (download installer)]] then move both the miniroot.gz and vmlinuz files into for instance c:/img. Boot to dos.<br />
C:> cd img<br><br />
C:> loadlin.exe vmlinuz root=/dev/hda1 initrd=miniroot.gz lang=en ro<br><br />
And with any luck Knoppix will load fine, like normal.<br />
<br />
=== 1.5.1.1 [[Load Lin]] in spanish ===<br />
Loadlin.exe vmlinuz initrd=miniroot.gz lang=es ro<br />
<br />
*Feedback:<br />
**I've tried this loadlin option and it almost worked. Knoppix booted but when it got to start the Xfree graphical desktop it said something like that it can not find a module for my graphic card. Booting from the CD works fine.<br />
**It is possible to simplify the method 1.3, to avoid using a floppy.<br />
<br />
*Here is how I did it :<br />
*instead of creating a floppy with dd and then to copy its content, just mount the boot.img file :<br />
**'''mkdir mnt2 /boot/KNOPPIX3.2<br />
**'''*mount /mnt/newknoppix/KNOPPIX/boot.img mnt2 -o loop<br />
**'''cp mnt2/ /boot/KNOPPIX3.2/<br />
*[[Yann Cochard]]<br />
<br />
----<br />
<br />
=== 1.6 Dual booting [[Poor Mans Install]] with Windows using Grub on HD ===<br />
<br />
The following steps have been used with several types of Windows installations to make them dual-bootable with a KNOPPIX [[Poor Mans Install]], including Win2k and WinXP on NTFS, and Win98 and WinME on FAT32. These instructions assume that your hard drive is setup as one big partition with Windows already installed. <br />
<br />
Be aware that GRUB (like LILO) will be erase whatever you currently have installed on your hard drive's MBR, so if you are afraid of losing whatever is on there now, you might want to back-up the MBR (google "dd if=/dev/hda of=/dev/fd0 bs=512 count=1"), and anything else in your Windows installation you can't live without. <br />
<br />
'''Procedure'''<br />
<br />
The biggest job is shrinking the size of the Windows partition (hda1) in order to make room for the two new partitions that KNOPPIX will need. <br />
<br />
These are the guidelines used for setting up the partitions: <br />
<br />
*'''hda1''' -- format: FAT32 or NTFS, Size: Big. This holds the entire pre-existing WinXX installation, and will be shrunk at least 1.2 gig to hold KNOPPIX PMI and swap file.<br />
*'''hda2''' -- format: ext2, Size >= 950 meg. This will hold the KNOPPIX boot image, KNOPPIX boot file, GRUB files, persistent home directory, and (if desired) the KNOPPIX saved configuration file. <br />
*'''hda3''' -- format: Linux swap, >=200 meg.<br />
<br />
To prepare the HD, these instructions use the linux tool QTParted, following these steps: <br />
<br />
* Boot your computer from the KNOPPIX CD (preferably with the "noswap" option) <br />
* Open a terminal window and type "sudo qtparted &" <br />
* When QTParted opens, select /dev/hda in the upper-left pane. In a little while, the upper-right pane with a diagram of hda1 should appear. <br />
* In the upper-right pane, right-click hda1 and select "Resize." Then slide the right-edge of the hda1 partition to the left just enough to get the >=1.2 gigs needed to make hda2 and hda3. <br />
* When the free space (gray area) shows up in the right-pane, right-click in it and select "Create." Set the type to "ext2" and the size to >= 950 meg. <br />
* Next right-click in the last remaining free space in the pane, and set all of it to type "Linux Swap." <br />
* Select "Commit" from the Device menu. <br />
* Completely shut down the computer ("sudo shutdown -h now"), leaving the disk in the computer. <br />
* When the computer has completely shutdown, restart the computer and boot normally from the KNOPPIX CD. <br />
* Once fully booted, go under the KNOPPIX menu "Configure" entry and select "Create a persistent KNOPPIX home directory." When prompted, select "/dev/hda2", whole partition, no encryption. <br />
* Open a terminal and type the following: <br />
su <br />
mount /dev/hda2 /mnt/hda2 <br />
cd /mnt/hda2/ <br />
mkdir boot <br />
cd boot <br />
cp /boot/* . <br />
cp /mnt/cdrom/boot/isolinux/minirt24.gz . <br />
cd .. <br />
mkdir grub <br />
mount /dev/hda2 /boot <br />
cd /boot/grub <br />
emacs menu.lst & <br />
* In emacs, enter these lines: <br />
default=1 <br />
timeout=20 <br />
#splashimage=(hd0,1)/grub/hello.xpm.gz <br />
<br />
title Win <br />
rootnoverify (hd0,0) <br />
chainloader +1 <br />
<br />
title Knoppix <br />
kernel (hd0,1)/boot/vmlinuz fromhd=/dev/hda2 home=/dev/hda2 myconfig=/dev/hda2 /<br />
lang=en apm=power-off hda=scsi hdb=scsi hdc=scsi hdd=scsi hde=scsi hdf=scsi /<br />
hdg=scsi hdh=scsi <br />
initrd (hd0,1)/boot/minirt24.gz <br />
boot <br />
* Save the file (Ctrl-x Ctrl-s) and exit (Ctrl-x Ctrl-c). At the prompt type: <br />
grub-install hd0 <br />
Grub sometimes spits-out a lot of non-critical errors (at least I sometimes see them with certain machines), and it might act frozen for a spell. But it has always worked so far for me. Importantly, at the end of all the all the messages you should see "Installation finished. No error reported." <br />
* Now type <br />
shutdown -r now <br />
* Boot again from the KNOPPIX CD, but this time type with this option at the splashscreen to copy the KNOPPIX image to hda2: <br />
knoppix tohd=/dev/hda2 <br />
* When KNOPPIX is completely booted, set-up your network card, printers, desktop, screensaver, passwords, clock, .kde/Autostart scripts, and anything else you might want persistent, then save your KNOPPIX configuration to /dev/hda2 via "Configure" under the KNOPPIX menu. <br />
* Take the CD out. You are done with the instructions for Dual booting Poor Mans Install with Windows using GRUB on HD.<br />
<br />
''Notes: in some cases, using the kernel option "myconfig=/dev/hda2" seems to interfere with expected persistent home directory behavior invoked by kernel option "home=/dev/hda2" - sometimes even failing to give user a persistent home directory. Just eliminating the kernel option "myconfig=/dev/hda2" seems to get the persistent home directory back. But that some installations work as expected with both kernel options suggests that possibly the timing or order in which the KNOPPIX state is saved to the configuration files is critical (i.e. before or after saving persistent home directory), or perhaps the order of kernel options is important.''<br />
<br />
----<br />
<br />
=== 1.7 Triple-booting [[Poor Mans Install]] with Windows and GNU/Linux using Grub on HD ===<br />
<br />
''(tested with Knoppix 5.3.1 DVD, on a dual-boot system containing Windows XP and Debian etch)''<br />
<br />
* Create and format the new partition to hold Knoppix. Should be around 5GB, formatted as ext2 or ext3. You might have to resize existing partitions so be careful.<br />
* Know your partitions: in the following steps, '''hda9''' is the new partition and '''hda2''' is the partition of the current Linux system that holds its '''/boot''' directory. Make sure you change these to match the partitions on your system. Also these steps assume you are installing to the first hard disk on the system which grub calls '''hd0'''.<br />
* boot from the Knoppix DVD<br />
* copy Knoppix boot files to your existing boot partition:<br />
# become root<br />
su <br />
# mount existing linux partition that contains /boot<br />
mount /media/hda2<br />
# cd to /boot in this partition<br />
cd /media/hda2/boot<br />
# make a knoppix/ directory<br />
mkdir knoppix<br />
# cd to the new knoppix/ directory<br />
cd knoppix<br />
# copy knoppix boot files to /media/hda2/boot/knoppix/<br />
cp /boot/* . <br />
# Copy minirt.gz to /media/hda2/boot/knoppix/<br />
# NB: if this fails, make sure /media/cdrom is accessible. You might have to type 'mount /media/cdrom' first.<br />
cp /media/cdrom/boot/isolinux/minirt.gz . <br />
* Reboot the system<br />
* Boot your existing Linux distro<br />
* Add the following to grub's '''menu.lst''', usually located in '''/boot/grub/menu.lst'''. Grub counts from 0 so '''(hd0,0)''' means '''hda1''', '''(hd0,1)''' means '''hda2''' etc.<br />
title Knoppix from HD<br />
# boot from hda2 which grub calls (hd0,1)<br />
kernel (hd0,1)/boot/knoppix/vmlinuz fromhd=/dev/hda9 /<br />
lang=en apm=power-off hda=scsi hdb=scsi hdc=scsi hdd=scsi hde=scsi hdf=scsi /<br />
hdg=scsi hdh=scsi <br />
# boot from hda2 which grub calls (hd0,1)<br />
initrd (hd0,1)/boot/knoppix/minirt.gz <br />
boot <br />
savedefault<br />
* Update grub:<br />
grub-install hd0<br />
* Boot again from the Knoppix DVD, but this time write this cheatcode at the splashscreen to copy Knoppix to '''hda9''': <br />
knoppix tohd=/dev/hda9 <br />
* When Knoppix has completely booted, shutdown the system and you're done. Next time you boot simply choose Knoppix from the boot menu to start Knoppix from your HD. <br />
<br />
This will act exactly like the DVD (i.e. whatever changes you make to the system will be forgotten next time you reboot). You can create a persistent home directory/settings by saving these to the Knoppix partition on your HD (see Knoppix cheatcodes and FAQ). And you can add your own cheatcodes to the file '''menu.lst'''. Just remember to run ''''grub-install hda0'''' from your existing Linux distro after modifying menu.lst. This is required to update grub.<br />
<br />
----<br />
<br />
=== 2. Boot the Knoppix ''ISO'' directly ===<br />
Now there is a solution for this. It is tested on Knoppix-5 and it works. Basically you convert on of your partitions on a cD/DVD player. It is great for remote servers without CD/DVD support.<br />
[Visit: http://azerthoth.blogspot.com/2008/04/want-to-install-dvd-release-of-linux.html]<br />
<br />
<br />
''OUTDATED:''<br />
There really is no working solution to do this, this is just some ideas that some kind soul could improve. To do this you would need to do this:<br />
<br />
* Copy iso to a partion<br />
* Copy the boot.img from the ISO<br />
* Change the boot.img to mount the iso with loop and then continue with the ordinary boot up script.<br />
* Make the boot.img boot (in some of the ways described above)<br />
<br />
==== another description ====<br />
Create a mini boot image and mount the ISO at /mnt2/Knoppix.iso/ then mount the appropriate filesystem image from inside the ISO and mount or link the dirs inside. I guess doing a chroot (replace / ) will foobar things, that's why I try to mount the ISO at /mnt2/...<br />
<br />
----<br />
<br />
=== 3. Boot with ''PXE'' via network ===<br />
<br />
This is not by the PCs own HD ;), but see: [[Faq PXE]]<br />
<br />
Would be nice to boot via TCP/IP and get the ISO from FTP-server.<br><br />
Only for installing, '''not''' for daily use - please mirror Knoppix localy!<br />
<br />
----<br />
<br />
=== 4. Boot from smartdisk, usb-stick, ROM... ===<br />
<br />
Please write about your experiences to boot from your MP3-Player, or what ever...<br />
<br />
See [[http://rz-obrian.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de/knoppix-usb/ Boot KNOPPIX from an USB Memory Stick]] by Matthias Müller<br />
<br>For booting the USB stick it uses [[http://www.8ung.at/spblinux/ spblinux]]<br />
<br />
----<br />
<br />
=== Questions ===<br />
<br />
==== Q:Does this work with any file system or does it need FAT? ====<br />
A: Yes, it will work on any filesystem supported by the Knoppix build of the Linux kernel. Which means about all filesystem types you'll ever find on a IDE or SCSI harddisk.<br />
<br />
----<br />
<br />
== Feedback ==<br />
If you have questions, comments, ideas about this wiki-page, and you don't want to write it directly in this page, please write it here as feedback:<br />
<br />
==== Variations: ====<br />
- Use the persistent home scripts to keep your settings. It should be possible to copy the script to ''HD'':\KNOPPIX\knoppix.sh (untested)<br />
<br />
;By Henk Poley : Is the german discussion still needed on this page? Is it solved?<br />
<br />
----<br />
<br />
=== 5. Another method. ===<br />
We can totally avoid looking at contents of boot.img and get the same affect as booting from Knoppix CD using http://syslinux.zytor.com/memdisk.php This what I did starting with KNOPPIX iso file:<br />
<br />
**'''mount KNOPPIX.iso /mnt/tmp -o loop<br />
**'''mkdir /KNOPPIX<br />
**'''cp -R /mnt/tmp/KNOPPIX/* /KNOPPIX<br />
<br />
Edit lilo.conf to boot boot.img in KNOPPIX directory:<br />
<br />
#lilo.conf<br />
image=/boot/memdisk<br />
label=knoppix<br />
initrd=/KNOPPIX/boot.img<br />
<br />
You will get the full wonderful KNOPPIX boot menu.<br />
<br />
=== 7. How to run knoppix from a windows partition without burning a CD ===<br />
<br />
*Boot your existing linux<br />
**'''mount -o loop KNOPPIX_V3.X-XX-XX-XX.iso /mnt/iso''' (create that dir earlier)<br />
**'''cd /mnt/iso; cp -a * /mnt/win''' (your fat32 partition, mount it first)<br />
*'''mkdir /img; mount -o loop /mnt/iso/KNOPPIX/boot.img /img<br />
*'''cp /img/miniroot.gz /boot; cp /img/vmlinuz /boot/vmknoppix<br />
*edit lilo.conf to create a new image=/boot/vmknoppix with initrd=/boot/miniroot.gz<br />
*run [[Lilo]], reboot<br />
*choose the name you gave knoppix in lilo.conf's label<br />
*done! now proceed to install knoppix to the hard drive if you want!<br />
<br />
=== 8. Yet another way (from a laptop with no floppy drive) with knoppix 3.4 ===<br />
<br />
(assumes a small boot partition as /dev/hda1, and that knoppix tohd=/dev/hda2)<br />
<br />
*boot into the command line mode <knoppix 2 hdfrom=/dev/hda2<br />
*mount your booting partition<mount /dev/hda1 /mnt/hda1<br />
*mount your knoppix cd <mount -t iso9660 /dev/sr0 /mnt/test<br />
*copy the neccisary boot files<br />
**'''cp /mnt/test/boot/isolinux/linux24 /mnt/hda1<br />
**'''cp /mnt/test/boot/isolinux/minirt24.gz /mnt/hda1<br />
**'''cp /etc/lilo.conf /mnt/hda1/<br />
*edit lilo.conf with mcedit<br />
**'''mcedit /mnt/hda1/lilo.conf<br />
*make sure to remove the line towards the begining from klaus<br />
*I commented out most of this and added the following:<br />
image=/mnt/hda1/linux24<br />
initrd=minirt24.gz<br />
label=linux<br />
(( i realise there is alot more that could be done here,however for the sake of brevity thats all i did, the key parts are the linux24 and the minirt24.gz))<br />
*run lilo with the new lilo.conf, '''not''' the CDs one.<br />
**'''lilo -C /mnt/hda1/lilo.conf<br />
*unmout things<br />
**'''umount /mnt/test; umount /mnt/hda1<br />
*reboot<br />
**'''init 6<br />
*enjoy (one thing i found was the knoppix commands can be used at the LILO prompt, so personally I run<br />
**'''linux dma lang=en fromhd=/dev/hda2<br />
<br />
[[Category:Hard drive Installation]]</div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/Live_CD_TipsLive CD Tips2011-02-16T16:28:07Z<p>Clinton: Reverted edits by Brianpalmer2010 (Talk); changed back to last version by Clinton</p>
<hr />
<div>Using a Live CD does not mean that you are stuck with what is on the CD. New technologies make the Knoppix Live CD very versatile and flexible, and there are many things you can do with the Live CD without having to resort to a full-blown hard disk install. <br />
<br />
With a Live CD, you will be using Knoppix in the way it was designed for. You will be mobile. All you need to carry around is a CD and a small USB flash drive to store your settings and configurations. You will then be able to start Knoppix from almost anywhere with the same data, settings and even your own installed programs. A hard disk installation on the other hand, will tie you to the disk where you installed it, plus all the possible problems that come with a hard disk install. <br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Free up the CD Drive'''==<br />
<br />
===<small>toram cheat code</small>===<br />
<br />
At the boot prompt, type "knoppix toram". Knoppix will load the contents of the CD into ram and run from there. After boot up, the CD can be removed and the cd drive will be available for other uses. Because this will take up a lot of ram, it is recommended for those with at least 1 GB of ram. See also [[Cheat Codes]]<br />
<br />
===<small>tohd cheat code</small>===<br />
<br />
Insert and start with the CD. At the boot prompt, type "knoppix tohd=<path to some hard disk>". For example if you have space in hda2, type "knoppix tohd=/dev/hda2. Knoppix will create a folder called "knoppix" in the disk you chose and run from there. After this, the CD can be removed. The disk partition used can be a Linux format such as ext3 but can also be fat32, but not ntfs. See also [[Cheat Codes]].<br />
<br />
At the next boot, you can save some steps by using the cheat code: "knoppix fromhd=<path to the disk you used>. This procedure has been called the [[Basic Poor Mans]] Install.<br />
<br />
===<small>bootfrom cheat code</small>===<br />
<br />
This allows you to use an iso image file stored on media. Insert the CD and start with the CD. At the boot prompt, type: “knoppix bootfrom=<path to where iso is stored>. After boot up, the CD can be removed. See also [[Cheat Codes]].<br />
<br />
Several different isos can be booted from the same CD. The only limitation is that the kernel version on the CD must be the same as that in the iso file. This method is often used to test remastered Knoppix iso files before committing to a burn. <br />
<br />
There are also tweaks which allow you to do away with the CD altogether. <br />
<br />
This method is more robust than a full-blown hard disk install. Since the integrity of the iso file is maintained just as it would be on a CD itself, the likelihood of problems arising is reduced. <br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Installing Programs'''==<br />
<br />
One of the limitations of a Live CD is that most of the system area is read-only – in particular, /usr where most executable programs are kept. Some programs can run from /home, which is writable, but many programs need to change and access components into standard locations like /lib or /usr/lib are read-only. Fortunately there are solutions.<br />
<br />
===<small>Klik</small>===<br />
<br />
Klik is system which packs many popular programs into a single /cmg file suitable for running from /home. Programs can be set up and run with a single “klik�?. See <br />
[http://klik.atekon.de/ klik website] for details. There is also an entire section in the forum devoted to klik, including instructions on how to set it up for Knoppix. <br />
<br />
===<small>Unionfs</small>===<br />
<br />
Unionfs is another important development introduced into Knoppix from Version 3.8 onwards. Unionfs is a virtual filesystem. It creates a writable system file area in ram with all the system directories such as /etc /usr and so on. This is then seamlessly merged with the read-only system files on the CD. A very readable description of unionfs can be found here: [http://www.oreillynet.com/sysadmin/blog/2005/03/knoppix_38_and_unionfs_wow_jus.html Kyle Rankin on unionfs]<br />
<br />
With unionfs, it becomes possible to “write�? to the system area. Knoppix can then be treated almost like it is installed on a writable media. You can do install programs with apt-get or synaptic, download and install .deb packages, compile and install new drivers, edit config files in /etc and so on.<br />
<br />
Of course, you may still download an incompatible package which upsets Knoppix's delicate balance and break Knoppix, just like in a hard disk install. But this is a Live CD! The problems go away at the next reboot.<br />
<br />
On the other hand, if you installed something which works well, you will not have to do it again. You can save it and it can be made available at the next session – see below.<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Saving Configurations, Data and System changes'''==<br />
<br />
===<small>Save Knoppix Configuration</small>===<br />
<br />
This can be launched from the Knoppix Menu -> Configure -> Save Knoppix configuration. It saves many configuration settings and also your /home directory into a file. It also creates a script knoppix.sh which will run at the next reboot to load the saved settings.<br />
<br />
To load the saved configuration at the next reboot, enter the cheat code “knoppix myconfig=<path to where config was saved>.<br />
<br />
For details see the following references:<br />
<br />
*[http://www.oreillynet.com/sysadmin/blog/2004/11/remaster_knoppix_without_remas.html Kyle Rankin: remaster without remastering]<br />
*[[Configuration Howto]]<br />
<br />
===<small>Persistent Disk Image</small>===<br />
<br />
This is one of the most useful features in Knoppix, and together with unionfs, makes Knoppix very versatile indeed. Earlier versions allowed the /home directory to be saved. From V3.8 onwards, the entire unionfs can be saved, so that configuration changes, settings, user data, packages which have been downloaded and installed etc can all be saved and will be available at subsequent sessions. <br />
<br />
To set up a persistent Knoppix disk image, run Knoppix menu -> Configure -> Create a persistent KNOPPIX disk image (V5.0.1). You will be asked to select a location, a size, and a choice to use encryption (e.g. if you want to keep your data private). A image file knoppix.img will be created at the location you chose.<br />
<br />
At the next boot, Knoppix will scan for any image file named knoppix.img and then ask if you want to load it. If you load it, any changes you make will be saved into the image file automatically.<br />
<br />
''Make multiple persistent images!''<br />
<br />
What happens if you make lots of configuration changes or download and install packages and then Knoppix breaks? Doesn't a persistent image bring the same problems as a hard disk install? Here, a good strategy is to make a copy of your previous, stable persistent image to another file e.g. backup.img. Knoppix will only load knoppix.img. Go ahead, do your experiments, make your changes, install packages etc with confidence. If Knoppix breaks, just rename backup.img to knoppix.img and you have very quickly rolled back to your last, stable and good configuration. It is certainly much easier than trying to fix a broken hard disk installation.<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category : FAQ Page]]</div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/Medical_Live_CDMedical Live CD2011-02-10T14:31:20Z<p>Clinton: Reverted edits by Enigma (Talk); changed back to last version by Shilbert</p>
<hr />
<div>== [http://bioknoppix.hpcf.upr.edu/ Bioknoppix] ==<br />
Bioknoppix is a Knoppix based LiveCD from '''Puerto Rico''', with focus on '''molecular biology and bioinformatic'''.<br><br />
Content: EMBOSS 2.8.0, jemboss[[1]], artemis, clustal, Cn3D, ImageJ, Biopython, Rasmol, Bioperl, Bioconductor<br><br />
*Homepage: http://bioknoppix.hpcf.upr.edu/<br />
*Download: http://bioknoppix.hpcf.upr.edu/downloads<br />
*Download Mirror: http://mirrors.hpcf.upr.edu/ftp/pub/bio-knoppix/<br />
*Forum: http://bioknoppix.hpcf.upr.edu/bioknoppix-forum/forum''folder''view<br />
*Tutorial: http://bioknoppix.hpcf.upr.edu/tutorials/<br />
*Latest version: 0.2.1<br />
*Size: 688 MB<br />
*MD5Sum: 3b5eb00aabdac7c177e4f6eadc8a5d60<br />
*Language: '''English''' and '''Spanish'''<br />
*Author: Carlos M Rodriguez - HPCF University of Puerto Rico.<br><br />
-----<br />
== [http://care2x.de/CARE2x_CD.438+M5d637b1e38d.0.html The Care2x CD Project] ==<br />
[[The Care2x CD Project]] is a Knopphix based LiveCD that includes the Care2x IHS.<br><br />
Care2x integrates data, functions and workflows in a healthcare environment. It is currently composed of four major components. Each of these components can also function individually.<br> <br />
'''HIS''' - [http://www.care2x.org Hospital/Healthservice Information System]<br />
'''PM''' - [http://care2002.sourceforge.net/pm Practice (GP) management] <br />
'''CDS''' - [http://www.care2x.org Central Data Server]<br />
'''HXP''' - [http://hxp.sourceforge.net/ Health Xchange Protocol]<br />
Content: Besides regular Knoppix stuff, also LAMP and Care2x.<br><br />
*Homepage: http://care2x.de/CARE2x_CD.438+M5d637b1e38d.0.html<br />
*Download: ask Wilfried Gödert<br />
*Version: 0.1<br />
*Size: 650 MB<br />
*Language: '''German''', '''English'''<br />
*Author: Wilfried Gödert<br />
*Credits: Elpidio Latorilla, [http://care2x.org/home_credits.php the Care2x Team], Klaus Knopper, Martin Krung, A Diem, Stephan Pfefferkorn, Alexander Schreiber<br />
-----<br />
== [http://cdmedicpacsweb.sourceforge.net/index.html CDMEDICPACS] ==<br />
CDMEDICPACS is a Knoppix based LiveCD from '''Seville, Spain''', with focus on '''Medical''' applications. <br><br />
Content: Free PACS based on ctn, dcmtk and mysql, remote administration: apache mod perl,<br />
Image processing: Image Magick,Grevera's dcm2pgm, DICOM Viewer, AFNI, brain and body MRI and PET samples (Tailarach Atlas, FSL BET, SUSAN proccesed MRI),autoconversion from DICOM to Analyze format, used by AMIDE and FSL, and AFNIformat, read and write documents with medical terminology spellchecker, presentations and spreadsheets (also doc, ppt and xml) with [[Open Office]], Mozilla Firefox browser, Evolution for email, contacts and appointments, full multimedia capabilities, save configuration to floppy disk, USB stick, or hidden file on hard disk, hard disk installer. <br />
New version with kernels 2.4 y 2.6, hardware 3D acceleration for ATI and Nvidia graphic cards, wireless and bluetooth support and updated programs.<br><br />
*Homepage: http://cdmedicpacsweb.sourceforge.net<br />
*Download: http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=61662<br />
*Latest release: CDMedic-6.ISO<br />
*Size: 733366272 <br />
*Platform: '''Intel X86'''<br />
*Language: '''Spanish''' and '''English'''<br />
*Author: Dr Pablo Sau<br />
-----<br />
== [http://www.gnumed.org GNUmed] ==<br />
[[GNUmed]] is a LiveCD with focus on ''_Medical'' application.<br><br />
*Homepage http://wiki.gnumed.org/<br />
*Download http://www.gnumed.de/downloads/live-cd<br />
*Languages: German, English, French, Spanish<br />
-----<br />
<br />
== [http://www.TxOutcomeLiveOIO.Org LiveOIO] ==<br />
LiveOIO is a Knoppix based LiveCD with '''Medical/Research Content Management'''.<br><br />
Content: Open Infrastructure for Outcomes (OIO) - a web-browser accessible '''Medical/Research Content Management''' system, Zope, PostgreSQL, Oracle, RAD tools, PsycopgDA database adaptor, ParsedXML, Calendar Tag, automatic hard disk installer.<br><br />
Feature: user-definable data collection forms and integration with user-definable workflows, schedules, and reports modules.<br><br />
*Homepage: http://www.txoutcome.org<br />
*Download: http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=9295<br />
*Howto:http://sourceforge.net/docman/display''doc.php?docid=19281&group''id=9295<br />
*Size: 650 MB.<br />
-----</div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/InitrdInitrd2011-01-27T13:28:53Z<p>Clinton: Reverted edits by DoubleSlash (Talk); changed back to last version by 87.234.234.66</p>
<hr />
<div>relacelcnal<br />
NAME<br />
: initrd - boot loader initialized RAM disk<br />
<br />
DESCRIPTION<br />
: The special file /dev/initrd is a read-only block device.<br />
: Device /dev/initrd is a RAM disk that is initialized (e.g.<br />
: loaded) by the boot loader before the kernel is started.<br />
: The kernel then can use the the block device /dev/initrd's<br />
: contents for a two phased system boot-up.<br />
<br />
: In the first boot-up phase, the kernel starts up and<br />
: mounts an initial root file-system from the contents of<br />
: /dev/initrd (e.g. RAM disk initialized by the boot<br />
: loader). In the second phase, additional drivers or other<br />
: modules are loaded from the initial root device's con-<br />
: tents. After loading the additional modules, a new root<br />
: file system (i.e. the normal root file system) is mounted<br />
: from a different device.<br />
<br />
BOOT-UP OPERATION<br />
; When booting up with initrd, the system boots as follows : 1. The boot loader loads the kernel program and<br />
: /dev/initrd's contents into memory.<br />
<br />
: 2. On kernel startup, the kernel uncompresses and copies<br />
: the contents of the device /dev/initrd onto device<br />
: /dev/ram0 and then frees the memory used by /dev/initrd.<br />
<br />
: 3. The kernel then read-write mounts device /dev/ram0 as<br />
: the initial root file system.<br />
<br />
: 4. If the indicated normal root file system is also the<br />
: initial root file-system (e.g. /dev/ram0 ) then the<br />
: kernel skips to the last step for the usual boot<br />
: sequence.<br />
<br />
: 5. If the executable file /linuxrc is present in the<br />
: initial root file-system, /linuxrc is executed with uid<br />
: 0. (The file /linuxrc must have executable permission.<br />
: The file /linuxrc can be any valid executable, including<br />
: a shell script.)<br />
<br />
: 6. If /linuxrc is not executed or when /linuxrc termi-<br />
: nates, the normal root file system is mounted. (If<br />
: /linuxrc exits with any file-systems mounted on the ini-<br />
: tial root file-system, then the behavior of the kernel<br />
: is UNSPECIFIED. See the NOTES section for the current<br />
: kernel behavior.)<br />
<br />
: 7. If the normal root file has directory /initrd, device<br />
: /dev/ram0 is moved from / to /initrd. Otherwise if<br />
: directory /initrd does not exist device /dev/ram0 is<br />
: unmounted. (When moved from / to /initrd, /dev/ram0 is<br />
: not unmounted and therefore processes can remain running<br />
: from /dev/ram0. If directory /initrd does not exist on<br />
: the normal root file-system and any processes remain<br />
: running from /dev/ram0 when /linuxrc exits, the behavior<br />
: of the kernel is UNSPECIFIED. See the NOTES section for<br />
: the current kernel behavior.)<br />
<br />
: 8. The usual boot sequence (e.g. invocation of<br />
: /sbin/init) is performed on the normal root file system.<br />
<br />
OPTIONS<br />
: The following boot loader options when used with initrd,<br />
; affect the kernel's boot-up operation : initrd=filename<br />
: Specifies the file to load as the contents of<br />
: /dev/initrd. For LOADLIN this is a command line<br />
: option. For LILO you have to use this command in<br />
: the LILO configuration file /etc/lilo.config. The<br />
: filename specified with this option will typically<br />
: be a gzipped file-system image.<br />
<br />
: noinitrd<br />
: This boot time option disables the two phase boot-<br />
: up operation. The kernel performs the usual boot<br />
: sequence as if /dev/initrd was not initialized.<br />
: With this option, any contents of /dev/initrd<br />
: loaded into memory by the boot loader contents are<br />
: preserved. This option permits the contents of<br />
: /dev/initrd to be any data and need not be limited<br />
: to a file system image. However, device /dev/ini-<br />
: trd is read-only and can be read only one time<br />
: after system startup.<br />
<br />
: root=device-name<br />
: Specifies the device to be used as the normal root<br />
: file system. For LOADLIN this is a command line<br />
: option. For LILO this is a boot time option or can<br />
: be used as an option line in the LILO configuration<br />
: file /etc/lilo.config. The device specified by the<br />
: this option must be a mountable device having a<br />
: suitable root file-system.<br />
<br />
CHANGING THE NORMAL ROOT FILE SYSTEM<br />
: By default, the kernel's settings (e.g. set in the kernel<br />
: file with rdev or compiled into the kernel file), or the<br />
: boot loader option setting is used for the normal root<br />
: file systems. For a NFS-mounted normal root file system,<br />
: one has to use the nfs''root''name and nfs''root''addrs boot<br />
: options to give the NFS settings. For more information on<br />
: NFS-mounted root see the kernel documentation file nfs-<br />
: root.txt. For more information on setting the root file<br />
: system also see the LILO and LOADLIN documentation.<br />
<br />
: It is also possible for the /linuxrc executable to change<br />
: the normal root device. For /linuxrc to change the normal<br />
: root device, /proc must be mounted. After mounting /proc,<br />
: /linuxrc changes the normal root device by writing into<br />
: the proc files /proc/sys/kernel/real-root-dev,<br />
: /proc/sys/kernel/nfs-root-name, and /proc/sys/kernel/nfs-<br />
: root-addrs. For a physical root device, the root device<br />
: is changed by having /linuxrc write the new root file sys-<br />
: tem device number into /proc/sys/kernel/real-root-dev.<br />
: For a NFS root file system, the root device is changed by<br />
: having /linuxrc write the NFS setting into files<br />
: /proc/sys/kernel/nfs-root-name and /proc/sys/kernel/nfs-<br />
: root-addrs and then writing 0xff (e.g. the pseudo-NFS-<br />
: device number) into file /proc/sys/kernel/real-root-dev.<br />
: For example, the following shell command line would change<br />
; the normal root device to /dev/hdb1 : echo 0x365 >/proc/sys/kernel/real-root-dev<br />
: For a NFS example, the following shell command lines would<br />
: change the normal root device to the NFS directory<br />
: /var/nfsroot on a local networked NFS server with IP num-<br />
: ber 193.8.232.7 for a system with IP number 193.8.232.7<br />
; and named 'idefix' : echo /var/nfsroot >/proc/sys/kernel/nfs-root-name<br />
: echo 193.8.232.2:193.8.232.7::255.255.255.0:idefix \<br />
: >/proc/sys/kernel/nfs-root-addrs<br />
: echo 255 >/proc/sys/kernel/real-root-dev<br />
<br />
USAGE<br />
: The main motivation for implementing initrd was to allow<br />
: for modular kernel configuration at system installation.<br />
<br />
; A possible system installation scenario is as follows : 1. The loader program boots from floppy or other media<br />
: with a minimal kernel (e.g. support for /dev/ram,<br />
: /dev/initrd, and the ext2 file-system) and loads<br />
: /dev/initrd with a gzipped version of the initial file-<br />
: system.<br />
<br />
: 2. The executable /linuxrc determines what is needed to<br />
: (1) mount the normal root file-system (i.e. device type,<br />
: device drivers, file system) and (2) the distribution<br />
: media (e.g. CD-ROM, network, tape, ...). This can be<br />
: done by asking the user, by auto-probing, or by using a<br />
: hybrid approach.<br />
<br />
: 3. The executable /linuxrc loads the necessary modules<br />
: from the initial root file-system.<br />
<br />
: 4. The executable /linuxrc creates and populates the<br />
: root file system. (At this stage the normal root file<br />
: system does not have to be a completed system yet.)<br />
<br />
: 5. The executable /linuxrc sets /proc/sys/kernel/real-<br />
: root-dev, unmount /proc, the normal root file system and<br />
: any other file systems it has mounted, and then termi-<br />
: nates.<br />
<br />
: 6. The kernel then mounts the normal root file system.<br />
<br />
: 7. Now that the file system is accessible and intact,<br />
: the boot loader can be installed.<br />
<br />
: 8. The boot loader is configured to load into /dev/ini-<br />
: trd a file system with the set of modules that was used<br />
: to bring up the system. (e.g. Device /dev/ram0 can be<br />
: modified, then unmounted, and finally, the image is<br />
: written from /dev/ram0 to a file.)<br />
<br />
: 9. The system is now bootable and additional installa-<br />
: tion tasks can be performed.<br />
<br />
: The key role of /dev/initrd in the above is to re-use the<br />
: configuration data during normal system operation without<br />
: requiring initial kernel selection, a large generic kernel<br />
: or, recompiling the kernel.<br />
<br />
: A second scenario is for installations where Linux runs on<br />
: systems with different hardware configurations in a single<br />
: administrative network. In such cases, it may be desir-<br />
: able to use only a small set of kernels (ideally only one)<br />
: and to keep the system-specific part of configuration<br />
: information as small as possible. In this case, create a<br />
: common file with all needed modules. Then, only the the<br />
: /linuxrc file or a file executed by /linuxrc would be dif-<br />
: ferent.<br />
<br />
: A third scenario is more convenient recovery disks.<br />
: Because information like the location of the root file-<br />
: system partition is not needed at boot time, the system<br />
: loaded from /dev/initrd can use a dialog and/or auto-<br />
: detection followed by a possible sanity check.<br />
<br />
: Last but not least, Linux distributions on CD-ROM may use<br />
: initrd for easy installation from the CD-ROM. The distri-<br />
: bution can use LOADLIN to directly load /dev/initrd from<br />
: CD-ROM without the need of any floppies. The distribution<br />
: could also use a LILO boot floppy and then bootstrap a<br />
: bigger ram disk via /dev/initrd from the CD-ROM.<br />
<br />
CONFIGURATION<br />
: The /dev/initrd is a read-only block device assigned major<br />
: number 1 and minor number 250. Typically /dev/initrd is<br />
: owned by root.disk with mode 0400 (read access by root<br />
: only). If the Linux system does not have /dev/initrd<br />
: already created, it can be created with the following com-<br />
; mands : mknod -m 400 /dev/initrd b 1 250<br />
: chown root:disk /dev/initrd<br />
<br />
: Also, support for both "RAM disk" and "Initial RAM disk"<br />
: (e.g. CONFIG''BLK''DEV''RAM=y and CONFIG''BLK''DEV''INITRD=y )<br />
: support must be compiled directly into the Linux kernel to<br />
: use /dev/initrd. When using /dev/initrd, the RAM disk<br />
: driver cannot be loaded as a module.<br />
<br />
FILES<br />
: /dev/initrd<br />
: /dev/ram0<br />
: /linuxrc<br />
: /initrd<br />
<br />
SEE ALSO<br />
: chown(1), mknod(1), /dev/ram(4), freeramdisk(8), rdev(8),<br />
: The documentation file initrd.txt in the kernel source<br />
: package, the LILO documentation, the LOADLIN documenta-<br />
: tion, the SYSLINUX documentation.<br />
<br />
NOTES<br />
: 1. With the current kernel, any file systems that remain<br />
: mounted when /dev/ram0 is moved from / to /initrd continue<br />
: to be accessible. However, the /proc/mounts entries are<br />
: not updated.<br />
<br />
: 2. With the current kernel, if directory /initrd does not<br />
: exist, then /dev/ram0 will NOT be fully unmounted if<br />
: /dev/ram0 is used by any process or has any file-system<br />
: mounted on it. If /dev/ram0 is NOT fully unmounted, then<br />
: /dev/ram0 will remain in memory.<br />
<br />
: 3. Users of /dev/initrd should not depend on the behavior<br />
: give in the above notes. The behavior may change in<br />
: future versions of the Linux kernel.<br />
<br />
AUTHOR<br />
: The kernel code for device initrd was written by Werner<br />
: Almesberger <almesber@lrc.epfl.ch> and Hans Lermen <ler-<br />
: men@elserv.ffm.fgan.de>. The code for initrd was added to<br />
: the baseline Linux kernel in development version 1.3.73.<br />
<br />
[[Category:Booting]]</div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/Talk:Main_PageTalk:Main Page2011-01-21T11:08:57Z<p>Clinton: Reverted edits by Kumar23 (Talk); changed back to last version by Clinton</p>
<hr />
<div>=== Red links ===<br />
The red links are for when theres a link to a page but the page doesn't exist in the wiki, last night I clicked on my page and threw in some text to make my name not red[http://www.parkerscasino.com .] --[[User:Kyle|Kyle]] Tue Jan 4 19:12:05 UTC 2005<br />
<br />
=== Moving pages ===<br />
[[Knoppix Customisations]] this page uses the word spelt with a z instead of an s inside, I notice this of course after I post to [[Customising FAQ]] blindly, hopefully someone can rename pages in the wiki --[[User:Kyle|Kyle]] Tue Jan 4 19:29:05 UTC 2005<br />
<br />
You can move the page to a new name but it seems the old one doesn't quite dissapear. And the red name is, of course, obvious now that you've said it :) --[[User:Markus|Markus]] 21:37, 4 Jan 2005 (GMT)<br />
<br />
=== Escaping wiki code ===<br />
<nowiki>if [[ -e /proc/net/hostap ]]; then</nowiki><br />
showing nowiki tag for bash scripts, as I forgot where they are :)<br />
--[[User:Kyle|Kyle]] Tue Jan 11 23:08:07 UTC 2005<br />
<br />
<br />
=== Adding Knoppix Section to Wikicities English Linux ===<br />
<br />
I'm just filling out the red link for Knoppix out at the [http://en.linux.wikicities.com/ Wikicities:Linux Wiki] (and wondering if the interwiki table on this site is hip to [[Wikicities:c:en.linux]] and [[Wikipedia:Knoppix]] links)<br />
:And will someone please fix that missing search index!<br />
::[[User:JimD|JimD]] 02:33, 5 Feb 2006 (GMT)<br />
<br />
<br />
=== Main page Beta ===<br />
<br />
As the [[Main Page]] is write-protected, though it looks and works horrible , I'm now starting a '''[[Main Page Beta]]''' that everybody can edit. I hope that some of us will do, and that the wiki administrators (does they exist?) will notice our work, and import our changes to the real main page. (I've got this excellent idea from the [http://www.damnsmalllinux.org/wiki Damn Small Linux wiki] ;-D ) [[User:Qwerty|Qwerty]] 17:45, 3 Nov 2006 (GMT)</div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/Education_Live_CDEducation Live CD2010-12-21T12:49:36Z<p>Clinton: Reverted edits by MelissaGeorge (Talk); changed back to last version by Sandro.doro</p>
<hr />
<div>== [http://eduknoppix.dmf.unicatt.it/ Edu Knoppix ] ==<br />
[[Edu Knoppix]] is a Knoppix based [[LiveCD]] with focus on '''Educational''' applications. <br><br />
[[Edu Knoppix]] enable teachers and students to test Linux OS.<br><br />
Content: Educational software such as KIG, Dr.Geo, Maxima (didactic). <br><br />
It is also possible to obtain The Open ECDL (dead link) simply [http://linuxdidattica.org/docs/cnt/morattihtml/moratti.html using the software present in this distribution].<br><br />
*Homepage: http://eduknoppix.dmf.unicatt.it/<br />
*Download: http://eduknoppix.dmf.unicatt.it/isoimages/<br />
*Language: '''Italian'''<br />
-----<br />
== [http://media.lug-marl.de/doc/fsub-edu-knoppix/ FSuB e.V. EduKNOPPIX ] ==<br />
[[Edu KNOPPIX]] is a Knoppix based [[LiveCD]] with focus on '''Educational''' applications. It also includes an LTSP Terminalserver<br><br />
*Homepage: http://media.lug-marl.de/doc/fsub-edu-knoppix/<br />
*Download: ftp://ftp2.schul-netz.de/pub/fsub-eduknoppix/<br />
*Language: '''German'''<br />
<br />
== [http://www.ofset.org/freeduc-cd Freeduc] ==<br />
Freeduc is a Knoppix based LiveCD with focus on '''education'''.<br><br />
*Homepage http://www.ofset.org/freeduc-cd<br />
*Download http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=13320<br />
*Language: '''French''' and '''English'''<br />
-----<br />
<br />
== [http://www.simp-st.pl/ Linux-EduCD] ==<br />
Linux-EduCD is a KNOPPIX and KANOTIX-based live CD developed by Poland's SIMP Studium Techniki. It focuses on education, graphics, office and multimedia use and is designed specifically for use in Polish educational institutions. New version<br />
(0.3 and 0.4) has configurated LTSP (Linux Terminal Server Project) and Moodle (e-learning system).<br />
<br />
*Homepage http://linux-educd.pl/ <br />
*Forum (polish): http://www.knoppix.pl/linuxeducd/<br />
*Documentation (polish): (dead link)<br />
*Gallery on OSDir: http://shots.osdir.com/slideshows/slideshow.php?release=274&slide=5&title=linux-educd+0.4+screenshots<br />
-----<br />
<br />
== [http://www.osef.org/ Knoppix-Jr] ==<br />
Based off the debian-jr project.<br />
*Homepage: http://www.osef.org/<br />
*Download: (dead link)<br />
-----<br />
== [http://www.knoppix-math.org/ KNOPPIX/Math] ==<br />
KNOPPIX/Math is a KNOPPIX-jp based LiveCD from Japan with focus on<br />
'''Mathematical''' applications.<br><br />
*Content: Computer Algebra Systems and Visualization tools and TeX<br />
*Homepage: http://www.knoppix-math.org/<br />
*Download: [http://geom.math.metro-u.ac.jp/wiki/index.php?%5B%5BKNOPPIX%2FMath%2FEnglish%2FDownload%5D%5D KNOPPIX/Math/English/Download]<br />
*Version: 20051115<br />
*Language: '''Japanese''' and '''English''' and '''Korean'''<br />
*Author: KNOPPIX/Math Project<br />
-----<br />
<br />
== [http://gistlabs.homelinux.net/Knosciences/ KnoSciences] ==<br />
KnoSciences is a Knoppix 3.6 based LiveCD from '''UK''' with focus on '''Educational''' applications.<br><br />
Feature: automatic hardware detection, and support for many graphics cards, sound cards, SCSI and USB devices and other peripherals.<br><br />
*Content: Desktop Workstation, Java, Scientific Software, Mathematical Software, System Software.<br> <br />
*Homepage: http://gistlabs.homelinux.net/Knosciences/<br />
*Download: (dead link)<br />
*Size: 677,356 KB<br />
*Version: 0.81 <br />
*Language: '''English''' and '''French'''<br />
*Author: Verhille Arnaud & Nathalie Carrie<br />
-----<br />
<br />
== [http://kuliax.org Kuliax] ==<br />
Kuliax is a Debian GNU/Linux and KNOPPIX-based LiveCD for University Education.<br><br />
*Homepage: http://kuliax.org<br />
*Download: http://kuliax.org/doku.php?id=download<br />
*Size: 693 MB<br />
*Version: 6.0<br />
*Language: '''English'''<br />
*Author: Kuliax Project<br />
-----<br />
<br />
== [http://www.educa.madrid.org/web/madrid_linux/ MAX: Madrid Linux] ==<br />
MAX is a Knoppix 3.3 based LiveCD and LiveDVD distro for Education.<br />
*Homepage http://www.educa.madrid.org/web/madrid_linux/<br />
*Download http://www.educa.madrid.org/web/madrid_linux/archivos/obtener.html<br />
*Language: '''Spanish'''<br />
*Author: Educa Madrid.<br />
------<br />
== Netkit4TIC ==<br />
Netkit4TIC is an italian Knoppix 5.1.1 remaster DVD (USB generable) aimed at the education world. Netkit4TIC gives to teachers and students the possibility to test networking subjects with realistic experiences using Netkit "core" v2.6: http://www.netkit.org/ and Visual Netkit:<br />
http://code.google.com/p/visual-netkit/. Also QEMU v.0.8.2 http://www.qemu.org/ (comprehensive of accelerator module) is used to test Microsoft platform. <br />
*HomePage: http://www.tic.fdns.net/tic/html/lab.html <br />
*Download: http://tocai.dia.uniroma3.it/~netkit/contrib/LATEST/<br />
*Language: '''Italian''' <br />
*Author: Sandro Doro<br />
In 31 March 2009 was released "a pure" netkit CD/DVD/USB version based on Knoppix 6.0.1. You can donwnload it from official download page: http://wiki.netkit.org/index.php/Download_Official<br />
------<br />
<br />
== So.Di.Linux ==<br />
So.Di.Linux is an italian set of educational LiveCDs based on Knoppix and eduKnoppix developed by ITD-CNR .<br />
*Homepage http://www.itd.cnr.it/sodilinux<br />
*Download: http://www.itd.cnr.it/sodilinux<br />
*Download: http://opensource.itd.ge.cnr.it<br />
*Language: '''Italian'''<br />
*Author: ITD-CNR<br />
------<br />
== Xplora Knoppix http://www.xplora.org/ww/en/pub/xplora/library/software/xplora___dvd_knoppix__make_sci.htm ==<br />
Xplora Knoppix is a science education adapted version of Knoppix with additional science edcucation material from the Internet and from the Xplora portal.<br />
*Homepage http://www.xplora.org/ww/en/pub/xplora/library/software/xplora___dvd_knoppix__make_sci.htm<br />
*Download: ftp://ftp.tu-chemnitz.de/pub/linux/Knoppix-Xplora-DVD/xplora-dvd-by-iso-top.info.iso<br />
*Order: (dead link)<br />
*Language: '''English, French, German'''<br />
*Author: Xplora team mailto:info-xplora@xplora.org<br />
------<br />
<br />
== Edutainment Knoppix http://campus.ph.fhnw.ch/ICT/LinuxInDerSchule ==<br />
This is a Swiss German Knoppix version with lots of edutainment software and games.<br />
*Homepage http://campus.ph.fhnw.ch/ICT/LinuxInDerSchule <br />
*Download: http://campus.ph.fhnw.ch/pub/ICT/LinuxInDerSchule/phso_20060506.iso<br />
*Language: '''German'''<br />
*Author: Ronny Standtke<br />
------</div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/Trivial_remaster_3.8.2Trivial remaster 3.8.22010-12-17T08:37:56Z<p>Clinton: Reverted edits by Jenniferly (Talk); changed back to last version by Rwcitek</p>
<hr />
<div>----<br />
These are my notes for extracting the files from the existing CD and rebuilding a new ISO. The word "trivial" in the title does not connotate the degree of difficulty which one may or may not have following my notes. Rather, they discribe the end result in which no changes or only minimal changes are made to the files used to build a remastered ISO. In that way these notes serve as a "positive control" to make sure that everything can work before one embarks on a more complex remastering project.<br />
<br />
This page contains a half-dozen or so different versions of a trivial remaster. Each is independent of the other. The only step that is shared among each version is the setup process.<br />
<br />
Based on the [http://www.knoppix.net/wiki/Knoppix_Remastering_Howto Knoppix Remastering Howto]<br />
<br />
This remastering assumes the following:<br />
* you are running Knoppix 3.8.2 (might work for later versions. I haven't tried, yet.)<br />
* you have a linux filesystem with at least 6 GB of free space<br />
<br />
__TOC__<br />
<br />
= Summary =<br />
<br />
Remastering is the process of creating a new ISO image to burn on a CD. In it's simplest form, remastering requires only two steps:<br />
# build a compressed filesystem from all the operating system and application files<br />
# build an ISO image from all the CD files, which includes the compressed filesystem<br />
In fact, if you use the existing compressed filesystem from the CD, you only need to do the second step, which is what some of the versions on this page do.<br />
<br />
In practice, remastering takes more than two steps because you usually need to create the environment (e.g. swapspace, diskspace, etc.) in which to build the compressed filesystem and the ISO. Also, since the purpose of remastering is to make a Knoppix CD that differs from the stock Knoppix, you will probably want to alter the contents of the compressed file system, the contents of the CD files, or both before you build your new ISO.<br />
<br />
= Setting up for remastering =<br />
<br />
The setup will be the same for all the various version of remastering.<br />
<br />
<pre><nowiki><br />
<br />
# boot from the Knoppix CD<br />
boot: knoppix 3<br />
<br />
# point to the partition, mountpoint, and working directory for the Knoppix build<br />
knx_dev=/dev/hda3 # the partition with 6GB+ of free space; change accordingly<br />
knx_mnt=/mnt/hda3 # the mountpoint for the partition; change accordingly<br />
knx=$knx_mnt/knx # the sandbox within which to place your remastering files<br />
<br />
# Mount the partition<br />
mount -o rw,dev $knx_dev $knx_mnt<br />
mount<br />
df -H $knx_mnt<br />
<br />
# make a 1 GB swapfile, just in case<br />
dd if=/dev/zero of=$knx_mnt/swapfile bs=1M count=1000<br />
mkswap $knx_mnt/swapfile<br />
swapon $knx_mnt/swapfile<br />
swapon -s<br />
<br />
# create a working directory<br />
mkdir $knx<br />
cd $knx<br />
pwd<br />
<br />
# make two target folders: one for the source and one for the final master CD<br />
mkdir -p $knx/{master,source}<br />
ls -la $knx<br />
<br />
# finished setup<br />
</nowiki></pre><br />
<br />
= A "test build" version =<br />
<br />
Ideal if you just want to test the build process. This version uses the files right off the CD to make a new ISO. No changes. The resulting ISO should be identical to the original ISO with the exception of some time stamps.<br />
<br />
== Setting up for remastering ==<br />
[[Trivial_remaster_3.8.2#Setting_up_for_remastering |See the above instructions]] for booting, creating enough disk space, and a setting up a swap file.<br />
<br />
== Copying the files ==<br />
<pre><nowiki><br />
<br />
# copy the cdrom files to your master directory<br />
( cd /cdrom && cp -av . $knx/master/ )<br />
ls -la $knx/master/<br />
<br />
# finished copying the files<br />
</nowiki></pre><br />
<br />
== Making the image ==<br />
<pre><nowiki><br />
# make the ISO<br />
mkisofs -pad -l -r -J -v -V "KNOPPIX" -no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 \<br />
-boot-info-table -b boot/isolinux/isolinux.bin -c boot/isolinux/boot.cat \<br />
-hide-rr-moved -o $knx/knoppix.iso $knx/master 2> $knx/knoppix.iso.log<br />
( cd $knx ; ls -lh knoppix.iso )<br />
<br />
# finished imaging the ISO<br />
</nowiki></pre><br />
<br />
== Notes ==<br />
Perfect for a CD:<br />
( cd $knx ; ls -lh knoppix.iso )<br />
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 694M Aug 25 00:51 knoppix.iso<br />
<br />
= A "modified boot files" version =<br />
<br />
Ideal if you just want to change the boot configuation (e.g. add your own cheatcodes or kernel label) but keep everything else the same.<br />
<br />
== Setting up for remastering ==<br />
[[Trivial_remaster_3.8.2#Setting_up_for_remastering |See the above instructions]] for booting, creating enough disk space, and a setting up a swap file.<br />
<br />
== Mounting a union filesystem ==<br />
Instead of copying all the files, we'll use a unionfs.<br />
<br />
<pre><nowiki><br />
mount -t unionfs -o dirs=$knx/master=rw:/cdrom=ro none $knx/master<br />
ls -la $knx/master/<br />
<br />
# at this point you can modify any of the files in $knx/master/<br />
# for example, a different boot splash image<br />
jpegtopnm /KNOPPIX/usr/share/wallpapers/Circuit.jpg |<br />
pnmtile 640 480 > $knx/logo.ppm<br />
pnmquant 16 $knx/logo.ppm |<br />
ppmtolss16 > $knx/master/boot/isolinux/logo.16 <br />
( cd $knx ; ls -la master/boot/isolinux/logo.16 )<br />
<br />
# finished copying the files<br />
</nowiki></pre><br />
<br />
== Making the image ==<br />
<pre><nowiki><br />
<br />
# make the ISO<br />
mkisofs -pad -l -r -J -v -V "KNOPPIX" -no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 \<br />
-boot-info-table -b boot/isolinux/isolinux.bin -c boot/isolinux/boot.cat \<br />
-hide-rr-moved -o $knx/knoppix.iso $knx/master 2> $knx/knoppix.iso.log<br />
( cd $knx ; ls -la knoppix.iso )<br />
<br />
# finished imaging the ISO<br />
</nowiki></pre><br />
<br />
== Unmounting the union filesystem ==<br />
<pre><nowiki><br />
umount $knx/master<br />
find $knx/master -ls<br />
<br />
# finished umounting<br />
</nowiki></pre><br />
<br />
== Notes ==<br />
* If you are simply testing the boot files and if the mkisofs command works, then you can removed the compressed image before building the ISO.<br />
<br />
= A "rebuilt compressed fs" version =<br />
<br />
== Setting up for remastering ==<br />
[[Trivial_remaster_3.8.2#Setting_up_for_remastering |See the above instructions]] for booting, creating enough disk space, and a setting up a swap file.<br />
<br />
== Copying the files ==<br />
<pre><nowiki><br />
<br />
# copy the cdrom files to your master directory<br />
( cd /cdrom &&<br />
find . -size -10000k -type f |<br />
xargs cp -av --parents --target-directory=$knx/master/ )<br />
ls -la $knx/master/<br />
<br />
# copy the KNOPPIX files to your source directory<br />
cp -av /KNOPPIX/* $knx/source/<br />
ls -la $knx/source/<br />
<br />
# finished copying the files<br />
</nowiki></pre><br />
<br />
== Making the image ==<br />
<pre><nowiki><br />
# make the compressed image<br />
{ mkisofs -R -U -V "KNOPPIX.net filesystem" \<br />
-publisher "KNOPPIX www.knoppix.net" \<br />
-hide-rr-moved -cache-inodes -no-bak \<br />
-pad $knx/source |<br />
nice -5 /usr/bin/create_compressed_fs - 65536 \<br />
> $knx/master/KNOPPIX/KNOPPIX ; } 2> $knx/KNOPPIX.cloop.log<br />
( cd $knx/ ; ls -lh master/KNOPPIX/KNOPPIX /cdrom/KNOPPIX/KNOPPIX )<br />
<br />
# make the ISO<br />
mkisofs -pad -l -r -J -v -V "KNOPPIX" \<br />
-no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 \<br />
-boot-info-table -b boot/isolinux/isolinux.bin \<br />
-c boot/isolinux/boot.cat \<br />
-hide-rr-moved -o $knx/knoppix.iso $knx/master \<br />
2> $knx/knoppix.iso.log<br />
( cd $knx ; ls -lh knoppix.iso )<br />
<br />
# finished imaging the ISO<br />
</nowiki></pre><br />
<br />
== Notes ==<br />
* The resulting compressed filesystem is larger than the original KNOPPIX even though nothing has changed. I suspect hardlinks on the original that don't get "translated" on the ISO format.<br />
<pre><nowiki><br />
( cd $knx/ ; ls -lh master/KNOPPIX/KNOPPIX /cdrom/KNOPPIX/KNOPPIX )<br />
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 690M May 9 03:31 /cdrom/KNOPPIX/KNOPPIX<br />
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 717M Aug 24 23:37 master/KNOPPIX/KNOPPIX<br />
</nowiki></pre><br />
* The resulting ISO is larger than the original and too large for a 700 MB CD.<br />
<pre><nowiki><br />
( cd $knx ; ls -lh knoppix.iso )<br />
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 722M Aug 24 23:38 knoppix.iso<br />
</nowiki></pre><br />
<br />
= A "chroot" version =<br />
<br />
== Setting up for remastering ==<br />
[[Trivial_remaster_3.8.2#Setting_up_for_remastering |See the above instructions]] for booting, creating enough disk space, and a setting up a swap file.<br />
<br />
== Mounting a union filesystem ==<br />
<pre><nowiki><br />
<br />
# mount the master<br />
mount -t unionfs -o dirs=$knx/master=rw:/cdrom=ro none $knx/master<br />
ls -a $knx/master/<br />
rm -rf $knx/master/KNOPPIX/KNOPPIX<br />
ls -a $knx/master/<br />
<br />
# make sure $knx/source is mounted without "nodev" (or with "dev")<br />
mount -o remount,dev $(df -P $knx/source | tail -1 | cut -d" " -f 1)<br />
<br />
# mount the source<br />
mount -t unionfs -o dirs=$knx/source=rw:/KNOPPIX=ro none $knx/source<br />
ls -a $knx/source/<br />
rm -rf $knx/source/.rr_moved<br />
ls -a $knx/source/<br />
<br />
# finished copying the files<br />
</nowiki></pre><br />
<br />
== chroot into the source folder ==<br />
<pre><nowiki><br />
# create /etc/fstab and /etc/resolv.conf in $knx/source<br />
echo >> $knx/source/etc/fstab<br />
cat /etc/resolv.conf > $knx/source/etc/dhcpc/resolv.conf<br />
<br />
# chroot, proc, ls, and exit<br />
chroot $knx/source<br />
mount -t proc /proc proc<br />
ls -a /<br />
ping -c 2 knoppix.net<br />
umount /proc<br />
exit<br />
<br />
# finished chrooting<br />
</nowiki></pre><br />
<br />
== Making the image ==<br />
<pre><nowiki><br />
<br />
# make the compressed image<br />
{ mkisofs -R -U -V "KNOPPIX.net filesystem" \<br />
-publisher "KNOPPIX www.knoppix.net" \<br />
-hide-rr-moved -cache-inodes -no-bak \<br />
-pad $knx/source |<br />
nice -5 /usr/bin/create_compressed_fs - 65536 \<br />
> $knx/master/KNOPPIX/KNOPPIX ; } 2> $knx/KNOPPIX.cloop.log<br />
( cd $knx/ ; ls -lh master/KNOPPIX/KNOPPIX /cdrom/KNOPPIX/KNOPPIX )<br />
<br />
# make the ISO<br />
mkisofs -pad -l -r -J -v -V "KNOPPIX" \<br />
-no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 \<br />
-boot-info-table -b boot/isolinux/isolinux.bin \<br />
-c boot/isolinux/boot.cat \<br />
-hide-rr-moved -o $knx/knoppix.iso $knx/master \<br />
2> $knx/knoppix.iso.log<br />
ls -lh $knx/knoppix.iso<br />
# finished imaging the ISO<br />
</nowiki></pre><br />
<br />
== Unmounting the union filesystem ==<br />
<pre><nowiki><br />
umount $knx/master $knx/source<br />
find $knx/master $knx/source -ls<br />
<br />
# finished umounting<br />
</nowiki></pre><br />
<br />
== Notes ==<br />
* The resulting compressed filesystem is larger than the original KNOPPIX even though nothing has changed. I suspect hardlinks on the original that don't get "translated" on the ISO format.<br />
<pre><nowiki><br />
( cd $knx/ ; ls -lh master/KNOPPIX/KNOPPIX /cdrom/KNOPPIX/KNOPPIX )<br />
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 690M May 9 03:31 /cdrom/KNOPPIX/KNOPPIX<br />
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 717M Aug 24 22:17 master/KNOPPIX/KNOPPIX<br />
</nowiki></pre><br />
* The resulting ISO is larger than the original and too large for a 700 MB CD.<br />
<pre><nowiki><br />
( cd $knx/ ; ls -lh knoppix.iso )<br />
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 722M Aug 24 23:01 knoppix.iso<br />
</nowiki></pre><br />
<br />
= Burning the ISO =<br />
k3b doesn't work on 3.8.2, but cdrecord does<br />
<pre><nowiki><br />
<br />
# burn the ISO<br />
cdrecord -v dev=ATAPI:0,0,0 $knx/knoppix.iso<br />
<br />
# finished burning<br />
</nowiki></pre></div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/KnoppixKnoppix2010-12-13T01:47:11Z<p>Clinton: Reverted edits by CoryDAllen (Talk); changed back to last version by GUI Hopper</p>
<hr />
<div>[[knoppix]] is a [[bootable CD]]. [[knoppix]] is also referred to as a [[liveCD]]. The CD contains a collection of [[GNU]]/[[Linux]] software ([[Debian]] [[Linux]] with [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kde KDE] desktop), [[autodetection |automatic hardware detection]], and support for many graphics cards, sound cards, SCSI and [[USB]] devices and other peripherals.<br />
<br />
As of [[knoppix]] '''5.3.1''' we only have a '''liveDVD'''. So far. It will NOT fit on a FATxx filesystem so you need ext3 or some such to copy the DVD .iso to hard drive. You can use Windows to put it on NTFS for a [[Poor Mans Install]] to free up your DVD drive. 22:45, 1 July 2008 (BST)<br />
<br />
[[knoppix]] can be used as a [[Linux]] demo, educational CD, rescue system, or adapted and used as a platform for commercial software product demos. It is not necessary to install anything on a hard disk. Due to on-the-fly decompression, the CD can have up to 2 GB of executable software installed on it.<br />
<br />
The [[knoppix]] distribution with the [[Gnome]] desktop, instead of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kde KDE] desktop is called [[Gnoppix]].<br />
<br />
A more detailed definition can be found at [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knoppix the Wikipedia article on Knoppix]<br />
<br />
{{page-stub}}</div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/BootingBooting2010-11-08T12:46:12Z<p>Clinton: Reverted edits by Qqsese (Talk); changed back to last version by Clinton</p>
<hr />
<div>En español [[botaje]].<br />
----<br />
=Introduction=<br />
In computing, [[booting]] is a process that starts operating systems when the user turns on a computer system. The origin of the word may be from the wild west in America. The image of a cowboy pulling himself up by his [[booting | bootstraps]] after a long night drinking is the usual idea. You may also hear [[booting]] refered to as [[booting |bootstrapping]] for this very reason. The computer is trying to pull itself up by its [[booting | bootstraps]].<br />
<br />
[http://www.acaiberryinformations.com/ Acai Berry] is the best supplement available in the market. [http://www.articlesbase.com/supplements-and-vitamins-articles/my-weight-loss-experience-with-the-acai-berry-diet-1726693.html Acai Berry] has been a revolution and is preferred by most of the people. There are various benefits of [http://www.buzzle.com/articles/the-facts-and-half-truths-about-the-acai-berry-diet.html] but they are questioned at times. [http://ezinearticles.com/?Acai-Berry---How-I-Lost-30-Pounds-in-Under-30-Days-Using-The-Acai-Berry&id=1998407 Acai Berry] is quite helpful for the weight losers and this fruit also provides you with enormous amount of energy. [http://www.entourageedge.com/forums/blog.php?cp=25 starcraft 2 strategy]<br />
<br />
<br />
Gnoppix during the booting shows the [[syslinux bootprompt]]:<br />
<br />
boot><br />
<br />
At the [[syslinux bootprompt]], a user can type one or more [[Cheat Codes]]. The additional [[Cheat Codes|codes]] alter the default boot sequence. After the [[Cheat Codes]] are entered the Enter key is used to start the [[booting|bootstrapping]] process. If the default options are OK, then the user can press Enter without typing [[Cheat Codes]]. For example, the default keyboard in the German version of [[knoppix]] is great for German speaking individuals. This person would hit the Enter key to take the defaults and starte [[knoppix]]. Howwever, an English speaking person would type<br />
<br />
linux lang=en<br />
at the boot prompt.<br />
<br />
See : [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/booting booting on Wikipedia]<br />
<br />
=Different methods of boot=<br />
->here we describe methods that can boot knoppix as it was on cd (iso or cloop(KNOPPIX))<br />
<br />
==why not booting the usual way:==<br />
<br />
->some people do not have the cd writer<br />
<br />
->booting this way frees up the CD for other use (such as burning files)<br />
<br />
->some people do not have a dvd writer and want to use the dvd-image<br />
<br />
->faster on hdd(the hdd is normaly faster than a cd/dvd drive)<br />
<br />
->some computers do not have a cd-rom/dvd-rom drive<br />
<br />
->consume less power on laptops(hdd consume less than cd)<br />
<br />
===limits:===<br />
as it boots from hd... there are several issues with:<br />
<br />
->partitioning<br />
<br />
->fsck of the partition where reside the knoppix image<br />
<br />
->security reasons (booting from cd can be prevented by the bios but here if you can boot from hd you can boot knoppix)<br />
<br />
==CD/dvd based bootloader==<br />
->use the cd in order to boot an iso image<br />
<br />
==Hdd based boot loader==<br />
->boot from the hd<br />
===On Linux system===<br />
this method is caled "linux" because it needs<br />
<br />
->grub,lilo or another linux bootloader installed<br />
<br />
->a filesystem readeable by grub/lilo/others (ext2/reiserfs...)<br />
====Grub====<br />
<br />
====Lilo====<br />
====Others boot loaders====<br />
<br />
==Others boot methods==<br />
===Pxe===<br />
[[KNOPPIX_Terminal_Server]]<br />
===floppy===<br />
->works by storing the boot loader on a floppy<br />
<br />
[[Category:Booting|*]]</div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/BootingBooting2010-11-04T21:24:49Z<p>Clinton: Reverted edits by Clinton (Talk); changed back to last version by Copygirl</p>
<hr />
<div>En español [[botaje]].<br />
----<br />
=Introduction=<br />
In computing, [[booting]] is a process that starts operating systems when the user turns on a computer system. The origin of the word may be from the wild west in America. The image of a cowboy pulling himself up by his [[booting | bootstraps]] after a long night drinking is the usual idea. You may also hear [[booting]] refered to as [[booting |bootstrapping]] for this very reason. The computer is trying to pull itself up by its [[booting | bootstraps]].<br />
<br />
[http://www.acaiberryinformations.com/ Acai Berry] is the best supplement available in the market. [http://www.articlesbase.com/supplements-and-vitamins-articles/my-weight-loss-experience-with-the-acai-berry-diet-1726693.html Acai Berry] has been a revolution and is preferred by most of the people. There are various benefits of [http://www.buzzle.com/articles/the-facts-and-half-truths-about-the-acai-berry-diet.html] but they are questioned at times. [http://ezinearticles.com/?Acai-Berry---How-I-Lost-30-Pounds-in-Under-30-Days-Using-The-Acai-Berry&id=1998407 Acai Berry] is quite helpful for the weight losers and this fruit also provides you with enormous amount of energy. [http://www.entourageedge.com/forums/blog.php?cp=25 starcraft 2 strategy]<br />
<br />
<br />
Gnoppix during the booting shows the [[syslinux bootprompt]]:<br />
<br />
boot><br />
<br />
At the [[syslinux bootprompt]], a user can type one or more [[Cheat Codes]]. The additional [[Cheat Codes|codes]] alter the default boot sequence. After the [[Cheat Codes]] are entered the Enter key is used to start the [[booting|bootstrapping]] process. If the default options are OK, then the user can press Enter without typing [[Cheat Codes]]. For example, the default keyboard in the German version of [[knoppix]] is great for German speaking individuals. This person would hit the Enter key to take the defaults and starte [[knoppix]]. Howwever, an English speaking person would type<br />
<br />
linux lang=en<br />
at the boot prompt.<br />
<br />
See : [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/booting booting on Wikipedia]<br />
<br />
=Different methods of boot=<br />
->here we describe methods that can boot knoppix as it was on cd (iso or cloop(KNOPPIX))<br />
<br />
==why not booting the usual way:==<br />
<br />
->some people do not have the cd writer<br />
<br />
->booting this way frees up the CD for other use (such as burning files)<br />
<br />
->some people do not have a dvd writer and want to use the dvd-image<br />
<br />
->faster on hdd(the hdd is normaly faster than a cd/dvd drive)<br />
<br />
->some computers do not have a cd-rom/dvd-rom drive<br />
<br />
->consume less power on laptops(hdd consume less than cd)<br />
<br />
===limits:===<br />
as it boots from hd... there are several issues with:<br />
<br />
->partitioning<br />
<br />
->fsck of the partition where reside the knoppix image<br />
<br />
->security reasons (booting from cd can be prevented by the bios but here if you can boot from hd you can boot knoppix)<br />
<br />
==CD/dvd based bootloader==<br />
->use the cd in order to boot an iso image<br />
<br />
==Hdd based boot loader==<br />
->boot from the hd<br />
===On Linux system===<br />
this method is caled "linux" because it needs<br />
<br />
->grub,lilo or another linux bootloader installed<br />
<br />
->a filesystem readeable by grub/lilo/others (ext2/reiserfs...)<br />
====Grub====<br />
<br />
====Lilo====<br />
====Others boot loaders====<br />
<br />
==Others boot methods==<br />
===Pxe===<br />
[[KNOPPIX_Terminal_Server]]<br />
===floppy===<br />
->works by storing the boot loader on a floppy<br />
<br />
[[Category:Booting|*]]</div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/BootingBooting2010-11-04T21:24:01Z<p>Clinton: Reverted edits by Copygirl (Talk); changed back to last version by Wokfel</p>
<hr />
<div>En español [[botaje]].<br />
----<br />
=Introduction=<br />
In computing, [[booting]] is a process that starts operating systems when the user turns on a computer system. The origin of the word may be from the wild west in America. The image of a cowboy pulling himself up by his [[booting | bootstraps]] after a long night drinking is the usual idea. You may also hear [[booting]] refered to as [[booting |bootstrapping]] for this very reason. The computer is trying to pull itself up by its [[booting | bootstraps]].<br />
<br />
[http://www.acaiberryinformations.com/ Acai Berry] is the best supplement available in the market. [http://www.articlesbase.com/supplements-and-vitamins-articles/my-weight-loss-experience-with-the-acai-berry-diet-1726693.html Acai Berry] has been a revolution and is preferred by most of the people. There are various benefits of [http://www.buzzle.com/articles/the-facts-and-half-truths-about-the-acai-berry-diet.html] but they are questioned at times. [http://ezinearticles.com/?Acai-Berry---How-I-Lost-30-Pounds-in-Under-30-Days-Using-The-Acai-Berry&id=1998407 Acai Berry] is quite helpful for the weight losers and this fruit also provides you with enormous amount of energy.<br />
<br />
<br />
Gnoppix during the booting shows the [[syslinux bootprompt]]:<br />
<br />
boot><br />
<br />
At the [[syslinux bootprompt]], a user can type one or more [[Cheat Codes]]. The additional [[Cheat Codes|codes]] alter the default boot sequence. After the [[Cheat Codes]] are entered the Enter key is used to start the [[booting|bootstrapping]] process. If the default options are OK, then the user can press Enter without typing [[Cheat Codes]]. For example, the default keyboard in the German version of [[knoppix]] is great for German speaking individuals. This person would hit the Enter key to take the defaults and starte [[knoppix]]. Howwever, an English speaking person would type<br />
<br />
linux lang=en<br />
at the boot prompt.<br />
<br />
See : [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/booting booting on Wikipedia]<br />
<br />
=Different methods of boot=<br />
->here we describe methods that can boot knoppix as it was on cd (iso or cloop(KNOPPIX))<br />
<br />
==why not booting the usual way:==<br />
<br />
->some people do not have the cd writer<br />
<br />
->booting this way frees up the CD for other use (such as burning files)<br />
<br />
->some people do not have a dvd writer and want to use the dvd-image<br />
<br />
->faster on hdd(the hdd is normaly faster than a cd/dvd drive)<br />
<br />
->some computers do not have a cd-rom/dvd-rom drive<br />
<br />
->consume less power on laptops(hdd consume less than cd)<br />
<br />
===limits:===<br />
as it boots from hd... there are several issues with:<br />
<br />
->partitioning<br />
<br />
->fsck of the partition where reside the knoppix image<br />
<br />
->security reasons (booting from cd can be prevented by the bios but here if you can boot from hd you can boot knoppix)<br />
<br />
==CD/dvd based bootloader==<br />
->use the cd in order to boot an iso image<br />
<br />
==Hdd based boot loader==<br />
->boot from the hd<br />
===On Linux system===<br />
this method is caled "linux" because it needs<br />
<br />
->grub,lilo or another linux bootloader installed<br />
<br />
->a filesystem readeable by grub/lilo/others (ext2/reiserfs...)<br />
====Grub====<br />
<br />
====Lilo====<br />
====Others boot loaders====<br />
<br />
==Others boot methods==<br />
===Pxe===<br />
[[KNOPPIX_Terminal_Server]]<br />
===floppy===<br />
->works by storing the boot loader on a floppy<br />
<br />
[[Category:Booting|*]]</div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/BIOSBIOS2010-10-18T19:20:45Z<p>Clinton: Reverted edits by Valera (Talk); changed back to last version by Harry Kuhman</p>
<hr />
<div>[[BIOS]] stands for Basic Input Output System. x86 [[BIOS]] calls are single task calls. The [[Linux]] operating system had to replace all of these calls with [[kernel]] drivers. This is why you can use Alt and F1 to F6 on most [[Linux]] distributions. A new session will start because the [[kernel]] replace the single task [[BIOS]] calls with mult-task calls. [[Linux]] can handle multiple keyboard, mice and video sessions.<br />
<br />
= External Links =<br />
<br />
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BIOS Wikipedia BIOS Article]<br />
* [http://www.linuxbios.org/index.php/Main_Page Linux BIOS main page] This is an interesting project that will allow you to replace that dead spot on your [[Mo Bo | Mother Board]].<br />
<br />
<br />
{{page-stub}}</div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/Partition_ManagersPartition Managers2010-10-01T14:51:23Z<p>Clinton: Reverted edits by MergeMac (Talk); changed back to last version by Harry Kuhman</p>
<hr />
<div>=== Other references: ===<br />
[[http://directory.google.com/Top/Computers/Software/Disk_Management/Partition/ Google Directory]]</div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/Apt-getApt-get2010-10-01T14:49:54Z<p>Clinton: Reverted edits by Fa11 (Talk); changed back to last version by Clinton</p>
<hr />
<div>apt-get is a simple command line interface for downloading and<br />
installing packages. The most frequently used commands are update<br />
and install.<br />
<br />
=Commands:=<br />
==update==<br />
*Retrieve new lists of packages<br />
<br />
==upgrade==<br />
*Perform an upgrade<br />
<br />
==install==<br />
* Install new packages <br />
**For example a package is libc6 not libc6.deb<br />
**You would use apt-get isntall libc6, not apt-get install libc6.deb<br />
<br />
==remove==<br />
Remove package<br />
<br />
==source==<br />
Download source archives<br />
<br />
==build-dep==<br />
Configure build-dependencies for source packages<br />
<br />
==dist-upgrade==<br />
Distribution upgrade, see apt-get(8)<br />
<br />
==dselect-upgrade==<br />
Follow dselect selections<br />
<br />
==clean==<br />
*Erase downloaded archive files<br />
<br />
==autoclean==<br />
Erase old downloaded archive files<br />
<br />
==check==<br />
Verify that there are no broken dependencies<br />
<br />
=Options=<br />
==-h==<br />
==-q==<br />
==-qq==<br />
==-d==<br />
==-s==<br />
==-y==<br />
==-f==<br />
==-m==<br />
==-u==<br />
==-b==<br />
==-V==<br />
==-c=?==<br />
==-o=?==</div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/SshSsh2010-10-01T14:49:30Z<p>Clinton: Reverted edits by Fa11 (Talk); changed back to last version by Harry Kuhman</p>
<hr />
<div>Secure Shell<br />
<br />
<br />
{{page-stub}}<br />
[[Category:Useful Linux Commands]]</div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/Bugs/3.5Bugs/3.52010-10-01T14:49:01Z<p>Clinton: Reverted edits by Fa11 (Talk); changed back to last version by Dr Kludge</p>
<hr />
<div>Knoppix v3.5 Linuxtag-DVD:<br />
<br />
* "knoppix testcd" takes a long time to run, but does not stop to show the results, /var/log/messages is empty, and also dmesg shows nothing.<br />
* game "vegastrike" hangs machine after the splash-screen and "Loading plantets/m_class1.png" (other games like pingus are running okay, also with sound).<br />
* kmidi says "cannot open /dev/sequencer" ([[Win Amp]] can play midi-files okay)<br />
* rosegarden4 crashes with "SIGABRT", traceback tells "no debug-info", then system operation slows to a crawl (top shows load-average 10++, mouse hardly moves, etc.)<br />
* This newer version of knoppix now also doesn't support some SCSI CD Burners anymore. [http://bugs.debian.org/249621]<br />
<br />
<!--Please add all bug reports above this line --><br />
[[Category:Bug Pages]]</div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/Live_CD_TipsLive CD Tips2010-09-10T15:04:15Z<p>Clinton: Reverted edits by Garydavid (Talk); changed back to last version by 80.221.51.129</p>
<hr />
<div>Using a Live CD does not mean that you are stuck with what is on the CD. New technologies make the Knoppix Live CD very versatile and flexible, and there are many things you can do with the Live CD without having to resort to a full-blown hard disk install. <br />
<br />
With a Live CD, you will be using Knoppix in the way it was designed for. You will be mobile. All you need to carry around is a CD and a small USB flash drive to store your settings and configurations. You will then be able to start Knoppix from almost anywhere with the same data, settings and even your own installed programs. A hard disk installation on the other hand, will tie you to the disk where you installed it, plus all the possible problems that come with a hard disk install. <br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Free up the CD Drive'''==<br />
<br />
===<small>toram cheat code</small>===<br />
<br />
At the boot prompt, type "knoppix toram". Knoppix will load the contents of the CD into ram and run from there. After boot up, the CD can be removed and the cd drive will be available for other uses. Because this will take up a lot of ram, it is recommended for those with at least 1 GB of ram. See also [[Cheat Codes]]<br />
<br />
===<small>tohd cheat code</small>===<br />
<br />
Insert and start with the CD. At the boot prompt, type "knoppix tohd=<path to some hard disk>". For example if you have space in hda2, type "knoppix tohd=/dev/hda2. Knoppix will create a folder called "knoppix" in the disk you chose and run from there. After this, the CD can be removed. The disk partition used can be a Linux format such as ext3 but can also be fat32, but not ntfs. See also [[Cheat Codes]].<br />
<br />
At the next boot, you can save some steps by using the cheat code: "knoppix fromhd=<path to the disk you used>. This procedure has been called the [[Basic Poor Mans]] Install.<br />
<br />
===<small>bootfrom cheat code</small>===<br />
<br />
This allows you to use an iso image file stored on media. Insert the CD and start with the CD. At the boot prompt, type: “knoppix bootfrom=<path to where iso is stored>. After boot up, the CD can be removed. See also [[Cheat Codes]].<br />
<br />
Several different isos can be booted from the same CD. The only limitation is that the kernel version on the CD must be the same as that in the iso file. This method is often used to test remastered Knoppix iso files before committing to a burn. <br />
<br />
There are also tweaks which allow you to do away with the CD altogether. <br />
<br />
This method is more robust than a full-blown hard disk install. Since the integrity of the iso file is maintained just as it would be on a CD itself, the likelihood of problems arising is reduced. <br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Installing Programs'''==<br />
<br />
One of the limitations of a Live CD is that most of the system area is read-only – in particular, /usr where most executable programs are kept. Some programs can run from /home, which is writable, but many programs need to change and access components into standard locations like /lib or /usr/lib are read-only. Fortunately there are solutions.<br />
<br />
===<small>Klik</small>===<br />
<br />
Klik is system which packs many popular programs into a single /cmg file suitable for running from /home. Programs can be set up and run with a single “klik�?. See <br />
[http://klik.atekon.de/ klik website] for details. There is also an entire section in the forum devoted to klik, including instructions on how to set it up for Knoppix. <br />
<br />
===<small>Unionfs</small>===<br />
<br />
Unionfs is another important development introduced into Knoppix from Version 3.8 onwards. Unionfs is a virtual filesystem. It creates a writable system file area in ram with all the system directories such as /etc /usr and so on. This is then seamlessly merged with the read-only system files on the CD. A very readable description of unionfs can be found here: [http://www.oreillynet.com/sysadmin/blog/2005/03/knoppix_38_and_unionfs_wow_jus.html Kyle Rankin on unionfs]<br />
<br />
With unionfs, it becomes possible to “write�? to the system area. Knoppix can then be treated almost like it is installed on a writable media. You can do install programs with apt-get or synaptic, download and install .deb packages, compile and install new drivers, edit config files in /etc and so on.<br />
<br />
Of course, you may still download an incompatible package which upsets Knoppix's delicate balance and break Knoppix, just like in a hard disk install. But this is a Live CD! The problems go away at the next reboot.<br />
<br />
On the other hand, if you installed something which works well, you will not have to do it again. You can save it and it can be made available at the next session – see below.<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Saving Configurations, Data and System changes'''==<br />
<br />
===<small>Save Knoppix Configuration</small>===<br />
<br />
This can be launched from the Knoppix Menu -> Configure -> Save Knoppix configuration. It saves many configuration settings and also your /home directory into a file. It also creates a script knoppix.sh which will run at the next reboot to load the saved settings.<br />
<br />
To load the saved configuration at the next reboot, enter the cheat code “knoppix myconfig=<path to where config was saved>.<br />
<br />
For details see the following references:<br />
<br />
*[http://www.oreillynet.com/sysadmin/blog/2004/11/remaster_knoppix_without_remas.html Kyle Rankin: remaster without remastering]<br />
*[[Configuration Howto]]<br />
<br />
===<small>Persistent Disk Image</small>===<br />
<br />
This is one of the most useful features in Knoppix, and together with unionfs, makes Knoppix very versatile indeed. Earlier versions allowed the /home directory to be saved. From V3.8 onwards, the entire unionfs can be saved, so that configuration changes, settings, user data, packages which have been downloaded and installed etc can all be saved and will be available at subsequent sessions. <br />
<br />
To set up a persistent Knoppix disk image, run Knoppix menu -> Configure -> Create a persistent KNOPPIX disk image (V5.0.1). You will be asked to select a location, a size, and a choice to use encryption (e.g. if you want to keep your data private). A image file knoppix.img will be created at the location you chose.<br />
<br />
At the next boot, Knoppix will scan for any image file named knoppix.img and then ask if you want to load it. If you load it, any changes you make will be saved into the image file automatically.<br />
<br />
''Make multiple persistent images!''<br />
<br />
What happens if you make lots of configuration changes or download and install packages and then Knoppix breaks? Doesn't a persistent image bring the same problems as a hard disk install? Here, a good strategy is to make a copy of your previous, stable persistent image to another file e.g. backup.img. Knoppix will only load knoppix.img. Go ahead, do your experiments, make your changes, install packages etc with confidence. If Knoppix breaks, just rename backup.img to knoppix.img and you have very quickly rolled back to your last, stable and good configuration. It is certainly much easier than trying to fix a broken hard disk installation.<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category : FAQ Page]]</div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/Debootstrap_to_LiveCDDebootstrap to LiveCD2010-08-30T16:57:14Z<p>Clinton: Reverted edits by 3qdesigns123 (Talk); changed back to last version by Clinton</p>
<hr />
<div>=PREAMBLE=<br />
<br />
*This script can be run using any debian based distro, including the [http://www.knopper.net/knoppix-mirrors/index-en.html Knoppix 5.1] boot cd.<br />
*Knoppix Sources http://debian-knoppix.alioth.debian.org/<br />
*Please note that this howto is not without a few flaws, please revise and suggest as necessary.<br />
<br />
*Debian Releases:<br />
**[http://www.debian.org/releases/stable/ etch] = stable realease<br />
**[http://www.debian.org/releases/testing/ lenny] = testing release<br />
**[http://www.debian.org/releases/unstable/ sid] = unstable release<br />
<br />
=CONVENTIONS USED=<br />
The following conventions are used, within dotted box:<br />
Commands & paramaters<br />
Text within this dotted box can be put directly into a script<br />
Some commands are linked, if you require further explanation of the command or parameter click the link. Example shown below:<br />
[[apt-get]]<br />
<br />
=GETTING STARTED=<br />
NOTE: You will need about 9 Gigabytes of free disk space. All dotted boxes below are to be put into a script, or into a shell directly. <br />
==Setup The Environment==<br />
=====Hash Bang=====<br />
*As required at the beginning of a script (UNIX), a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shebang_(Unix) Hash Bang]<br />
#!/bin/bash<br />
<br />
You will need KNOPPIX_V5.1.0CD-2006-12-30-EN.iso (or whatever version one you want)<br />
<br />
=====Script Variables=====<br />
*More info see: [http://tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/variables.html BASH Variables]<br />
* cd somewhere appropriate and become superuser<br />
cd $HOME<br />
export KNXISO=KNOPPIX_V5.1.0CD-2006-12-30-EN.iso<br />
wget http://www.kernel.org/pub/dist/knoppix/${KNXISO}<br />
ln -s `pwd`/${KNXISO} /tmp/${KNXISO} # make link for later<br />
su # become superuser<br />
! type extract_compressed_fs && [[apt-get]] cloop-utils # You will need cloop<br />
! type qemu && [[apt-get]] qemu # Optional, you might need qemu<br />
KNXROOT=[[`pwd`]]/knxstrap<br />
OLDSRCDIR=${KNXROOT}/oldsrc/KNOPPIX<br />
NEWSRCDIR=${KNXROOT}/newsrc/KNOPPIX<br />
MASTERDIR=${KNXROOT}/master<br />
ARCH=i386 <br />
DEBIAN_RELEASE=sid # (http://www.debian.org/releases/unstable/)<br />
DEBIAN_MIRROR=http://http.us.debian.org/debian<br />
# DEBIAN_MIRROR=http://debian.osuosl.org/debian # or use this mirror<br />
<br />
=====Make directories, mount CD image, copy files over to the Master dir=====<br />
mkdir -p ${MASTERDIR} ${NEWSRCDIR}/usr/src \<br />
${OLDSRCDIR}/knxfiles ${KNXROOT}/mnt<br />
mount -t iso9660 -o ro,loop=/dev/loop/0 /tmp/${KNXISO} ${KNXROOT}/mnt<br />
cd ${KNXROOT}/mnt && find . -size -10000k -type f -exec \<br />
cp -p --parents '{}' ${MASTERDIR} \;<br />
<br />
=====Extract compressed Knoppix filesystem=====<br />
extract_compressed_fs ${KNXROOT}/mnt/KNOPPIX/KNOPPIX > \<br />
${KNXROOT}/KNOPPIX.src.iso<br />
cd ${KNXROOT}; umount ${KNXROOT}/mnt<br />
mount -t iso9660 -o ro,loop=/dev/loop/0 \<br />
${KNXROOT}/KNOPPIX.src.iso ${KNXROOT}/mnt<br />
<br />
=====Copy files over to old source dir=====<br />
cp -Rp ${KNXROOT}/mnt/* ${OLDSRCDIR}<br />
umount ${KNXROOT}/mnt<br />
rmdir ${KNXROOT}/mnt<br />
<br />
=====Go into old source dir and reconstruct Knoppix specific packages=====<br />
chroot ${OLDSRCDIR}<br />
dpkg --get-selections > dpkg.selections.txt<br />
COLUMNS=200<br />
KNOPPIX_PACKAGES=`dpkg -l "*knoppix*" | grep ^ii |awk '{print $2} '`<br />
KNOPPIX_PACKAGES+=`dpkg -l "*2\.6*" | grep "^ii" |awk '{print $2} '`<br />
# The following list is based on knoppix 5.1, you may have to change<br />
# it for other versions<br />
KNOPPIX_PACKAGES+="linux-kernel-headers \<br />
linux-sound-base \<br />
loop-aes-utils \<br />
madwifi-tools \<br />
ndiswrapper-utils"<br />
<br />
Make packages from original Knoppix version. You will get lots of errors that it can't find necessary files (mostly in /usr/share...) on this next step; you can safely ignore them.<br />
cd knxfiles<br />
for PACKAGE in ${KNOPPIX_PACKAGES};<br />
{<br />
dpkg-repack ${PACKAGE}<br />
};<br />
exit<br />
<br />
Get bootstrap files, copy selections and /usr/src over to new source dir<br />
debootstrap --arch ${ARCH} ${DEBIAN_RELEASE} ${NEWSRCDIR} ${DEBIAN_MIRROR}<br />
cp -prd ${OLDSRCDIR}/knxfiles ${OLDSRCDIR}/dpkg.selections.txt ${NEWSRCDIR}<br />
cp -Rp ${OLDSRCDIR}/usr/src/* ${NEWSRCDIR}/usr/src<br />
<br />
chroot to new source dir<br />
chroot ${NEWSRCDIR} /usr/bin/env -i HOME=/root TERM=$TERM \<br />
PS1='\u:\w\$ ' PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin /bin/bash --login<br />
<br />
Install dependencies required for Knoppix, answer "y" to all queries<br />
<br />
[[apt-get]] update<br />
[[apt-get]] install \<br />
gawk \<br />
perl \<br />
libdb4.4 \<br />
perl-modules \<br />
console-tools \<br />
console-data \<br />
console-common \<br />
pciutils \<br />
libpci2 \<br />
udev \<br />
libvolume-id0 \<br />
pump \<br />
dhcp3-common \<br />
binutils \<br />
debhelper \<br />
dpkg-dev \<br />
file \<br />
gettext \<br />
html2text \<br />
intltool-debian \<br />
libmagic1 \<br />
make \<br />
patch \<br />
po-debconf \<br />
modutils<br />
useradd -m knoppix<br />
echo 'deb-src http://debian-knoppix.alioth.debian.org ./' \<br />
>> /etc/apt/sources.list<br />
echo 'deb http://debian-knoppix.alioth.debian.org ./' \<br />
>> /etc/apt/sources.list<br />
<br />
Update and install knoppix specific deb's, you will get some errors in the dpkg step, ignore them<br />
[[apt-get]] [[apt-get#update|update]]<br />
[[dpkg]] -i /knxfiles/* # Say "NO" to "stop install since..."<br />
rm -rf /knxfiles<br />
<br />
NOTE: The following will install EVERYTHING that was in the original CD! At this point you are going to start seeing errors. Mostly because the configure scripts are trying to do things to your run-time system and they are failing since you are in a chroot. If the errors are from dmraid samba, telnetd-ssl, etc then you can safely ignore them.<br />
<br />
[[apt-get]] -f install<br />
for pkg in `grep "\binstall$" dpkg.selections.txt | awk '{print $1} '`; \<br />
do apt-get -y --force-yes install $pkg; done<br />
dselect update<br />
[[apt-get]] dselect-upgrade<br />
<br />
Install extra stuff if you want (optional).<br />
<br />
[[apt-get]] install whatever<br />
<br />
Now it's time for a sanity check, if you do:<br />
[[dpkg]] --status xserver-xorg-video-nv<br />
<br />
and it tells you it's not installed then something is wrong and you need to force dpkg to install this (and many more probably missing)<br />
<br />
Clean up if you want to get rid of some space so it fits on a CD<br />
chmod 755 /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc # fix mode on xinitrc<br />
[[apt-get]] remove kde-i18n* # this is optional<br />
deborphan | xargs [[apt-get]] -y remove # do this until nothing left to orphan<br />
COLUMNS=200 [[dpkg]] -l |grep ^rc |awk '{print $2} ' | xargs [[dpkg]] -P<br />
[[apt-get]] [[apt-get#clean|clean]]<br />
# this is optional, if you need space:<br />
cd /var/lib/apt/lists; rm -f *Packages *Release *Release.gpg<br />
rm -rf /var/lib/dpkg/*old /var/cache/debconf/*old \<br />
/var/cache/apt/*bin /usr/share/doc/*<br />
exit<br />
<br />
==Finalize==<br />
Prep startup rc startup scripts, (dead link)<br />
<br />
rm -rf ${NEWSRCDIR}/etc/rc* ${NEWSRCDIR}/etc/inittab ${NEWSRCDIR}/etc/passwd<br />
cp -ax ${OLDSRCDIR}/etc/inittab ${OLDSRCDIR}/etc/passwd \<br />
${OLDSRCDIR}/etc/rc* ${NEWSRCDIR}/etc<br />
<br />
We're basically done but if you want to make any changes with how Knoppix starts or what comes up when it starts, this is the place to do it. You could just copy stuff to /etc/skel so that you have it on your new cd under /home/knoppix<br />
==Build The CD==<br />
*Make the compressed KNOPPIX CLOOP file<br />
<br />
[[mkisofs]] -R -U -V "Knoppix" -publisher "yourname" -hide-rr-moved \<br />
-cache-inodes -no-bak -pad ${NEWSRCDIR} | nice -5 \<br />
/usr/bin/create_compressed_fs - 65536 > ${MASTERDIR}/KNOPPIX/KNOPPIX<br />
<br />
Create the knoppix.iso file <br />
<br />
[[mkisofs]] -pad -l -r -J -v -V "KNOPPIX" -no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 \<br />
-boot-info-table -b boot/isolinux/isolinux.bin -c boot/isolinux/boot.cat \<br />
-hide-rr-moved -o ${KNXROOT}/knoppix.iso ${MASTERDIR}<br />
<br />
Try it out<br />
qemu -m 128 -cdrom ${KNXROOT}/knoppix.iso -boot d<br />
<br />
Burn it<br />
k3b ${KNXROOT}/knoppix.iso<br />
<br />
<br />
=SPECIAL THANKS & SUPPORT=<br />
*If this was of help, feel free to post a [http://www.knoppix.net/wikinew/index.php?title=Talk:Debootstrap_to_LiveCD&action=edit&section=new message]<br />
*[http://www.knoppix.net/wikinew/index.php?title=Talk:Debootstrap_to_LiveCD&action=edit&section=new Support]<br />
*How do I find what files belong to what packages? [[whatpackage|answer]]<br />
[[Category: Remastering Knoppix ]]</div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/LiveCDLiveCD2010-08-22T22:07:24Z<p>Clinton: Reverted edits by Rebe12322srebeca (Talk); changed back to last version by Clinton</p>
<hr />
<div>En español: [[CDVivo]].<br />
-----<br />
A LiveCD is an operating system stored in a CD-ROM that can be executed from it, without installation in the hard drive, although it can be optionally installed in the primary or secondary hard drives.<br />
<br />
One can use a ready CD or burn an [[ISO | ISO image]] downloaded from the Internet, using a [[download manager]].<br />
<br />
The most popular are the GNU/Linux LiveCDs, specially [[Knoppix]] (based in [[KDE]]) and [[Gnoppix]] (based in GNU [[Gnome]].<br />
<br />
<br />
Knoppix can also be run from a USB pen, [http://www.pendrivelinux.com/2007/01/01/usb-knoppix-510/] explains how.</div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/Security_Live_CDSecurity Live CD2010-08-20T13:09:19Z<p>Clinton: Reverted edits by Jennie (Talk); changed back to last version by 92.227.18.176</p>
<hr />
<div><!-- according to current web page, BackTrack is now Slackware-based....<br />
<br />
== [http://www.remote-exploit.org BackTrack Auditor security collection] ==<br />
BackTrack with the Auditor Security Collection is a Knoppix based LiveCD with focus on '''Security'''.<br><br />
Feature: standardised working environment, remote support, optimal toolset.<br><br />
Content: Tools for foot-printing, analysis, scanning, wireless driver, brute-forcing, cracking, information on standard configurations and password, 64 millions word list, productivity (web browsers, editor, graphic, report generator), Wellenreiter and Kismet with automatic hardware identification, wireless card drivers.<br><br />
*Homepage: http://www.remote-exploit.org/backtrack.html<br />
*Download: http://www.remote-exploit.org/backtrack_download.html<br />
*Forum: http://data.forumhoster.com/forum_max1111<br />
*Latest version: BackTrack 2 Stable release Mar 06 2007<br />
*MD5Sum: 990940d975f13d8418b0daa175560ae0<br />
*Size: 689 MB.<br />
*Author: Max Moser<br />
-----<br />
<br />
--><br />
<br />
== [http://echelonlinux.free.fr/ Echelonlinux] ==<br />
Echelon is a Damn Small Linux based distro from '''France''', for '''monitoring''' and '''managing''' network. <br><br />
Content: Apache based system, network monitoring with Nagios, vulnerabilities scan with Nessus, services monitoring, configuration tools (with web interface).<br><br />
*Homepage: http://freshmeat.net/projects/echelonlinux/ and http://www.echelonlinux.org (offline)<br />
*Download: ftp://mirror2.echelonlinux.org/ (offline)<br />
*Screenshot: http://www.echelonlinux.org/index.html#screenshot (offline)<br />
*Latest version: 0.2.iso (last updated 2004)<br />
*Size: 108,172 KB<br />
*Language: '''French''' and '''English'''<br />
*Author: Mikaël Mourcia.<br />
-----<br />
== [http://www.e-fense.com/helix/ Helix] ==<br />
Helix focuses on Incident Response & Forensics tools. Helix has been modified very carefully to NOT touch the host computer in any way and it is forensically sound. Helix wil not auto mount swap space, nor auto mount any attached devices. Helix also has a special Windows autorun side for Incident Response and Forensics.<br />
<br />
*Homepage: http://www.e-fense.com/helix/<br />
*Size: ?<br />
*Language: '''English'''<br />
*Forums: http://www.e-fense.com/helix/forum/index.php<br />
-----<br />
== [http://www.inside-security.de/INSERT_en.html INSERT] ==<br />
Inside '''Security Rescue''' Toolkit (INSERT) is a LiveCD based on Knoppix. <br><br />
Content: various tools: network analysis (lcrzoex), disaster [http://www.datasol.org/disaster-recovery.php recovery ] (gpart),<br><br />
anti virus (Clam Antivirus), forensics (chkrootkit), surf internet (links, AxY FTP)<br />
*Homepage: http://www.inside-security.de/INSERT_en.html]<br />
*Size: Small, fit into credit card sized CD-ROM.<br />
*Language: '''German''', '''English'''<br />
-----<br />
== [http://www.knoppix-std.org Knoppix STD] ==<br />
KnoppixSTD is a Knoppix based LiveCD with focus on '''Security''' and '''Network management''' tools. Content: Fluxbox, Wide variety of security tools.<br><br />
*Homepage: http://www.s-t-d.org<br />
*Forum: http://www.forum.s-t-d.org<br />
-----<br />
<br />
== [http://www.localareasecurity.com/ Local Area Security Knoppix] ==<br />
Local Area Security is a Knoppix based distro with focus on '''Security tools'''.<br><br />
Content: pen testing, forensics, monitoring, firewalls, IDS, and administration.<br><br />
*Homepage: http://www.localareasecurity.com<br />
*Latest version: 0.4 Main<br />
*Size: 185 MB and 210 MB '''MiniCD'''.<br />
-----<br />
== [http://www.linux-forensics.com Penguin Sleuth Kit] ==<br />
Penguin Sleuth Kit is a Knoppix based LiveCD with focus on '''computer forensic examinations''' and '''information security''' tools. <br><br />
*Homepage: http://www.linux-forensics.com<br />
*Forum: http://www.linux-forensics.com<br />
-----</div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/Spanish_Knoppix_FAQSpanish Knoppix FAQ2010-08-20T13:08:20Z<p>Clinton: Reverted edits by Rebe12322 (Talk); changed back to last version by Macv</p>
<hr />
<div>=== Knoppix FAQs in other languages / en otras lenguas===<br />
*German Version: [[Deutsch Knoppix FAQ]]<br />
*English Version: [[Knoppix FAQ]]<br />
*Indonesian Version: [[Indonesian Knoppix FAQ]]<br />
*Russian Version: [[Russian Knoppix FAQ]]<br />
<br />
----<br />
<br />
=== Categorías ===<br />
<br />
* [[FAQ General]] - ¿Quién?, ¿qué?, ¿por qué?, etc.<br />
<br />
* [[FAQ_Descargando|FAQ Descargando]] - Descargando y grabando Knoppix en CD<br />
<br />
* [[FAQ Uso]] - Usando Knoppix<br />
<br />
* [[FAQ Instalación]] - Instalando Knoppix <br />
<br />
* [[FAQ Instalando en Disco Duro]] - Configurando Knoppix después de la instalación. (Ejm. dual boot, problemas de sonido, etc..)<br />
<br />
* [[FAQ Actualización del Kernel]] - instalado en el disco duro.<br />
<br />
[[Category : FAQ Page]]</div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/Apt-getApt-get2010-08-20T13:07:51Z<p>Clinton: Reverted edits by Rebe12322rebeca (Talk); changed back to last version by Harry Kuhman</p>
<hr />
<div>apt-get is a simple command line interface for downloading and<br />
installing packages. The most frequently used commands are update<br />
and install.<br />
<br />
=Commands:=<br />
==update==<br />
*Retrieve new lists of packages<br />
<br />
==upgrade==<br />
*Perform an upgrade<br />
<br />
==install==<br />
* Install new packages <br />
**For example a package is libc6 not libc6.deb<br />
**You would use apt-get isntall libc6, not apt-get install libc6.deb<br />
<br />
==remove==<br />
Remove package<br />
<br />
==source==<br />
Download source archives<br />
<br />
==build-dep==<br />
Configure build-dependencies for source packages<br />
<br />
==dist-upgrade==<br />
Distribution upgrade, see apt-get(8)<br />
<br />
==dselect-upgrade==<br />
Follow dselect selections<br />
<br />
==clean==<br />
*Erase downloaded archive files<br />
<br />
==autoclean==<br />
Erase old downloaded archive files<br />
<br />
==check==<br />
Verify that there are no broken dependencies<br />
<br />
=Options=<br />
==-h==<br />
==-q==<br />
==-qq==<br />
==-d==<br />
==-s==<br />
==-y==<br />
==-f==<br />
==-m==<br />
==-u==<br />
==-b==<br />
==-V==<br />
==-c=?==<br />
==-o=?==</div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/Customizing_environment_using_4.0.2CDCustomizing environment using 4.0.2CD2010-08-06T15:38:32Z<p>Clinton: Reverted edits by Bestbluray (Talk); changed back to last version by Shibo</p>
<hr />
<div>These are the steps I use to customize my Knoppix 4.0.2 environment.<br />
<br />
__TOC__<br />
= Persistent Disk Image (PDI) =<br />
A persistent disk image allows me to customize Knoppix without having to remaster the CD. With a generic Knoppix CD and a PDI, I can take my environment to just about any computer.<br />
<br />
Create a persistent disk image either from the GUI or the command line<br />
* From within KDE<br />
K > KNOPPIX > Configure > Create persistent KNOPPIX image<br />
* command line<br />
knoppix-mkimage<br />
I prefer an image size of 500 MB, which is just large enough for a significant amount of software updates yet small enough to fit on a USB thumb drive. I don't choose encryption, but that's a personal preference. Once you create the image, reboot and specify the image at the boot prompt. Assuming the knoppix.img is at /mnt/sda1/, then:<br />
boot: knoppix home=/mnt/sda1/knoppix.img<br />
Note: Specifying the home folder may not be necessary. Apparently, Knoppix scans for the knoppix.img even if one does not specify home=.<br />
<br />
= Installing Microsoft's True Type fonts =<br />
Installing Microsoft's True Type fonts using apt-get at the command line<br />
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install msttcorefonts<br />
Change the fonts in KDE:<br />
* open "K > Control Center"<br />
* open "Appearance & Themes > Fonts"<br />
* click "Adjust All Fonts"<br />
* check "Font"<br />
* highlight "Bitstream Vera Sans"<br />
* click "OK"<br />
* click "Apply"<br />
* select "File > Quit"<br />
<br />
= Customizing the tool bar =<br />
== Mozilla Firefox ==<br />
Firefox uses the globe icon instead of the icon with the firefox. I like to change the icon to the Firefox icon.<br />
* right click the Firefox icon in the toolbar<br />
* click on Properties<br />
* click on the icon<br />
* in the search box, type "fire"<br />
* double-click on the FireFox icon<br />
* click OK<br />
= Customizing the K menu =<br />
== Run KSysV as root ==<br />
* click on "K > System"<br />
* right-click on "KSysV (SysV-Init Editor)"<br />
* click on "Edit Item"<br />
* in the Command text field, add sudo to the front of the command<br />
sudo ksysv -caption "%c" %i %m<br />
* uncheck "Run as different user"<br />
* click on "File > Save"<br />
* click on "File > Quit"<br />
<br />
= Changing the background image =<br />
Change the background image to Debian Blue:<br />
* open "K > Control Center"<br />
* open "Appearance & Themes > Background"<br />
* click the radio button "Picture"<br />
* choose "Debian Blue" from the drop-down menu<br />
* click "Apply"<br />
* select "File > Quit"<br />
<br />
= Changing the splash screen =<br />
Change the splash screen to "Redmond":<br />
* open "K > Control Center"<br />
* open "Appearance & Themes > Splash Screen"<br />
* click on Redmond<br />
* click "Apply"<br />
* select "File > Quit"<br />
<br />
= Setting up and starting services =<br />
== Setting up webmin ==<br />
# test<br />
lynx -dump http://localhost:10000/<br />
# install/setup<br />
sudo -i<br />
passwd<br />
apt-get update<br />
apt-get install webmin<br />
rm /etc/rc?.d/*webmin<br />
update-rc.d webmin start 30 2 3 4 5 . stop 70 0 1 6 .<br />
/etc/init.d/webmin stop<br />
/etc/init.d/webmin start<br />
# test<br />
lynx -dump http://localhost:10000/<br />
<br />
== Setting up the apache webserver ==<br />
# test<br />
lynx -dump http://localhost/<br />
# install/setup<br />
sudo -i<br />
update-rc.d apache start 40 2 3 4 5 . stop 60 0 1 6 .<br />
/etc/init.d/apache stop<br />
/etc/init.d/apache start<br />
# test<br />
lynx -dump http://localhost/<br />
<br />
setting up webmin-apache<br />
apt-get update<br />
apt-get install webmin-apache<br />
#<br />
# test connection to apache module and configure (I choose the defaults)<br />
lynx https://localhost:10000/apache/index.cgi<br />
<br />
== Setting up the SSH server ==<br />
# test<br />
ssh knoppix@localhost<br />
# install/setup<br />
sudo -i<br />
passwd knoppix<br />
update-rc.d ssh start 35 2 3 4 5 . stop 65 0 1 6 .<br />
perl -i -plne 's/(^PermitRootLogin) yes/$1 no/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config<br />
/etc/init.d/ssh stop<br />
/etc/init.d/ssh start<br />
# test<br />
ssh knoppix@localhost<br />
<br />
setting up webmin-ssh<br />
apt-get update<br />
apt-get install webmin-sshd<br />
#<br />
# test connection to sshd module<br />
https://localhost:10000/sshd/index.cgi<br />
<br />
== Setting up the MySQL server ==<br />
# test<br />
mysql --no-defaults -h localhost -u root mysql -e 'status'<br />
# install/setup<br />
sudo -i<br />
update-rc.d mysql start 35 2 3 4 5 . stop 65 0 1 6 .<br />
perl -i -plne 's/(^old_pass)/# $1/' /etc/mysql/my.cnf <br />
/etc/init.d/mysql stop<br />
/etc/init.d/mysql start<br />
# test<br />
mysql --no-defaults -h localhost -u root mysql -e 'status'<br />
<br />
configuring MySQL root account<br />
# set a root password<br />
mysqladmin --no-defaults -h localhost -u root password 123456<br />
# unset the root password<br />
mysqladmin --no-defaults -h localhost -u root -p123456 password ''<br />
<br />
setting up webmin-mysql<br />
apt-get update<br />
apt-get install webmin-mysql<br />
#<br />
# test connection to MySQL module<br />
lynx https://localhost:10000/mysql/index.cgi<br />
<br />
== Setting up Mediawiki ==<br />
# test<br />
lynx -dump http://localhost/mediawiki/<br />
<br />
# install<br />
apt-get update<br />
apt-get install mediawiki<br />
<br />
# enable index.php<br />
perl -i -plne '$rep="\n\tDirectoryIndex index.html index.htm " .<br />
"index.shtml index.cgi index.php" ;<br />
s#(^.*/mediawiki/>)#$1$rep#' /etc/mediawiki/apache.conf<br />
/etc/init.d/apache reload<br />
<br />
# configure -- Fill in form<br />
lynx http://localhost/mediawiki/<br />
<br />
# If configuring worked, move the config files around <br />
( set -x<br />
mv /var/lib/mediawiki/config/LocalSettings.php /etc/mediawiki/LocalSettings.php &&<br />
chmod 600 /etc/mediawiki/LocalSettings.php &&<br />
rm -rf /var/lib/mediawiki/config/<br />
)<br />
/etc/init.d/apache reload<br />
<br />
==Extral links==<br />
*The following guide will show you how to [http://www.pavtube.com/guide/edit-mod-video.html convert MOD video] to lossless audio with Pavtube MOD Converter. <br />
*[http://www.pavtube.com/hd-video-converter-mac/ Mac HD converter] convert among all HD video and audio formats on Mac. <br />
*[http://www.pavtube.com/mts-converter/ MTS Converter] is a professional but easy-to-use MTS Video Converter.<br />
*With [http://www.pavtube.com/tod-converter/ TOD Converter] it is so easy to quickly and perfectly convert tod file.<br />
*[http://www.pavtube.com/flv-converter/ FLV to Video Converter] is an easy-to-use tool for converting FLV files to popular video and audio formats.<br />
*[http://www.pavtube.com/blu-ray-ripper/ Blu-ray converter] allows you convert blu-ray and general dvd to various video and audio formats like avi, mp4, wmv, mpeg, mkv, mov, xvid, mp3 without any loss.</div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/PackagePackage2010-07-30T15:03:57Z<p>Clinton: Reverted edits by Waexu66 (Talk); changed back to last version by Clinton</p>
<hr />
<div>* [[apt]]<br />
* [[dpkg]]<br />
<br />
==== Alien ====<br />
Alien is a computer program that converts between different Linux package distribution file formats. It supports conversion between Linux Standard Base LSB, Red Hat Package Management RPM, deb, Stampede (.slp) and Slackware (tgz) packages.<br />
<br />
If not really installed, you can install it using [[Synaptic]].<br />
<br />
* [http://kitenet.net/programs/alien/ alien home page]<br />
<br />
==== See also: ====<br />
<br />
*[http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/linuxnut4/chapter/index.html oreilly linuxnut]</div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/HD_Install_Warning_not_to_do_itHD Install Warning not to do it2010-07-29T17:18:20Z<p>Clinton: Reverted edits by Rebe123 (Talk); changed back to last version by Andrew Maiman</p>
<hr />
<div>::: Summary: Unless you are very familiar with the Debian's packaging model of stable, testing, and unstable, please do not install Knoppix to your harddrive. If you wish to install Linux to your hard drive, try [http://www.debian.org/ Debian].<br />
<br />
-----<br />
<br />
Knoppix is a Live CD. It is based on the Debian "distro" of Linux. To the best of my knowledge all of the packages (and many many more) that are included with Knoppix can be installed from the Debian website with the Debian package manager.<br />
<br />
But '''Knoppix isn't Debian'''. Knoppix is a live CD (or now live DVD) and is intended to run right from the CD. Clearly Debian runs from the CD too, since the Debian installer runs under Debian when the CD boots, but the only thing that Debian is intended to do when running from the install CD is to install, where Knoppix tries to give you a rich and portable environment, and an introduction to Linux before ever having to make any change to your hard disk. But it isn't intended that you just copy things to the hard disk and run that way. Knoppix added some very cool hardware detection at a time when Debian was asking a lot of technical questions during the install; questions that some users found hard to answer, and even experienced users may have to stop the install to check their hardware or their Windows software to get the answer to. Some people were so impressed with this that they wrote scripts to ''"install"'' the software to hard disk. But in the three years I've been watching these forums I see the same problems come up over and over again. The same "this works from CD, why did it break after I installed Knoppix questions" (if they even bother to mention that they did install to hard disk). The scripts just don't get some simple things like file permissions right, and there is a much more serious problem as well:<br />
<br />
That problem is that there are several different versions of Debian. These are sometimes called the stable, testing and unstable versions. At other times they are known by their internal code names for the different versions. Hopefully someday the testing version will become the new stable version, but the versions known as Sarge or Woody will always be Sarge and Woody, no matter if they are called stable or not. So why is this a problem? Because when you add programs or install security updates or other updates, the design of the Debian system expects that you will stay within the same version. Packages (programs) that work under Sarge are expected to stay under Sarge. They are not tested to work under other releases and indeed may not work or may even break something else when installed or updated. The same is true for the other versions of Debian as well.<br />
<br />
Hopefully by now you are thinking ''"So what and, by the way, which version of Debian is Knoppix based on?"'' Well, Klaus made a very important choice when he built Knoppix. Knowing that it was going to be run from a CD he decided that he could mix and match between the different Debian versions, as long as he did this carefully and tested everything and manually fixed version problems. For him that was a good choice. The "stable" version of Debian is usually somewhat dated. The testing version is usually actually pretty stable, although there may be some minor issues to be worked out or just things that haven't been tested enough for Debian to classify as stable when a distro of Linux is going to be used in a large expensive mission critical application. There may be some software that is so new that it is only in the "unstable" version, even though that software itself is pretty well known to be stable and bug free (as much as any software ever is). So choosing to mix between the versions and test extensively for version issues allows Klaus to release a great live CD. It can contain some of the newest packages when needed. It can contain stable packages from a trusted version when newer versions have known problems, or have become too bloated to fit on the CD, or when there is any other good reason to stay with an older version. This works out great for a Live CD where everything has been tested to work together well. It does not work out so well when you take that combination of carefully tested and balanced (and maybe hacked to fit) software and install it to hard disk, particularly if you ever install anything else or try to update any of the current packages. That makes the package manager do things that it is not intended to do with parts taken from the different versions. And people who do that frequently come back to these forums and bad mouth Linux as being unfit for the desktop even though they were warned not to do it and that there would be problems.<br />
<br />
If you are a hard core experienced Linux user, then the advice to not install Knoppix may not be for you. Such people may have the experience to resolve these problems (as well as the permission problems that the install scripts seem to have and never fix), and may enjoy the challenge of taking a version of Linux from a Live CD and putting it on a hard disk. But installing Knoppix to hard disk is not advised for the average user. It sure would scare the hell out of me.<br />
<br />
The good news is that Debian and many other distros intended for install to hard disk have improved their installers greatly since Knoppix first came out. They may not be perfect, but are a lot closer to perfection than a "Knoppix hard disk install". But unfortunately many people tend to look at Knoppix as the first version of Linux that they ever get running on their system and then are not willing to look any farther when they decide to install Linux to their hard disk, and are not willing to listen to the warnings, particularly when they hear that there is a Knoppix "installer" or stumble across it.<br />
<br />
<br />
It is sometimes said that ''"Knoppix, once installed to disk, basically becomes Debian"''. This is an unfortunate statement that I believe is often taken out of context. For people who have decided to install Knoppix anyway and have managed to get it working, then indeed Knoppix is sort of Debian since it is based on Debian, and you can turn to the Debian resources for answers to your questions (although the Debian forums are well aware of the Knoppix problems and usually will refuse to support a ''Knoppix on hard disk'' install). But it would be a disservice to users to suggest that when you get one of the Knoppix install scripts to work then you have what you would have if you had installed Debian.<br />
<br />
<br />
Users still interested in installing to hard disk may wish to read this forum post: http://www.knoppix.net/forum/viewtopic.php?p=87187#87187<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category: Hard drive Installation]]</div>Clintonhttp://ftp.knoppix.net/wiki/Bugs/3.9-2005-05-27Bugs/3.9-2005-05-272010-07-26T22:08:23Z<p>Clinton: Reverted edits by Jheena789 (Talk); changed back to last version by Chani</p>
<hr />
<div>List V3.9 2005-05-27 bugs here<br />
<br />
1.) It seems that [http://www.knoppix.net/forum/viewtopic.php?p=85330#85330 v3.9's UnionFS has broken Debian package management]. To reproduce the bug: Boot Knoppix V3.9, download a package & install it.<br />
<br />
wget http://debian.mirrors.pair.com/pool/main/a/aterm/aterm_0.4.2-11_i386.deb<br />
sudo dpkg -i aterm_0.4.2-11_i386.deb<br />
--[[User:UnderScore|UnderScore]] 20:02, 3 Jun 2005 (GMT)<br />
<br />
Confirmed. Note that apt-get update; apt-get upgrade gets partially through an install before freezing, not all packages trigger this bug.<br />
<br />
--[[User:Nosknoppix|Nosknoppix]] 12:21, 6 Jun 2005 (GMT)<br />
<br />
This seems to be related to the unionfs snapshot from 26.5.05, and links in the menu structure when calling "update-menus". The latest snapshot still has this bug. Until there is a solution for this, we are reverting to unionfs 1.0.11. --[[User:KlausKnopper|KlausKnopper]] Sun Jun 12 23:41:14 CEST 2005<br />
<br />
V3.9 2005-05-27 freezes also on: <br />
apt-get install postgresql<br />
but it works if unstable release of PostgreSQL is used on V3.9. It worked on 3.8 as we tested a "on the fly" installation for http://xdash.jabberstudio.org (thought on 3.8, after several apt-get install xxx calls, apt-get hanged up in the state: uninterruptable sleep -> going back to the older snapshot of UnionFS is probabaly not the best solution...)<br />
--[[User:JWach|JWach]] 09:39, 13 Jun 2005 (GMT)<br />
<br />
2.) The "ub" kernel module is still compiled into the kernel. This prevents Knoppix from booting on USB CD/DVD-ROMs. <a href="http://linux.usc.edu/pipermail/usclug-chat/2004-December/000111.html">This has been known since Linux 2.6.9</a>. --[[User:PopeFelix|PopeFelix]] 16:29, 4 Jun 2005 (GMT)<br />
<br />
Actually, this isn't the case. Knoppix 3.9 seems to boot well on all USB DVD-Writers, CD-Roms etc. On which external USB drive did that problem occur? --[[User:KlausKnopper|KlausKnopper]] Sun Jun 12 23:41:14 CEST 2005<br />
<br />
It still is the case with Knoppix 3.9. Hardware is compaq nc4000 laptop, cdrom is Compaq DVD-ROM drive GDR-8081. It chokes on boot at the same place that 3.8.1 and 3.8.2 did - after "Welcome to the KNOPPIX LIVE lINUX-ON-cd!", it goes to "Scanning for USB/Firewire devices... Done." and then hangs. Apparently it looks for the cdrom again, and "Can't find Knoppix filesystem, sorry." etc comes up and you get dropped to a useless shell. I've tried the "nodma" option, and even booting with debug tells me nothing more. This worked fine with 3.7 and the 2.4 kernel, so I suspect it's the ub driver that is breaking it. --[[User:ljlaubenheimer|ljlaubenheimer]] Thurs July 21 17:03:30 PDT 2005<br />
<br />
3.) Please config out CONFIG_BLK_DEV_UB (the ub driver). This driver has the bizzare side effect of stopping the usb-storage driver from ever seeing a USB device, irrespective of whether the ub module is loaded or not. As PopeFelix noted, this stops knoppix being able to use USB CD/DVD drives. One reason I have switched to kanotix is that absence of the ub driver.<br />
<br />
Also, this seems to work here: ub for USB flash memory and usb-storage for writers. --[[User:KlausKnopper|KlausKnopper]] Sun Jun 12 23:41:14 CEST 2005<br />
<br />
4.) Please use the "ati" driver for ATI Radeon 7000 based video cards. Mine was detected properly, but the generic "vesa" driver was loaded, so no 3D for me!!<br />
<br />
markn1ugm<br />
<br />
Well, PCI IDs for the pcitable, please? --[[User:KlausKnopper|KlausKnopper]] Sun Jun 12 23:41:14 CEST 2005<br />
<br />
5.) When I try to go to the System Configuration menu item under Quick Browser the KDE menu bar disappears and I cannot get it to come back. This also happened once when trying to load Firefox, which never loaded. <br />
<br />
Bug in kicker/3.4.0. Working on it. --[[User:KlausKnopper|KlausKnopper]] Sun Jun 12 23:41:14 CEST 2005<br />
<br />
6.) When shuting the system down, HP ze4610us, the shutdown hangs completely right after sending the kill signal.<br />
<br />
7.) I have not tried my usb flash drive but will next to see if the ub driver problem above hits me as well<br />
<br />
8.) Unable to boot on a Toshiba Satellite Pro 6000 laptop with a NTFS partition. Boots correctly everywhere with a FAT32 partition on the disk. For more informations and investigations, [[http://www.knoppix.net/forum/viewtopic.php?t=18245 see this topic]].<br />
<br />
9.) Unable to boot: kernel Oops PREEMPT SMP on dual 231MHz Pentium Pro server, "balboa" class (BIOS:<br />
AMIBIOS (C) AMI 02/02/1995 Date:-02/02/95<br />
BIOS Version 0.04.05.DA0 Beta 5.04 Production Candidate )<br />
Runs RedHat 7.3, 8.0, 9; boots Debian sarge netinst and Fedora Core 3 installer OK.<br />
"boot: knoppix lang=us nopcmcia noagp noapm nomce noddc"<br />
produces "You passed an undefined mode number ..." [for VGA]<br />
Selecting any of modes 80x25, 80x34, 80x43, 80x50 ...<br />
-- [[User:jreiser|jreiser]] 02:15, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)<br />
<br />
-- Can you post this in a forum and then link to it here? [[User:rwcitek|rwcitek]]<br />
<br />
10.) Knoppix always and only tries to load the vesa and fb drivers for X. Even if another driver [e.g. i810] is detected. X worked on most machines in 3.7, but many are broken in 3.9 now. Maybe consider reverting X's config or modifying the script? --[[User:tnm91|tnm91]] 17:29, 10 Jun 2005 (GMT)<br />
<br />
11) No connection to internet via ISDN with FritzCard 2.0 PCI, with both possibilities.<br />
<br />
12) Does not boot on DELL Latitude D400<br />
The only KNOPPIX that ever booted on DELL D400 was 3.6.<br />
All earlier and later versions do not find a KNOPPIX filesystem (written in red) and drop to a basic shell.<br />
Pity: we all use company-supplied D400 here and are stuck at 3.6.<br />
(udippel, Tue Jun 14 11:23:15 MYT 2005)<br />
<br />
-- Try <b>boot: knoppix nodma</b> See [http://www.knoppix.net/wiki/Using_FAQ#Q:_How_do_I_get_Knoppix_to_boot_Knoppix_when_it_tells_me_that_it_can.27t_find_the_KNOPPIX_filesystem_and_is_dropping_me_to_a_shell.3F this wiki page] -- [[User:rwcitek|rwcitek]]<br />
<br />
-- No - that FAQ refers to systems that failed on 3.4 through 3.7 and work on 3.8 and beyond. nodma does not fix the problem on D400's. Could be related to ub module above - lsmod in the limited shell shows ub is loaded. -- [[User:jmanning2k|jmanning2k]]<br />
<br />
-- <b>knoppix fromhd=/dev/uba</b> worked for my D400 just now. -- [[User:snorbert|snorbert]]<br />
<br />
13) The supplied memtest V1.20 does hang on a HP Compaq dc7100 SFF system, and probably other systems equipped with an Intel 9xx chipset. Please import the latest memtest+ from http://www.memtest.org/ --[[User:Elim|Elim]] 12:29, 15 Jun 2005 (GMT)<br />
<br />
14) Tried to compile the kernel. Get same error trying to install either kernel-source-2.6.11 (from debian) or linux-2-6.11 from linux.org. After creating the directory in /usr/src and cd to directory, I enter any make statement, i.e.:<br />
make config (or make oldconfig etc) then I get error message:<br />
<br />
HOSTCC scripts/basic/fixdep<br />
In file included from /usr/include/sys/socket.h:35,<br />
from /usr/include/netinet/in.h:24,<br />
from /usr/include/arpa/inet.h:23,<br />
from scripts/basic/fixdep.c:115:<br />
/usr/include/bits/socket.h:305:24: asm/socket.h: No such file or directory<br />
make[1]: *** [scripts/basic/fixdep] Error 1<br />
make: *** [scripts_basic] Error 2<br />
<br />
Of course, I did not create /usr/include. There are no pre-requisite packages, I know of (mentioned in various howto's), that are not already installed.<br />
<br />
15) After installing 3.9 on disk, it is necessary to configure the network. After configuring the network it appeared to work fine, i.e.: ping heise.de worked as expected; HOWEVER: ping localhost or ping 127.0.0.1 did not work...<br />
ifconfig -a revealed that the lo interface had no address. Thus:<br />
ifconfig lo 127.0.0.1<br />
fixed the problem. Of course. nobody thinks of testing such a thing until later when, for instance, finding out it is not possible to install a printer without localhost (localhost:631 needed by Cups). <br />
If this error is not reproducible I am willing to install 3.9 again and carefully note the configuration steps. BTW I have firewire (I renamed 1394eth.ko) which gave me two ethernet devices. Perhaps something happened there.<br />
<br />
''yacc:'' I do not know if it's reproducible, but I've got the same problem with 3.9. The curious thing is that /etc/network/interfaces looks good<br />
and /etc/rcS.d contains links to networking, etc.<br />
<br />
Same problem. As workaround I used /etc/init.d/bootmisc.sh with "ifconfig lo 127.0.0.1"<br />
[[User:Micha|Micha]]<br />
<br />
''FIX for Bug-15'': As root user, enter the command:<br />
ln -s /etc/init.d/ifupdown-clean /etc/rcS.d/S18ifupdown-clean<br />
<br />
16) On HD installed 3.9 (in IBM Thinkpad R30), Xine crash without any error report. It opens for a few seconds with splashscreen, and then close itself. Still looking for a workaround.<br />
<br />
17) Apparently home= doesn't work with 3.9. myconf= does, but only when specifying the location explicitly (not myconf=scan). If it makes a difference, I'm using a USB key to boot, and the partition which I would use is the second partition on the same device - in my case, /dev/ubb1 is KNOPPIX, and /dev/ubb2 is my ext2 partition for my personal files and config. I've tried the following boot: options:<br />
<br />
* knoppix home=scan<br />
* knoppix home=/mnt/ubb2/knoppix.img<br />
* knoppix home=/dev/ubb2/knoppix.img<br />
* knoppix home=/mnt/ubb2<br />
<br />
Please also see [http://www.knoppix.net/forum/viewtopic.php?t=19651 this forum post]. Thanks! --[[User:NightMonkey|NightMonkey]] 09:11, 24 Jun 2005 (GMT)<br />
<br />
18.) When using OpenOffice, new files can be written, but existing files can not be opened, it<br />
just hangs. Stack trace shows it is attempting to connect to the Mozilla Security libraries.<br />
The script in /opt/openoffice/program/soffice has this bit of code in it:<br />
<br />
# misc. environment variables<br />
OPENOFFICE_MOZILLA_FIVE_HOME="$sd_inst/program"<br />
export OPENOFFICE_MOZILLA_FIVE_HOME<br />
<br />
Commenting this out causes it to work. Security code works as well, you can create signed<br />
documents provided you install a certificate into firefox first.<br />
<br />
--[[User:JeffreySchiller|JeffreySchiller]] 22:53, 8 Jul 2005 (GMT)<br />
<br />
<br />
19) The cheatcode fromhd=/dev/hd?? does not seem to work. In the file "linuxrc"<br />
(in miniroot.gz), there is the following line.<br />
<br />
case "$CMDLINE" in *fromhd=/dev/*) DEVICES="$fromhd"; ;; esac<br />
<br />
However, I don't think that the variable $fromhd is automatically defined.<br />
<br />
--[[User:gangxiao|gangxiao]] 19:57, 10 Jul 2005 (GMT)<br />
<br />
20) Bug: fusion mpt scsi drives are not found at boot time.<br />
<br />
Diagnostics: in minirt.gz, the module mptscsih.o is included but it depends<br />
on mptbase.o. If the latter is not loaded before, mptscsih.o cannot be installed.<br />
<br />
Suggested solution: Add /modules/scsi/mptbase.o in minirt.gz, then in the script "linuxrc", try to load it before loading mptscsih.o.<br />
<br />
--[[User:gangxiao|gangxiao]] 10:06, 20 Jul 2005 (GMT)<br />
<br />
21) cloop bug? root becomes readonly.<br />
<br />
I am customizing Knoppix-3.9 with a recompiled kernel 2.4.31, and run into a strange boot bug.<br />
<br />
My kernel compiled with gcc 3.2 works fine with Knoppix-3.9. However, after I recompile the kernel with gcc-3.3 as distributed in Knoppix-3.9 (but with no modification of the kernel source nor config), the line<br />
<br />
"cat /KNOPPIX/etc/ld.so.cache > /etc/ld.so.cache"<br />
<br />
in linuxrc gives an error message "readonly file system", and boot fails.<br />
Recompiling cloop using the newer gcc doesn't help.<br />
<br />
After examination, it turns out that mounting KNOPPIX by cloop also changed the root filesystem /dev/root into readonly. I put an emergency measure by inserting a line<br />
<br />
"mount -o remount,rw /dev/root /"<br />
<br />
after the cloop mount, and everything works fine. Now I don't know whether this should be considered as a bug of the kernel, of gcc, or of cloop. The kernel behavior doesn't seem to change with the new compilation except this cloop problem. By the way, cloop mount inserted on a normally booted non-Knoppix system does not present the same problem.<br />
<br />
--[[User:gangxiao|gangxiao]] 07:30, 04 Aug 2005 (GMT)<br />
<br />
Sorry but this has nothing to do with cloop. Initrd was initially mounted<br />
readonly by the new kernel. I don't know why.<br />
<br />
--[[User:gangxiao|gangxiao]] 07:30, 06 Aug 2005 (GMT)<br />
<br />
22) TV-card bttv setup not possible<br />
The script looking for the file CARDLIST in /usr/src/linux/Documentation/video4linux/bttv/CARDLIST<br />
This file dosn't exist. XDialog failed.<br />
<br />
23) "Speicherzufgriffsfehler" with module sound_slot_1, after:<br />
cd /etc<br />
ls<br />
<br />
24)Knoppix as an idea is very amazing,but if I had only 1 error in knoppix 3.9 I would give a party!Every error I have found is listed below(if I haven't missed any).<br />
<br />
i]In KDE open a .zip file and when you can see its contents press the up button(takes to the previous folder) and konqueror crashes.THIS IS BUG 103795 OF KDE,IT HAS TROUBLED MANY PEOPLE INCLUDING ME.I HAD REPORTED THE Additional Comment#56 AT URL http://bugs.kde.org/show_bug.cgi?id=103795 ,THIS ERROR SHOWS THE STUPIDITY OF DEBIAN AS IT WAS REPEATED AT MY SYSTEM WHILE DOING A VERY DIFFERENT TASK!AT LEAST IT IS NOW FIXED.<br />
ii]In KDE Open Kmenu >> system >> KInfoCenter >> IO-Ports window closes unexpectedly.<br />
iii]AGP module is loaded at boot and GART module on PCI based chipsets with PCI graphics card while it should not!!<br />
iv]It loads pcmcia on desktop systems AND SAYS: PCMCIA found, starting cardmgr. ,WHILE NO PCMCIA CONTROLLER IS PRESENT ON SYSTEM!I WONDER WHERE IT FOUND IT??<br />
v]WITH NO 1394 DEVICE IT DISPLAYS AT BOOT: Firewire found, managed by hotplug: (Re-)scanning firewire devices... Done.I ALSO WONDER WHERE IT FOUND IT??<br />
vi]IF IN THE SHELL I TYPE "passwd" AND CHANGE THE PASSWORD THE SHELL REPORTS: unix password changed... ,WELL LINUX IS NOT UNIX!!!YOU COULD AT LEAST RESPECT THE GNU NAME WHICH MADE THE COMPILER YOU USED AND STANDS FOR Gnu is Not Unix.......<br />
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<br />
25) (Common to all Knoppix versions) Please note that acceleration (referred to the "dma" cheatcode and also to its corresponding menu entry in the X desktop) is spelled with one "l", not accelleration. It's a *minor* bug, I know, but it's fastidious to see this typo on the boot menu<br />
<br />
<br />
26) gaim crashes frequently. I don't have details yet, but both of the friends that I gave my knoppix cds to have had lots of trouble with it (they were trying to use msn). on one computer it would crash the instant they sent or received a message. on another, it worked for a while, but is apparently "crashing immediately" now. oh, and isn't there a proper bug tracker anywhere?<br />
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